100 Best Spanish Civil War Books of All Time

We've researched and ranked the best spanish civil war books in the world, based on recommendations from world experts, sales data, and millions of reader ratings. Learn more

Featuring recommendations from Emma Watson, Mona Eltahawy, Ben Shapiro, and 18 other experts.
1

Homage to Catalonia

In 1936 George Orwell travelled to Spain to report on the Civil War and instead joined the fight against the Fascists. This famous account describes the war and Orwell’s own experiences. Introduction by Lionel Trilling. less

Timothy SnyderThe reason why I am so fond of Homage to Catalonia, and see it as an even more relevant precursor to dissent, is that in it you can see a man of the Left learning to make the distinction that breaks down the Left with a big L into lots of little lefts. He comes to understand what Soviet power actually is, and that it is qualitatively different to the other sorts of Spanish left, or to European... (Source)

Ben ShapiroA lot of people have read Orwell's 1984, he actually wrote a book that's better. It's [this book]. (Source)

Timothy Garton AshAnyone who wants to go off and write about Egypt, Tunisia or Libya today should pack a copy of Homage to Catalonia. It’s brilliant reportage. As you know, it opens with a vignette of an Italian militiaman in the barracks in Barcelona and he only saw this guy for a few moments but it captures the excitement. (Source)

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2

For Whom the Bell Tolls

Hemingway's classic novel of the Spanish Civil War. In 1937 Ernest Hemingway traveled to Spain to cover the civil war; three years later he completed the greatest novel to emerge from "the good fight," For Whom the Bell Tolls. The story of Robert Jordan, a young American in the International Brigades, it tells of loyalty and courage, love and defeat, and the tragic death of an ideal. Surpassing his achievement in The Sun Also Rises and A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway creates a work at once rare and beautiful, strong and brutal, compassionate, moving and wise. "If the... more

Josh WaitzkinExquisite novel. (Source)

Jordan B PetersonFor Whom the Bell Tolls by Ernest Hemingway https://t.co/1DfwVoZDRJ, a book from my great books list https://t.co/AxBNX3QpMb (Source)

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3
From the acclaimed, best-selling author Adam Hochschild, a sweeping history of the Spanish Civil War, told through a dozen characters, including Ernest Hemingway and George Orwell: a  tale of idealism, heartbreaking suffering, and a noble cause that failed

For three crucial years in the 1930s, the Spanish Civil War dominated headlines in America and around the world, as volunteers flooded to Spain to help its democratic government fight off a fascist uprising led by Francisco Franco and aided by Hitler and Mussolini. Today we're accustomed to remembering the war through...
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Recommended by Jennifer M Harris, and 1 others.

Jennifer M HarrisHe tells a somewhat untold story of the involvement of US corporations. (Source)

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4
A fresh and acclaimed account of the Spanish Civil War by the bestselling author of Stalingrad and The Fall Of Berlin 1945

Beevor's Ardennes 1944: The Battle of the Bulge is now available from Viking Books 

To mark the 70th anniversary of the Spanish Civil War's outbreak, Antony Beevor has written a completely updated and revised account of one of the most bitter and hard-fought wars of the twentieth century. With new material gleaned from the Russian archives and numerous other sources, this brisk and accessible book (Spain's...
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5

The Spanish Civil War

Since its first publication, Hugh Thomas's The Spanish Civil War has become established as the definitive one-volume history of a conflict that continues to provoke intense controversy today.

What was it that roused left-wing sympathizers from all over the world to fight against Franco between 1936 and 1939? Why did the British and US governments refuse to intervene? And why did the Republican cause collapse so violently? Now revised and updated, Hugh Thomas's classic account presents the most objective and unbiased analysis of a passionate struggle where fascism and...
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Recommended by Paul Preston, and 1 others.

Paul PrestonIn my five choices I have included Helen Graham’s short, very precise and up-to-date scholarly essay on the war. So I thought that, given that these will be five books aimed at people starting to be interested in the Spanish Civil War or indeed people who we might want to get interested in the subject, it would be a good idea to have a big colourful account of the war. I was torn between Thomas’s... (Source)

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6

The Shadow of the Wind (The Cemetery of Forgotten Books, #1)

Barcelona, 1945: A city slowly heals from its war wounds, and Daniel, an antiquarian book dealer's son who mourns the loss of his mother, finds solace in a mysterious book entitled The Shadow of the Wind, by one Julian Carax. But when he sets out to find the author's other works, he makes a shocking discovery: someone has been systematically destroying every copy of every book Carax has written. In fact, Daniel may have the last of Carax's books in existence. Soon Daniel's seemingly innocent quest opens a door into one of Barcelona's darkest secrets--an epic story of murder, madness, and... more
Recommended by Emma Watson, and 1 others.

