In this episode of the Shawn Ryan Show, Army ROTC cadet Samuel Reineberg recounts the terrorist attack at Old Dominion University on March 12th. Reineberg describes how he and fellow cadets responded when a gunman opened fire in their classroom, detailing their immediate actions to neutralize the threat and provide emergency care to their mortally wounded instructor, Colonel Shaw. He discusses the attack's immediate aftermath and his ongoing struggle with survivor's guilt and trauma.
The conversation also examines the systemic failures that enabled the attack. Reineberg and Ryan discuss the attacker's background, including his terrorism conviction and illegal early release through a federal program loophole. Despite the trauma, Reineberg remains committed to his military career, having recently received his post-commissioning assignment. The episode covers his military service history, his transition to officer training, and his determination to honor Colonel Shaw's legacy through continued service.

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On March 12th, Army ROTC cadets at Old Dominion University gathered for their senior military science class with Colonel Shaw. Samuel Reineberg, who typically sat at the front, chose a rear seat that day after arriving early to prepare for a briefing. Around 9:20 AM, a man in a dark hoodie entered, confirmed it was the ROTC class, drew a handgun, yelled "Allahu Akbar," and immediately opened fire on Colonel Shaw at point-blank range.
As gunfire erupted, most students dove for cover, but a cadet immediately leapt on the shooter. Colonel Shaw, despite being shot, heroically advanced and bear-hugged the attacker. Sam and other cadets surged forward to control the weapon and move the muzzle away from their classmates.
The cadets pinned the shooter against the front wall, controlling the pistol's slide to prevent further shots. As the shooter continued pulling the trigger, the cadets subdued him using fists, elbows, knives, and metal water bottles. Within four minutes of the attack's start, the threat was neutralized, and cadets began stopping the bleeding from Colonel Shaw's leg wound.
Colonel Shaw's gunshot wound was high on his leg, raising fears of femoral artery damage. The cadets applied a makeshift tourniquet using a leather belt, then carried Shaw into the hallway for better access. Shaw briefly regained consciousness, and Sam urged him not to stand, reassuring him that help was coming before he lost consciousness again.
When the first officers arrived, Sam urgently requested a tourniquet, which he and another cadet applied higher on Shaw's leg. They carried Shaw down two flights of stairs to meet paramedics. Outside, they tightened the tourniquet again as Shaw regained consciousness and asked Sam for his inhaler, prompting Sam to frantically search as SWAT and students converged on the chaotic scene.
After Shaw was taken by ambulance, Sam led several classmates in a tactical withdrawal to the parking garage. Police then brought Sam and others to the Norfolk police station for detailed debriefing. For over seven hours, Sam remained in bloodstained clothes while police processed statements and details.
Late that day, cadets were gathered for a solemn announcement: Colonel Shaw had succumbed to his injuries. The news shocked Sam, whose last memory was seeing Shaw alive and being loaded into an ambulance. This realization marked the beginning of Sam's survivor guilt, a heavy burden in the wake of traumatic heroism.
Samuel describes the initial aftermath as a period of intense stress and anxiety. In the hospital, he feels hypervigilant, seizing up when a boy screams in a neighboring room. His first night home, he struggles to sleep—a problem that persists for several nights. Combined with stress-induced loss of appetite and constant hypervigilance, the sleep deprivation leaves him thoroughly exhausted during early recovery.
Samuel continues grappling with nightmares and intrusive memories. His dreams replay the classroom chaos and, most hauntingly, the image of Colonel Shaw's eyes wide open before he lost consciousness. These recurring images are permanently etched in his memory, and even small, sudden noises trigger traumatic responses.
Despite eliminating the shooter, Samuel feels no moral distress regarding his use of lethal force. Instead, his guilt centers on his inability to save Colonel Shaw. Samuel takes significant responsibility for Shaw's death, though conversations with teammates reinforce that they did everything they could given the circumstances.
Colonel Shaw's funeral presents a profound emotional challenge. Samuel attends a small ceremony where he receives recognition from the Sergeant Major of the Army and the Secretary of the Army, but the event deepens his pain. Standing in uniform, he meets the Shaw family, who thank him, but he can only respond with apologies. The flag-folding ceremony and final viewing of Shaw intensify his grief.
Samuel's pain is sharpened by admiration for Colonel Shaw's character. He remarks on Shaw's devotion as a father and husband, emphasizing how Shaw prioritized his family in every decision. In two to three years, Shaw expanded the ODU ROTC population to over 100 cadets and built a sense of safety and belonging, making his absence particularly devastating.
