100 Best Philosophy Of Science Books of All Time

We've ranked the best philosophy of science books using expert recommendations, sales data, and millions of reader ratings. At Shortform, we know books. Our book guides are the best in the world. Learn why.

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions book cover1

The Structure of Scientific Revolutions

Thomas S. Kuhn

5.0
A good book may have the power to change the way we see the world, but a great book actually becomes part of our daily consciousness, pervading our thinking to the point that we take it for granted, and we forget how provocative and challenging its ideas once were—and still are. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions is that kind of book. When it was first published in 1962, it was a landmark eve
The Demon-haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark book cover2

The Demon-haunted World: Science As a Candle in the Dark

Carl Sagan

4.7
How can we make intelligent decisions about our increasingly technology-driven lives if we don’t understand the difference between the myths of pseudoscience and the testable hypotheses of science? Pulitzer Prize-winning author and distinguished astronomer Carl Sagan argues that scientific thinking is critical not only to the pursuit of truth but to the very well-being of our democratic institutio
Against Method book cover3

Against Method

Paul Feyerabend

4.5
Modern philosophy of science has paid great attention to the understanding of scientific "practice, " in contrast to the earlier concentration on scientific "method." Paul Feyerabend's acclaimed work, which has contributed greatly to this new emphasis, shows the deficiencies of some widespread ideas about the nature of knowledge. He argues that the only feasible explanations of scientific successe
The Logic of Scientific Discovery book cover4

The Logic of Scientific Discovery

Karl R. Popper

4.5
2014 Reprint of Original 1959 Edition. Exact facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. This book by one of the world's foremost philosophers of science presented a striking new picture of the logical character of scientific discovery--a picture which does full justice to the liberating effect of the Einsteinian revolution in physics and its immense impact
5

Philosophy of Science: A Very Short Introduction

Samir Okasha

4.5
What is science? Is there a real difference between science and myth? Is science objective? Can science explain everything? This Very Short Introduction provides a concise overview of the main themes of contemporary philosophy of science. Beginning with a short history of science to set the scene, Samir Okasha goes on to investigate the nature of scientific reasoning, scientific explanation, revol
6

Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science

Peter Godfrey-Smith

4.4
How does science work? Does it tell us what the world is "really" like? What makes it different from other ways of understanding the universe? In Theory and Reality, Peter Godfrey-Smith addresses these questions by taking the reader on a grand tour of one hundred years of debate about science. The result is a completely accessible introduction to the main themes of the philosophy of science.

Inten
7

What Is This Thing Called Science?

A. F. Chalmers

4.4
Since its first publication in 1976, Alan Chalmers's highly regarded and widely read work--translated into eighteen languages--has become a classic introduction to the scientific method, known for its accessibility to beginners and its value as a resource for advanced students and scholars.

In addition to overall improvements and updates inspired by Chalmers's experience as a teacher, comments from
Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies book cover8

Guns, Germs and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies

Jared Diamond

4.4
Explaining what William McNeill called The Rise of the West has become the central problem in the study of global history. In Guns, Germs, and Steel Jared Diamond presents the biologist's answer: geography, demography, and ecological happenstance. Diamond evenhandedly reviews human history on every continent since the Ice Age at a rate that emphasizes only the broadest movements of peoples and ide
9

Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress

Steven Pinker

4.4
If you think the world is coming to an end, think again: people are living longer, healthier, freer, and happier lives, and while our problems are formidable, the solutions lie in the Enlightenment ideal of using reason and science.

Is the world really falling apart? Is the ideal of progress obsolete? In this elegant assessment of the human condition in the third millennium, cognitive scientist and
10

Philosophy of Science: The Central Issues

J. A. Cover, Martin Curd, et al.

4.4
Both an anthology and an introductory textbook, Philosophy of Science: The Central Issues offers instructors and students a comprehensive anthology of fifty-two primary texts by leading philosophers in the field and provides extensive editorial commentary that places the readings in a wide philosophical context.
The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World book cover11

The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World

David Deutsch

4.4
The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World
Meditations book cover12

Meditations

Marcus Aurelius

4.3
One measure, perhaps, of a book's worth, is its intergenerational pliancy: do new readers acquire it and interpret it afresh down through the ages? The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius, translated and introduced by Gregory Hays, by that standard, is very worthwhile, indeed. Hays suggests that its most recent incarnation--as a self-help book--is not only valid, but may be close to the author's intent
Physics and Philosophy: The Revolution in Modern Science book cover13

Physics and Philosophy: The Revolution in Modern Science

Werner Heisenberg

4.3
The seminal work by one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth century, Physics and Philosophy is Werner Heisenberg's concise and accessible narrative of the revolution in modern physics, in which he played a towering role. The outgrowth of a celebrated lecture series, this book remains as relevant, provocative, and fascinating as when it was first published in 1958. A brilliant scientist
"Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!": Adventures of a Curious Character book cover14

"Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman!": Adventures of a Curious Character

Richard P. Feynman

4.3
A series of anecdotes, such as are included in Surely You're Joking, Mr Feynman, shouldn't by rights add up to an autobiography, but that's just one of the many pieces of received wisdom that Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman (1918-88) cheerfully ignores in this engagingly eccentric book. Fiercely independent (read the chapter entitled "Judging Books by Their Covers"), intolerant of st
Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants book cover15

Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants

Robin Wall Kimmerer

4.3
As a botanist, Robin Wall Kimmerer has been trained to ask questions of nature with the tools of science. As a member of the Citizen Potawatomi Nation, she embraces the notion that plants and animals are our oldest teachers. In Braiding Sweetgrass, Kimmerer brings these lenses of knowledge together to show that the awakening of a wider ecological consciousness requires the acknowledgment and celeb
16

Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge

Karl Popper

4.3
Conjectures and Refutations is one of Karl Popper's most wide-ranging and popular works, notable not only for its acute insight into the way scientific knowledge grows, but also for applying those insights to politics and to history. It provides one of the clearest and most accessible statements of the fundamental idea that guided his work: not only our knowledge, but our aims and our standards, g
Bad Science: Quacks, Hacks, and Big Pharma Flacks book cover17

Bad Science: Quacks, Hacks, and Big Pharma Flacks

Ben Goldacre

4.3
The informative and witty expose of the "bad science" we are all subjected to, called "one of the essential reads of the year" by New Scientist.

We are obsessed with our health. And yet — from the media's "world-expert microbiologist" with a mail-order Ph.D. in his garden shed laboratory, and via multiple health scares and miracle cures — we are constantly bombarded with inaccurate, contradictory,
A Short History of Nearly Everything book cover18

A Short History of Nearly Everything

Bill Bryson

4.3
In Bryson's biggest book, he confronts his greatest challenge: to understand—and, if possible, answer—the oldest, biggest questions we have posed about the universe and ourselves. Taking as territory everything from the Big Bang to the rise of civilization, Bryson seeks to understand how we got from there being nothing at all to there being us. To that end, he has attached himself to a host of the
A Brief History of Time book cover19

A Brief History of Time

Stephen Hawking

4.3
In the ten years since its publication in 1988, Stephen Hawking's classic work has become a landmark volume in scientific writing, with more than nine million copies in forty languages sold worldwide. That edition was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the origins and nature of the universe. But the intervening years have seen extraordinary advances in the technology of observing bot
Understanding Philosophy of Science book cover20

Understanding Philosophy of Science

James Ladyman

4.3
Few can imagine a world without telephones or televisions; many depend on computers and the Internet as part of daily life. Without scientific theory, these developments would not have been possible.

In this exceptionally clear and engaging introduction to philosophy of science, James Ladyman explores the philosophical questions that arise when we reflect on the nature of the scientific method and
The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks book cover21

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks

Rebecca Skloot

4.3
Her name was Henrietta Lacks, but scientists know her as HeLa. She was a poor Southern tobacco farmer who worked the same land as her slave ancestors, yet her cells—taken without her knowledge—became one of the most important tools in medicine. The first “immortal” human cells grown in culture, they are still alive today, though she has been dead for more than sixty years. If you could pile all He
Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst book cover22

Behave: The Biology of Humans at Our Best and Worst

Robert M. Sapolsky

4.3
The New York Times bestseller

"It's no exaggeration to say that Behave is one of the best nonfiction books I've ever read." --David P. Barash, The Wall Street Journal


"It has my vote for science book of the year." --Parul Sehgal, The New York Times

"Hands-down one of the best books I've read in years. I loved it." --Dina Temple-Raston, The Washington Post

Named a Best Book of the Year by The Washin
Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future book cover23

Elon Musk: Tesla, SpaceX, and the Quest for a Fantastic Future

Ashlee Vance

4.3
Elon Musk, the entrepreneur and innovator behind SpaceX, Tesla, and SolarCity, sold one of his internet companies, PayPal, for $1.5 billion. Ashlee Vance captures the full spectacle and arc of the genius's life and work, from his tumultuous upbringing in South Africa and flight to the United States to his dramatic technical innovations and entrepreneurial pursuits. Vance uses Musk's story to explo
Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid book cover24

Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid

Douglas R. Hofstadter

4.3
Douglas Hofstadter's book is concerned directly with the nature of “maps” or links between formal systems. However, according to Hofstadter, the formal system that underlies all mental activity transcends the system that supports it. If life can grow out of the formal chemical substrate of the cell, if consciousness can emerge out of a formal system of firing neurons, then so too will computers at
The God Delusion book cover25

The God Delusion

Richard Dawkins

4.3
In his sensational international bestseller, the preeminent scientist and outspoken atheist Richard Dawkins delivers a hard-hitting, impassioned, but humorous, rebuttal of religious belief. With rigor and wit, Dawkins eviscerates the arguments for religion and demonstrates the supreme improbability of the existence of a supreme being. He makes a compelling case that faith is not just irrational bu
Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence book cover26

Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

Max Tegmark

4.2
How will Artificial Intelligence affect crime, war, justice, jobs, society and our very sense of being human? The rise of AI has the potential to transform our future more than any other technology--and there's nobody better qualified or situated to explore that future than Max Tegmark, an MIT professor who's helped mainstream research on how to keep AI beneficial.