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7
Amid the many catastrophes of the twentieth century, the Spanish Civil War continues to exert a particular fascination among history buffs and the lay-reader alike. This Very Short Introduction integrates the political, social and cultural history of the Spanish Civil War. It sets out the domestic and international context of the war for a general readership. In addition to tracing the course of war, the book locates the war's origins in the cumulative social and cultural anxieties provoked by a process of rapid, uneven and accelerating modernism taking place all over Europe. This... more
Recommended by Paul Preston, and 1 others.

Paul PrestonI think Helen Graham is probably the most profound historian writing about the Spanish Civil War in the English language. This little book, an Oxford University Press paperback, which is a short introduction, is a remarkable work in that in a very short space she manages to deal with everything. Despite spending 40 years researching this subject myself, I found that it just glitters with... (Source)

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8
Paul Preston is the world's foremost historian of Spain. This surging history recounts the struggles of the 1936 war in which more than 3,000 Americans took up arms. Tracking the emergence of Francisco Franco's brutal (and, ultimately, extraordinarily durable) fascist dictatorship, Preston assesses the ways in which the Spanish Civil War presaged the Second World War that ensued so rapidly after it.


The attempted social revolution in Spain awakened progressive hopes during the Depression, but the conflict quickly escalated into a new and horrifying form of warfare. As Preston...
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9

A Long Petal of the Sea

From the New York Times bestselling author of The House of the Spirits comes an epic novel spanning decades and crossing continents, following two young people as they flee the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War in search of a new place to call home.

In the late 1930s, civil war gripped Spain. When General Franco and his Fascists succeed in overthrowing the government, hundreds of thousands are forced to flee in a treacherous journey over the mountains to the French border. Among them is Roser, a pregnant young widow, who finds her life irreversibly intertwined with that of Victor...
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10

Winter in Madrid

Fans of Carlos Ruiz Zafón’s The Shadow of the Wind and Sebastian Faulks’s Birdsong will fall in love with Winter in Madrid, the arresting new novel from C.J. Sansom. In September 1940, the Spanish Civil War is over and Madrid lies in ruins while the Germans continue their march through Europe. Britain stands alone as General Franco considers whether to abandon neutrality and enter the war.

Into this uncertain world comes Harry Brett, a privileged young man who was recently traumatized by his experience in Dunkirk and is now a reluctant spy for the British...
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11
"I was nineteen years old, still soft at the edges, but with a confident belief in good fortune. I carried a small rolled-up tent, a violin in a blanket, a change of clothes, a tin of treacle biscuits, and some cheese. I was excited, vain-glorious, knowing I had far to go; but not, as yet, how far." Despite this romantic and optimistic opening, what Lee finds is the most primitive and feudal country in Europe, a peninsula untouched by the modern world, a land of labor without dignity, a church devoid of compassion, and a country ripe for revolutionary change.

There is humor, love,...
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Recommended by Alastair Humphreys, Jason Webster, and 2 others.

Alastair HumphreysReading Laurie Lee was suddenly a very different perspective on adventure, because he was just a normal young guy. He was not very tough. He wasn’t very fit. He didn’t claim to be trying to do anything extraordinary. He was just out in the world, living vividly and being curious and I loved that, mostly because it sounded like me. Ever since I read As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning I thought... (Source)

Jason WebsterThe best book in terms of engaging with this dreamy and poetic truth at the heart of Spain. (Source)

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12

El tiempo entre costuras

An outstanding success around the world, The Time in Between has sold more than two million copies and inspired the Spanish television series based on the book, dubbed by the media as the "Spanish Downton Abbey." In the US it was a critical and commercial hit, and a New York Times bestseller in paperback.

La joven modista Sira Quiroga abandona el Madrid agitado de los meses previos al alzamiento arrastrada por el amor desbocado hacia un hombre a quien apenas conoce. Con él se instala en Tánger, una ciudad exótica y vibrante donde todo puede suceder. Incluso la...
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13

Soldados de Salamina

Un joven periodista topa por casualidad con una historia fascinante, y muy significativa, de la Guerra Civil española, y se propone reconstruirla. Cuando las tropas republicanas se retiran hacia la frontera francesa, camino del exilio, en el desorden de la desbandada alguien toma la decisión de fusilar a un grupo de presos franquistas. Entre ellos se halla Rafael Sánchez-Mazas, fundador e ideólogo de Falange, quizás uno de los responsables directos del conflicto fratricida. Pero Sánchez-Mazas no sólo logra escapar del fusilamiento colectivo, sino que, cuando los republicanos salen en su... more

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14

The Return

Beneath the majestic towers of the Alhambra, Granada's cobbled streets resonate with music and secrets. Sonia Cameron knows nothing of the city's shocking past; she is here to dance. But in a quiet café, a chance conversation and an intriguing collection of old photographs draw her into the extraordinary tale of Spain's devastating civil war.