Samuel does not pursue formal therapy but relies on a network of friends, mentors, and experienced leaders who understand combat trauma. Gardening and physical activity also play therapeutic roles in his coping, and while open to speaking with a chaplain in the future, for now he manages his grief with informal support and self-directed strategies.
The case of Mohammed Jalloh exposes severe cracks in the U.S. criminal justice system, with bureaucratic missteps resulting in preventable tragedy.
Mohammed Jalloh served in the Army National Guard from 2009 to 2015. After personal crises, his radicalization began in 2015 after listening to online lectures by deceased Al-Qaeda cleric Anwar al-Awlaki. From July 2015 to January 2016, he traveled to Sierra Leone and Nigeria, made contact with Islamic State members, and consumed extremist propaganda.
In early 2016, an ISIS operative encouraged Jalloh to plan an attack similar to the 2009 Fort Hood shooting. Following a three-month FBI sting, Jalloh was arrested on July 3, 2016, after attempting to purchase an AR-15 rifle and trying to donate $500 to ISIS. He pleaded guilty to attempting to provide material support to ISIS.
Prosecutors recommended a twenty-year sentence, but the judge imposed eleven years. Jalloh served just eight and a half years before his transfer to a halfway house, and despite his terrorism conviction, he was freed on December 23, 2024, about two and a half years early.
Jalloh's early release was justified by his completion of the Residential Drug Abuse Program (RDAP), though he had no drug convictions. Federal law expressly prohibits violent offenders—including those with terrorism convictions—from early RDAP releases, making his release unlawful. The Bureau of Prisons eventually closed this loophole in 2025, but not in time to prevent Jalloh's release or subsequent attack.
Jalloh's attack was preventable. Had he served his full sentence as required by law, he would have remained behind bars. Ryan and Reineberg stress that sufficient red flags should have warranted stricter sentencing and denied him early release, showcasing systemic deficiencies in handling violent, ideologically motivated offenders.
Ryan claims the U.S. government sends between $40 and $87 million weekly to the Taliban, indirectly funding infrastructures that radicalize extremists like Jalloh. The juxtaposition of funding terrorists overseas while allowing convicted terrorists early freedom to commit domestic attacks is, he concludes, both tragic and a damning indictment of systemic and political failure.
Sam Reineberg enlists in the Army at seventeen, following a strong family tradition. He chooses to be an 88 Kilo Watercraft Operator, assigned to the Army vessel LSV-5, a 278-foot logistics ship designed for transporting Abrams tanks and military assets. These vessels can operate in unapproved ports and are capable of ocean crossings, ensuring flexible military logistics support globally.
Sam's primary vessel operates out of Fort Eustis, Virginia, with missions extending to the Middle East. In 2020, his vessel deploys to Kuwait, returning just one to two months before the March 12th incident. Prior to entering ROTC, Sam serves as Lead Seaman, gaining key leadership experience, with assignments in Hawaii broadening his operational expertise.
Through the Army's Green to Gold program, Sam earns a scholarship to pursue his officer's degree. Now a senior Leadership Science major in ODU's ROTC and set to commission in May 2026, Sam selects logistics as his officer branch, aiming to leverage his watercraft background to improve military operations.
Sam receives his assignment notification the day after the attack: he is slated to join the 25th Infantry Division at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii. This upcoming assignment becomes a significant, positive focus during a difficult time, helping him process his grief over Colonel Shaw's death.
Despite the trauma and suggestions to consider a disability separation, Sam remains steadfast in his commitment to serve. Rejecting thoughts of leaving the Army, he remains motivated by a sense of duty to care for fellow soldiers and sees his future logistics officer role as a chance to honor the example set by leaders like Colonel Shaw.
Sam takes pride in his cadet team's fluid, instinctive, and heroic response during the shooting, emphasizing their cohesion and bravery. He feels deep gratitude for his mentors and friends who help him process trauma and cope with survivor's guilt as he prepares to transition from cadet to commissioned officer.
1-Page Summary
On March 12th, the senior military science class for Army ROTC at Old Dominion University gathered as usual. Colonel Shaw, the only instructor, stood at the front of the classroom, where students’ desks faced him, and a walkway ran down the right side to the front. That day, Samuel Reineberg, who typically sat at the front, chose a seat near the rear of the class and arrived an hour early to prepare with his two partners for their scheduled combatant command briefing. The class began around 9:20 AM, with students filtering in and taking their seats.