How can we grow our prosperity th
27

Representing and Intervening: Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Natural Science

Ian Hacking

4.2
A lively and clearly written introduction to the philosophy of natural science, organized around the central theme of scientific realism.
The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology book cover28

The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology

Ray Kurzweil

4.2
The great inventor and futurist Ray Kurzweil is one of the best-known and controversial advocates for the role of machines in the future of humanity. In his latest, thrilling foray into the future, he envisions an event--thesingularity--in which technological change becomes so rapid and so profound that our bodies and brains will merge with our machines.

The Singularity Is Near portrays what life w
How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain book cover29

How Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain

Lisa Barrett

4.2
“Fascinating . . . A thought-provoking journey into emotion science.” — Wall Street Journal

“A singular book, remarkable for the freshness of its ideas and the boldness and clarity with which they are presented.” — Scientific American

“A brilliant and original book on the science of emotion, by the deepest thinker about this topic since Darwin.” — Daniel Gilbert, best-selling author of Stumbling o
What is Real?: The Unfinished Quest for the Meaning of Quantum Physics book cover30

What is Real?: The Unfinished Quest for the Meaning of Quantum Physics

Adam Becker

4.2
Every physicist agrees quantum mechanics is among humanity's finest scientific achievements. But ask what it means, and the result will be a brawl. For a century, most physicists have followed Niels Bohr's Copenhagen interpretation and dismissed questions about the reality underlying quantum physics as meaningless. A mishmash of solipsism and poor reasoning, Copenhagen endured, as Bohr's students
Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life book cover31

Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meanings of Life

Daniel Dennett

4.2
In a book that is both groundbreaking and accessible, Daniel C. Dennett, whom Chet Raymo of The Boston Globe calls "one of the most provocative thinkers on the planet," focuses his unerringly logical mind on the theory of natural selection, showing how Darwin's great idea transforms and illuminates our traditional view of humanity's place in the universe. Dennett vividly describes the theory itsel
American Prometheus: The Triumph & Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer book cover32

American Prometheus: The Triumph & Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer

Kai Bird

4.2
"American Prometheus is the first full-scale biography of J. Robert Oppenheimer, "father of the atomic bomb," the brilliant, charismatic physicist who led the effort to capture the awesome fire of the sun for his country in time of war. Immediately after Hiroshima, he became the most famous scientist of his generation - one of the iconic figures of the twentieth century, the embodiment of modern m
Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming book cover33

Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming

Erik M Conway

4.2
The U.S. scientific community has long led the world in research on such areas as public health, environmental science, and issues affecting quality of life. Our scientists have produced landmark studies on the dangers of DDT, tobacco smoke, acid rain, and global warming. But at the same time, a small yet potent subset of this community leads the world in vehement denial of these dangers.

Merchants
Philosophy of Science: A Contemporary Introduction book cover34

Philosophy of Science: A Contemporary Introduction

Alex Rosenberg

4.2
This user-friendly text covers key issues in the philosophy of science in an accessible and philosophically serious way. It will prove valuable to students studying philosophy of science as well as science students.
Prize-winning author Alex Rosenberg explores the philosophical problems that science raises by its very nature and method. He skilfully demonstrates that scientific explanation, laws, c
35

Where Good Ideas Come from: The Natural History of Innovation

Steven Johnson

4.2
The printing press, the pencil, the flush toilet, the battery--these are all great ideas. But where do they come from? What kind of environment breeds them? What sparks the flash of brilliance? How do we generate the breakthrough technologies that push forward our lives, our society, our culture? Steven Johnson's answers are revelatory as he identifies the seven key patterns behind genuine innovat
Alchemy: The Surprising Power of Ideas That Don't Make Sense book cover36

Alchemy: The Surprising Power of Ideas That Don't Make Sense

Rory Sutherland

4.2
The legendary advertising guru—Ogilvy UK’s vice chairman—and star of three massively popular TED Talks, blends the science of human behavior with his vast experience in the art of persuasion in this incomparable book that decodes successful branding and marketing in the vein of Freakonomics, Thinking Fast and Slow, and The Power of Habit.

When Rory Sutherland was a trainee working on a direct mail
Intellectual Impostures book cover37

Intellectual Impostures

Alan Sokal, Jean Bricmont

4.2
When Intellectual Impostures was published in France, it sent shock waves through the Left Bank establishment. When it was published in Britain, it provoked impassioned debate. Sokal and Bricmont examine the canon of French postmodernists - Lacan, Kristeva, Baudrillard, Irigaray, Latour, Virilio, Deleuze and Guattari - and systematically expose their abuse of science. This edition contains a new p
Waking Up: A Guide to Spirituality Without Religion book cover38

Waking Up: A Guide to Spirituality Without Religion

Sam Harris

4.2
For the millions of Americans who want spirituality without religion, Sam Harris’s new book is a guide to meditation as a rational spiritual practice informed by neuroscience and psychology.

From multiple New York Times bestselling author, neuroscientist, and “new atheist” Sam Harris, Waking Up is for the 30 percent of Americans who follow no religion, but who suspect that Jesus, Buddha, Lao Tzu, R
The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself book cover39

The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself

Sean Carroll

4.2
Already internationally acclaimed for his elegant, lucid writing on the most challenging notions in modern physics, Sean Carroll is emerging as one of the greatest humanist thinkers of his generation as he brings his extraordinary intellect to bear not only on Higgs bosons and extra dimensions but now also on our deepest personal questions. Where are we? Who are we? Are our emotions, our beliefs,
An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding book cover40

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

David Hume

4.2
A landmark of Enlightenment thought, Hume's An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding is accompanied here by two shorter works that shed light on it: A Letter from a Gentleman to His Friend in Edinburgh, Hume's response to those accusing him of atheism, of advocating extreme skepticism, and of undermining the foundations of morality; and his Abstract of A Treatise of Human Nature, which anticipate
The Character of Physical Law book cover41

The Character of Physical Law

Richard Feynman

4.2
In the Messenger Lectures, originally delivered at Cornell University & recorded for TV by the BBC, Feynman offers an overview of selected physical laws & gathers their common features into one broad principle of invariance. He maintains at the outset that the importance of a physical law isn't "how clever we are to have found it out, but...how clever nature is to pay attention to it" & tends his
A Mind for Numbers: How to Excel at Math and Science (Even If You Flunked Algebra) book cover42

A Mind for Numbers: How to Excel at Math and Science (Even If You Flunked Algebra)

Barbara Oakley

4.2
Whether you are a student struggling to fulfill a math or science requirement, or you are embarking on a career change that requires a higher level of math competency, A Mind for Numbers offers the tools you need to get a better grasp of that intimidating but inescapable field. Engineering professor Barbara Oakley knows firsthand how it feels to struggle with math. She flunked her way through high
Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies book cover43

Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies

Nick Bostrom

4.2
Superintelligence asks the questions: what happens when machines surpass humans in general intelligence? Will artificial agents save or destroy us? Nick Bostrom lays the foundation for understanding the future of humanity and intelligent life.

The human brain has some capabilities that the brains of other animals lack. It is to these distinctive capabilities that our species owes its dominant posi
44

The Scientific Image

Bas. Van Fraassen

4.1
In this book van Fraassen develops an alternative to scientific realism by constructing and evaluating three mutually reinforcing theories.
45

An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science

Rudolf Carnap

4.1
One of the most creative philosophers of the 20th century, Rudolf Carnap presented a series of science lectures at the University of California in 1958. The present volume is an outgrowth of that seminar, which dealt with the philosophical foundations of physics. Edited by Martin Gardner from transcripts of Carnap's classroom lectures and discussions, the book remains one of the clearest and sound
The Pleasure Of Finding Things Out: The Best Short Works Of Richard Feynman book cover47

The Pleasure Of Finding Things Out: The Best Short Works Of Richard Feynman

Richard P. Feynman

4.1
The Pleasure of Finding Things Out is a magnificent treasury of the best short works of Richard Feynman—from interviews and speeches to lectures and printed articles. A sweeping, wide-ranging collection, it presents an intimate and fascinating view of a life in science—a life like no other.From his ruminations on science in our culture and descriptions of the fantastic properties of quantum physic
Einstein: His Life and Universe book cover48

Einstein: His Life and Universe

Walter Isaacson

4.1
Einstein was a rebel and nonconformist from boyhood days, and these character traits drove both his life and his science. In this narrative, Walter Isaacson explains how his mind worked and the mysteries of the universe that he discovered.
Stealing Fire: How Silicon Valley, the Navy SEALs, and Maverick Scientists Are Revolutionizing the Way We Live and Work book cover49

Stealing Fire: How Silicon Valley, the Navy SEALs, and Maverick Scientists Are Revolutionizing the Way We Live and Work