As the class proceeded, a man dressed in a dark hoodie, gloves, and with a beard entered the room. He appeared nervous and asked if it was the ROTC or seminar class. After a student confirmed it was ROTC, the man drew a handgun, yelled "Allahu Akbar," and immediately opened fire on Colonel Shaw at point-blank range, from about six or seven feet away.
Gunfire erupted without warning. Instinctively, Sam and his classmates hit the floor or ducked under tables, chaos erupting in seconds. While most students dove for cover, a cadet leapt on top of the shooter. Colonel Shaw, despite being shot, heroically advanced and bear-hugged the attacker, driving him toward the ground. In that instant, Sam and another cadet, joined by others, surged forward and engaged the shooter, seeking to control the weapon and move the muzzle away from their classmates.
In the ensuing struggle, the cadets pinned the shooter against the front wall, working together to control the pistol’s slide—critical to preventing further shots. As the shooter continued to pull the trigger and flailed the gun at those restraining him, the cadets maintained their hold, keeping the muzzle pointed into the wall.
The cadets subdued the attacker using any means available: fists, elbows, small knives, and even metal water bottles. The violent struggle lasted about one to two minutes. The assailant was incapacitated with numerous stab wounds and strikes. Within four minutes of the attack’s start, the threat was neutralized largely by unarmed cadets, with one securing the firearm and others focused on stopping the bleeding from Colonel Shaw’s leg wound.
Colonel Shaw’s gunshot wound was high up his leg, raising fears of femoral artery damage. The cadets tried to use a belt as a tourniquet, but the first attempt failed due to the cinch design. They fetched another leather belt, cinched it tight, and attempted to control the bleeding, all while cramped against the wall. Realizing better access was needed, Sam and another cadet carried Colonel Shaw into the wider hallway, where they continued lifesaving efforts.
Colonel Shaw briefly regained consciousness and tried to stand. Sam urged him not to get up, reassuring him that help was on the way. Shaw then lost consciousness again, as the urgency to save his life mounted.
The first officers arrived: a male and a female, with the latter wearing a tourniquet on her rig. Sam urgently requested it, and he and another cadet applied the tourniquet higher up on Shaw’s leg, doing everything possible to preserve his life. With the assistance of the officers and cadets, they carried Colonel Shaw down two flights of stairs to the building’s front entrance for the paramedics.
Once outside, they tightened the tourniquet yet ag ...
March 12th Shooter at Old Dominion: Heroic Cadet Response
Samuel Reineberg describes the initial aftermath of the shooting as a period of intense stress and anxiety. In the hospital, he feels anxious, on edge, and highly alert to his surroundings. A scream from a boy in a neighboring room causes him to seize up in bed, underscoring how sensitive he is to unexpected stimuli. His first night at home is marked by extreme exhaustion, as he doesn’t get home until 11 p.m. and struggles to sleep, a problem that persists for several nights. Along with insomnia, his appetite is significantly disturbed, experiencing stress-induced tightness and little motivation to eat. The combination of sleep deprivation, diminished appetite, and constant hypervigilance leaves him thoroughly exhausted during his early recovery.
Samuel continues to grapple with nightmares and intrusive memories. His dreams replay the chaos of the classroom, the soundscape of the shooting, and, most hauntingly, the image of Colonel Shaw’s eyes, wide open shortly before he lost consciousness. These recurring images and moments—particularly Shaw’s eyes and the desperate act of fashioning a leather belt as a tourniquet—are permanently etched in his memory. Even small, sudden noises trigger traumatic responses, as demonstrated by his reaction in the hospital. The memories come in unpredictable, distressing waves, making day-to-day functioning challenging.
Despite eliminating the shooter, Samuel feels no moral distress or conflict regarding his use of lethal force. He is untroubled by his role in neutralizing the terrorist and expresses indifference toward it. Instead, his guilt centers on the outcome—specifically, his inability to save Colonel Shaw. Samuel takes significant responsibility for Shaw’s death, admitting that this loss weighs heavily on him. He questions whether different actions could have changed the outcome, though he ultimately acknowledges that limited resources made a different result impossible. Conversations with teammates reinforce that they did everything they could, given the circumstances, but the survivor’s guilt over not saving Shaw persists for Samuel.