Steven Kotler, Jamie Wheal

4.1
National Bestseller

CNBC and Strategy + Business Best Business Book of the Year

It’s the biggest revolution you’ve never heard of, and it’s hiding in plain sight. Over the past decade, Silicon Valley executives like Eric Schmidt and Elon Musk, Special Operators like the Navy SEALs and the Green Berets, and maverick scientists like Sasha Shulgin and Amy Cuddy have turned everything we thought we kn
51

Philosophy of Science

Professor Jeffrey L. Kasser

4.1
"Science can't be free of philosophy any more than baseball can be free of physics." With this bold intellectual swing for the fences, philosopher Jeffrey L. Kasser launches an ambitious and exciting inquiry into what makes science science, using the tools of philosophy to ask:

• Why is science so successful?
• Is there such a thing as the scientific method?
• How do we distinguish science from ps
The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect book cover52

The Book of Why: The New Science of Cause and Effect

Judea Pearl

4.1
A Turing Award-winning computer scientist and statistician shows how understanding causality has revolutionized science and will revolutionize artificial intelligence
"Correlation is not causation." This mantra, chanted by scientists for more than a century, has led to a virtual prohibition on causal talk. Today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, instigated by Judea Pearl and his colleag
The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined book cover53

The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

Steven Pinker

4.1
Believe it or not, today we may be living in the most peaceful moment in our species' existence. In his gripping and controversial new work, New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows that despite the ceaseless news about war, crime, and terrorism, violence has actually been in decline over long stretches of history. Exploding myths about humankind's inherent violence and the curse of m
Darwin's Doubt: The Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design book cover54

Darwin's Doubt: The Explosive Origin of Animal Life and the Case for Intelligent Design

Stephen C. Meyer

4.1
When Charles Darwin finished The Origin of Species, he thought that he had explained every clue, but one. Though his theory could explain many facts, Darwin knew that there was a significant event in the history of life that his theory did not explain. During this event, the Cambrian explosion, many animals suddenly appeared in the fossil record without apparent ancestors in earlier layers of rock
55

Objectivity

Lorraine Daston, Peter Galison

4.1
The emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences, as revealed through images in scientific atlases--a story of how lofty epistemic ideals fuse with workaday practices.

Objectivity has a history, and it is full of surprises. In Objectivity, Lorraine Daston and Peter Galison chart the emergence of objectivity in the mid-nineteenth-century sciences--and show how the concept differs
56

The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought

Thomas S. Kuhn, James Bryant Conant

4.1
For scientist and layman alike this book provides vivid evidence that the Copernican Revolution has by no means lost its significance today. Few episodes in the development of scientific theory show so clearly how the solution to a highly technical problem can alter our basic thought processes and attitudes. Understanding the processes which underlay the Revolution gives us a perspective, in this
Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus book cover57

Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus

John Gray

4.1

Once upon a time Martians and Venusians met, fell in love, and had happy relationships together because they respected and accepted their differences. Then they came to Earth and amnesia set in: they forgot they were from different planets.

Based on years of successful counseling of couples and individuals, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus has helped millions of couples transform their relat

59

Proofs and Refutations: The Logic of Mathematical Discovery

Imre Lakatos, John Worrall, Elie Zahar

4.1
A novel introduction to the philosophy of mathematics, mostly in the form of a discussion between a group of students and their teacher. It combats the positivist picture and develops a much richer, more dramatic progression.
Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray book cover60

Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray

Sabine Hossenfelder

4.1
A contrarian argues that modern physicists' obsession with beauty has given us wonderful math but bad science.

Whether pondering black holes or predicting discoveries at CERN, physicists believe the best theories are beautiful, natural, and elegant, and this standard separates popular theories from disposable ones. This is why, Sabine Hossenfelder argues, we have not seen a major breakthrough in th
61

Consilience: The Unity of Knowledge

Edward Osborne Wilson

4.1
"A dazzling journey across the sciences and humanities in search of deep laws to unite them." --The Wall Street Journal

One of our greatest living scientists--and the winner of two Pulitzer Prizes for On Human Nature and The Ants--gives us a work of visionary importance that may be the crowning achievement of his career. In Consilience (a word that originally meant "jumping together"), Edward O. Wi
62

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Science

Paul Humphreys

4.1
This handbook provides both an overview of state-of-the-art scholarship in philosophy of science, as well as a guide to new directions in the discipline. Section I contains broad overviews of the main lines of research and the state of established knowledge in six principal areas of the discipline, including computational, physical, biological, psychological and social sciences, as well as general
The Mismeasure of Man book cover63

The Mismeasure of Man

Stephen Jay Gould

4.1
The definitive refutation to the argument of The Bell Curve.

How smart are you? If that question doesn't spark a dozen more questions in your mind (like "What do you mean by 'smart,'" "How do I measure it" and "Who's asking?"), then The Mismeasure of Man, Stephen Jay Gould's masterful demolition of the IQ industry, should be required reading. Gould's brilliant, funny, engaging prose dissects the mo
The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection: Or, the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life book cover64

The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection: Or, the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life

Charles Darwin

4.1
Darwin's theory of natural selection issued a profound challenge to orthodox thought and belief: no being or species has been specifically created; all are locked into a pitiless struggle for existence, with extinction looming for those not fitted for the task.

Yet The Origin of Species (1859) is also a humane and inspirational vision of ecological interrelatedness, revealing the complex mutual in
Critique of Pure Reason book cover65

Critique of Pure Reason

Immanuel Kant, Paul Guyer, et al.

4.1
'The purpose of this critique of pure speculative reason consists in the attempt to change the old procedure of metaphysics and to bring about a complete revolution'

Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (1781) is the central text of modern philosophy. It presents a profound and challenging investigation into the nature of human reason, its knowledge and its illusions. Reason, Kant argues, is the seat o
The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design book cover66

The Blind Watchmaker: Why the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Universe Without Design

Richard Dawkins

4.1
*30th Anniversary Edition*

Cover note: Each copy of the anniversary edition of The Blind Watchmaker features a unique biomorph. No two covers are exactly alike.

Acclaimed as the most influential work on evolution written in the last hundred years, The Blind Watchmaker offers an inspiring and accessible introduction to one of the most important scientific discoveries of all time. A brilliant and con
67

Fact, Fiction, and Forecast

Nelson Goodman, Hilary Putnam

4.1
Here, in a new edition, is Nelson Goodman's provocative philosophical classic--a book that, according to Science, "raised a storm of controversy" when it was first published in 1954, and one that remains on the front lines of philosophical debate.

How is it that we feel confident in generalizing from experience in some ways but not in others? How are generalizations that are warranted to be disting
The Right Stuff book cover68

The Right Stuff

Tom Wolfe

4.1
Millions of words have poured forth about man's trip to the moon, but until now few people have had a sense of the most engrossing side of the adventure; namely, what went on in the minds of the astronauts themselves - in space, on the moon, and even during certain odysseys on earth. It is this, the inner life of the astronauts, that Tom Wolfe describes with his almost uncanny emapthetic powers, t
69

For and Against Method: Including Lakatos's Lectures on Scientific Method and the Lakatos-Feyerabend Correspondence

Imre Lakatos, Paul Feyerabend, Matteo Motterlini

4.1
The work that helped to determine Paul Feyerabend's fame and notoriety, Against Method, stemmed from Imre Lakatos's challenge: "In 1970 Imre cornered me at a party. 'Paul,' he said, 'you have such strange ideas. Why don't you write them down? I shall write a reply, we publish the whole thing and I promise you—we shall have a lot of fun.' " Although Lakatos died before he could write his reply, For
Free Will book cover70
Belief in free will touches nearly everything that human beings value. It is difficult to think about law, politics, religion, public policy, intimate relationships, morality—as well as feelings of remorse or personal achievement—without first imagining that every person is the true source of his or her thoughts and actions. And yet the facts tell us that free will is an illusion.

In this enlighten
Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design book cover71

Signature in the Cell: DNA and the Evidence for Intelligent Design

Stephen C. Meyer

4.1
“Signature in the Cell is a defining work in the discussion of life’s origins and the question of whether life is a product of unthinking matter or of an intelligent mind. For those who disagree with ID, the powerful case Meyer presents cannot be ignored in any honest debate. For those who may be sympathetic to ID, on the fence, or merely curious, this book is an engaging, eye-opening, and often e
72

From a Logical Point of View: Nine Logico-Philosophical Essays

Willard Van Orman Quine

4.1
These nine essays are largely concerned with the theory of meaning and references—semantics. At the same time adjacent portions of philosophy and logic are discussed. To the existence of what objects may a given scientific theory be said to be committed? And what considerations may suitably guide us in accepting or revising such ontological commitments? These are among the questions dealt with in
Inference to the Best Explanation book cover73

Inference to the Best Explanation

Peter Lipton

4.0
The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind book cover74

The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind

Julian Jaynes

4.0
At the heart of this seminal book is Julian Jaynes's still-controversial thesis that consciousness didn't begin far back in animal evolution but instead is a learned process that came about only 3000 years ago & is still developing. The implications of this revolutionary scientific paradigm extend into virtually all aspects of psychology, history & religion.
Preface
Introduction
The mind of man
The c
Chaos: Making a New Science book cover75

Chaos: Making a New Science

James Gleick

4.0
Few writers distinguish themselves by their ability to write about complicated, even obscure topics clearly and engagingly. In Chaos, James Gleick, a former science writer for the New York Times, shows that he resides in this exclusive category. Here he takes on the job of depicting the first years of the study of chaos--the seemingly random patterns that characterise many natural phenomena.