Colonel Shaw’s funeral presents a profound emotional challenge. Samuel attends a small ceremony before the public funeral, where he receives recognition from the Sergeant Major of the Army and the Secretary of the Army. However, the event deepens his sense of pain; standing in uniform, he meets the Shaw family, who thank him, but he can only respond with apologies, unable to process their gratitude in light of his own feelings of responsibility and sadness. The flag-folding ceremony, where Shaw’s widow is presented the flag, and witnessing the final viewing of Shaw in his casket, intensify the grief. Samuel is also deeply moved by a tweet reflecting on Shaw surviving countless months overseas only to die at ...
Trauma, Grief, and Survivor's Guilt After Shaw's Death
The case of Mohammed Jalloh exposes severe cracks in the U.S. criminal justice system, bureaucratic missteps, and broader geopolitical contradictions, resulting in tragedy that could have been prevented had sentences and laws been applied properly.
Mohammed Jalloh served in the Army National Guard from 2009 to 2015. After a series of personal crises, including a breakup and substance abuse, he left the Guard. In 2015, Jalloh’s radicalization began after he listened to online lectures by deceased Al-Qaeda cleric Anwar al-Awlaki. From July 2015 to January 2016, he traveled to Sierra Leone and Nigeria, made contact with Islamic State members, and consumed extremist propaganda.
In early 2016, an ISIS operative contacted Jalloh and encouraged him to plan an attack similar to the 2009 Fort Hood shooting, which killed 13 people. Following a three-month FBI sting, Jalloh was arrested on July 3, 2016, after attempting to purchase an AR-15 rifle and trying to donate $500 to ISIS. In October 2016, he pleaded guilty to attempting to provide material support to ISIS.
Prosecutors recommended a twenty-year sentence for Jalloh’s terrorism-related crime, but the judge imposed eleven years of federal prison and five years of supervised release. Of that, Jalloh served less than seventy-five percent, spending just eight and a half years in custody before his transfer to a halfway house. Despite a conviction for supporting ISIS, he was freed from the halfway house on December 23, 2024, about two and a half years early.
Jalloh's early release was justified by his completion of the Residential Drug Abuse Program (RDAP), though he had no drug convictions. Federal law expressly prohibits violent offenders—including those with terrorism convictions—from early RDAP releases, so his release was not only inappropriate but unlawful. The Bureau of Prisons eventually closed this loophole in 2025, but not in time to prevent Jalloh’s release or subsequent attack.
Jalloh’s attack on March 12th was preventable. Had he served his full sentence as required by law, he would have remained behind bars at the time. Ryan and Reineberg stress that sufficient red flags—Jalloh ...
Criminal Justice Failures and Perpetrator's Release
Sam Reineberg enlists in the Army at seventeen, following a strong family tradition—his father and uncle both serve. He chooses to be an 88 Kilo Watercraft Operator, shipping out after graduating high school. Assigned to the Army vessel LSV-5, Sam's work revolves around a 278-foot, flat-bottom logistics ship. These vessels, designed for transporting Abrams tanks, vehicles, containers, and military assets, feature a ramp allowing direct beach offloading, even without existing port infrastructure. With a shallow draft, LSV-5 and similar crafts can operate in unapproved ports and are capable of ocean crossings, ensuring flexible military logistics support across the globe.
Sam's primary vessel, the LSV-5, operates out of Fort Eustis, Virginia, with missions extending to the Middle East. In 2020, his vessel deploys to Kuwait, returning to U.S. ports just one to two months before the March 12th incident. Prior to entering ROTC, Sam serves as Lead Seaman on the Maneuver Support Vessel Light, gaining key leadership experience. His assignments in Hawaii further expose him to Army logistics in the Pacific, broadening his operational expertise.
Through the Army's Green to Gold program, Sam earns a scholarship to pursue his officer’s degree. Now a senior Leadership Science major in ODU’s ROTC and set to commission in May 2026, Sam continues his upward trajectory. Drawing on his watercraft background, he selects logistics as his officer branch, aiming to leverage his experience to improve military operations and support to soldiers.
Sam receives his assignment notification after the traumatic March 12th shooting: he is slated to join the 25th Infantry Division at Schofield Barracks, Hawaii. He learns the news the day after the attack, at the start of spring break, bringing hope during a difficult time. This upcoming assignment becomes a significant, positive focus for Sam, helping him process his grief over Colonel Shaw's death as he looks forward to a meaningful future in Army logistics.
Despite ...
Sam's Military Path: Officer Commission & Future Service
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