This

What If? Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions book cover76

What If? Serious Scientific Answers to Absurd Hypothetical Questions

Randall Munroe

4.0
Randall Munroe left NASA in 2005 to start up his hugely popular site XKCD 'a web comic of romance, sarcasm, math and language' which offers a witty take on the world of science and geeks. It now has 600,000 to a million page hits daily. Every now and then, Munroe would get emails asking him to arbitrate a science debate. 'My friend and I were arguing about what would happen if a bullet got struck
Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy book cover77

Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy

Michael Polanyi, Mary Jo Nye

4.0
The publication of Personal Knowledge in 1958 shook the science world, as Michael Polanyi took aim at the long-standing ideals of rigid empiricism and rule-bound logic. Today, Personal Knowledge remains one of the most significant philosophy of science books of the twentieth century, bringing the crucial concepts of “tacit knowledge” and “personal knowledge” to the forefront of inquiry.

In this re
Why Buddhism is True: The Science and Philosophy of Meditation and Enlightenment book cover78

Why Buddhism is True: The Science and Philosophy of Meditation and Enlightenment

Robert Wright

4.0
From one of America’s greatest minds, a journey through psychology, philosophy, and lots of meditation to show how Buddhism holds the key to moral clarity and enduring happiness.

Robert Wright famously explained in The Moral Animal how evolution shaped the human brain. The mind is designed to often delude us, he argued, about ourselves and about the world. And it is designed to make happiness hard
79

Science and the Modern World

Alfred North Whitehead

4.0
Alfred North Whitehead's SCIENCE AND THE MODERN WORLD, originally published in 1925, redefines the concept of modern science. Presaging by more than half a century most of today's cutting-edge thought on the cultural ramifications of science and technology, Whitehead demands that readers understand and celebrate the contemporary, historical, and cultural context of scientific discovery. Taking rea
80

The Tao of Physics: An Exploration of the Parallels between Modern Physics and Eastern Mysticism

Fritjof Capra

4.0
After a quarter of a century in print, Capra's groundbreaking work still challenges and inspires. This updated edition of The Tao of Physics includes a new preface and afterword in which the author reviews the developments of the twenty-five years since the book's first publication, discusses criticisms the book has received, and examines future possibilities for a new scientific world.
Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World book cover81

Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World

Rachel Ignotofsky

4.0
It’s a scientific fact: Women rock!

A charmingly illustrated and educational book, Women in Science highlights the contributions of fifty notable women to the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) from the ancient to the modern world. Full of striking, singular art, this fascinating collection also contains infographics about relevant topics such as lab equipment, rat
Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature book cover82

Order Out of Chaos: Man's New Dialogue with Nature

Ilya Prigogine, Isabelle Stengers, Alvin Toffler

4.0

Belgian philosopher Isabelle Stengers and Ilya Prigogine, winner of the Nobel Prize in 1977 for his work on the thermodynamics of non-equilibrium systems, make their ideas accessible to a wide audience in this book, which has engendered massive debate in Europe and America. Stengers and Prigogine show how the two great themes of classic science, order and chaos, which coexisted uneasily for centur

83

Connections

James Burke

4.0
In this bestselling book, James Burke examines the ideas, inventions, and coincidences that have culminated in the major technological advances of today. He untangles the pattern of interconnecting events, the accidents of time, circumstance, and place that gave rise to major inventions of the world. Says Burke, "My purpose is to acquaint the reader with some of the forces that have caused change
86

Pocket Ref

Thomas Glover

4.0
Among the many topics covered in this handy, pocket-sized guide are air and gases, carpentry and construction, pipes, pumps, computers, electronics, geology, math, surveying and mapping, and weights and measures. Includes tables, charts, drawings, lists & formulas.
87

What Is Life? with Mind and Matter and Autobiographical Sketches

Erwin Schrödinger, Roger Penrose

4.0
What Is Life? is a 1944 non-fiction science book written for the lay reader by physicist Erwin Schrödinger. The book was based on a course of public lectures delivered by Schrödinger in February 1943 at Trinity College, Dublin. Schrödinger's lecture focused on one important question: "how can the events in space and time which take place within the spatial boundary of a living organism be accounte
Science Fictions: How Fraud, Bias, Incompetence, and Hype Undermine the Search for Truth book cover89

Science Fictions: How Fraud, Bias, Incompetence, and Hype Undermine the Search for Truth

Stuart Ritchie

4.0
90

How the Laws of Physics Lie

Nancy Cartwright

4.0
In this sequence of philosophical essays about natural science, Nancy Cartwright argues that fundamental explanatory laws, the deepest and most admired successes of modern physics, do not in fact describe the regularities that exist in nature. Yet she is not anti-realist'. Rather, she draws a novel distinction, arguing that theoretical entities, and the complex and localized laws that describe the
The Great Influenza: The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History book cover91

The Great Influenza: The Story of the Deadliest Pandemic in History

John M. Barry

4.0
At the height of WWI, history’s most lethal influenza virus erupted in an army camp in Kansas, moved east with American troops, then exploded, killing as many as 100 million people worldwide. It killed more people in twenty-four months than AIDS killed in twenty-four years, more in a year than the Black Death killed in a century. But this was not the Middle Ages, and 1918 marked the first collisio
The Romagus Papers: Confessions of an Engine Nerd book cover92

The Romagus Papers: Confessions of an Engine Nerd

Kyle Romagus

4.0

THE FIREGROUND DOES NOT REWARD CONFIDENCE OR TRADITION. IT REWARDS UNDERSTANDING!For decades, the fire service has excelled at teaching firefighters what to do—stretching lines, forcing doors, and flowing water—but has often failed to teach them how to think. We train mechanical skills for the controlled environment of the academy, but the street demands real-time judgment, timing, and adaptabilit

The Making of the Atomic Bomb: 25th Anniversary Edition book cover93

The Making of the Atomic Bomb: 25th Anniversary Edition

Richard Rhodes

4.0
Here for the first time, in rich, human, political, and scientific detail, is the complete story of how the bomb was developed, from the turn-of-the-century discovery of the vast energy locked inside the atom to the dropping of the first bombs on Japan.

Few great discoveries have evolved so swiftly - or have been so misunderstood. From the theoretical discussions of nuclear energy to the bright gla
94

The Advancement of Science: Science Without Legend, Objectivity Without Illusions

Philip Kitcher

4.0
During the last three decades, reflections on the growth of scientific knowledge have inspired historians, sociologists, and some philosophers to contend that scientific objectivity is a myth. In this book, Kitcher attempts to resurrect the notions of objectivity and progress in science by identifying both the limitations of idealized treatments of growth of knowledge and the overreactions to phil
The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements book cover95

The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History of the World from the Periodic Table of the Elements

Sam Kean

4.0
Why did Gandhi hate iodine (I, 53)? Why did the Japanese kill Godzilla with missiles made of cadmium (Cd, 48)? How did radium (Ra, 88) nearly ruin Marie Curie's reputation? And why did tellurium (Te, 52) lead to the most bizarre gold rush in history?

The periodic table is one of our crowning scientific achievements, but it's also a treasure trove of passion, adventure, betrayal and obsession. The f
96

The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String Theory, the Fall of a Science and What Comes Next

Lee Smolin

4.0
In this groundbreaking book, the renowned theoretical physicist Lee Smolin argues that physics — the basis for all other sciences — has lost its way. For more than two centuries, our understanding of the laws of nature expanded rapidly. But today, despite our best efforts, we know nothing more about these laws than we knew in the 1970s. Why is physics suddenly in trouble? And what can we do about
L'ordine del tempo book cover97

L'ordine del tempo

Carlo Rovelli

4.0
Come le "Sette brevi lezioni di fisica", che ha raggiunto un pubblico immenso in ogni parte del mondo, questo libro tratta di qualcosa della fisica che parla a chiunque e lo coinvolge, semplicemente perché è un mistero di cui ciascuno ha esperienza in ogni istante: il tempo. E un mistero non solo per ogni profano, ma anche per i fisici, che hanno visto il tempo trasformarsi in modo radicale, da Ne
98

Philosophical Foundations of Neuroscience

M. R. Bennett, P. M. S. Hacker

4.0
In this provocative survey, a distinguished philosopher and a leading neuroscientist outline the conceptual problems at the heart of cognitive neuroscience.

Surveys the conceptual problems inherent in many neuroscientific theories.
Encourages neuroscientists to pay more attention to conceptual questions.
Provides conceptual maps for students and researchers in cognitive neuroscience and psychology
Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution book cover99

Darwin's Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution

Michael J. Behe

4.0
In 1996, Darwin's Black Box helped to launch the intelligent design movement: the argument that nature exhibits evidence of design, beyond Darwinian randomness. It sparked a national debate on evolution, which continues to intensify across the country. From one end of the spectrum to the other, Darwin's Black Box has established itself as the key intelligent design text -- the one argument that mu
The Fabric of the Cosmos: Space, Time, and the Texture of Reality book cover100

The Fabric of the Cosmos: Space, Time, and the Texture of Reality

Brian Greene

4.0
From Brian Greene, one of the world’s leading physicists and author the Pulitzer Prize finalist The Elegant Universe, comes a grand tour of the universe that makes us look at reality in a completely different way.

Space and time form the very fabric of the cosmos. Yet they remain among the most mysterious of concepts. Is space an entity? Why does time have a direction? Could the universe exist with