Seventy years earlier, the café is home to the close-knit Ramírez family. In 1936, an army coup led by Franco shatters the country's fragile peace, and in the heart of Granada the family witnesses the worst atrocities of conflict. Divided by...
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15
"Whether or not you're a history buff, you'll be fully immersed in Vaill's chronicle of the band of journalists—including Ernest Hemingway and Martha Gellhorn—who covered the upheaval of the Spanish Civil War."—Entertainment Weekly

Madrid, 1936. In a city blasted by civil war, six people meet and find their lives changed forever. Ernest Hemingway, his career stalled, his marriage sour, hopes this war will give him fresh material and new romance; Martha Gellhorn, an ambitious novice journalist hungry for love and experience, thinks she will find both with Hemingway in...
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16
The remains of General Francisco Franco lie in an immense mausoleum near Madrid, built with the blood and sweat of twenty thousand slave laborers. His enemies, however, met less-exalted fates. Besides those killed on the battlefield, tens of thousands were officially executed between 1936 and 1945, and as many again became "non-persons." As Spain finally reclaims its historical memory, a full picture can now be given of the Spanish Holocaust-ranging from judicial murders to the abuse of women and children. The story of the victims of Franco's reign of terror is framed by the activities of... more

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17
The seminal history of Spanish anarchism: from its earliest inception to the organizations that claimed over two million members on the eve of the 1936 Revolution. Hailed as a masterpiece, it includes a new prefatory essay by the author.
"I've read The Spanish Anarchists with the excitement of learning something new. It's solidly researched, lucidly written, and admirably fair-minded... Murray Bookchin is that rare bird today, a historian." —Dwight MacDonald
"I have learned a great deal from this book. It is a rich and fascinating account... Most important, it has a wonderful...
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18

Los girasoles ciegos

Este libro es el regreso a las historias reales de la posguerra, que contaron en voz baja narradores que no querian contar cuentos sino hablar de sus amigos, de sus familiares desaparecidos, de ausencias irreparables. Son historias de los tiempos del silencio, cuando daba miedo que alguien supiera que sabias. Cuatro historias, sutilmente engarzadas entre si, contadas desde el mismo lenguaje pero con los estilos propios de narradores distintos que van perfilando la verdadera protagonista de esta narracion: la derrota. Todo lo que se narra aqui es verdad, pero nada de lo que se cuenta es... more

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19

Guernica

An extraordinary epic of love, family and war set in the Basque town of Guernica before, during, and after its destruction by the German Luftwaffe during the Spanish Civil War.

Calling to mind such timeless war-and-love classics as Corelli's Mandolin and The English Patient, Guernica is a transporting novel that thrums with the power of storytelling and is peopled with characters driven by grit and heart.

In 1935, Miguel Navarro finds himself in conflict with the Spanish Civil Guard, and flees the Basque fishing village of Lekeitio to make a new start in...
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20
The appearance, more than sixty years after the Spanish Civil War ended, of mass graves containing victims of Francisco Franco’s death squads finally broke what Spaniards call “the pact of forgetting”—the unwritten understanding that their recent, painful past was best left unexplored. At this charged moment, Giles Tremlett embarked on a journey around the country and through its history to discover why some of Europe’s most voluble people have kept silent so long.
 
Ghosts of Spain is the fascinating result of that journey. In elegant and passionate prose, Tremlett...
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21
Winter of the World picks up right where the first book left off, as its five interrelated families—American, German, Russian, English, Welsh—enter a time of enormous social, political, and economic turmoil, beginning with the rise of the Third Reich, through the Spanish Civil War and the great dramas of World War II, up to the explosions of the American and Soviet atomic bombs.

Carla von Ulrich, born of German and English parents, finds her life engulfed by the Nazi tide until she commits a deed of great courage and heartbreak. . . . American brothers Woody and Chuck Dewar, each with a...

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Recommended by Tudor Mihailescu, and 1 others.

Tudor MihailescuIt’s vacation time so I got brave enough to start a sizeable trilogy by Ken Follett, The Century (Fall of Giants, Winter of the World, Edge of Eternity). The only expectation I had was to enjoy a good story, take my mind off into a different space. And it delivers, it’s a nice blend of history and fiction, an absorbing story throughout 20th century. (Source)

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22
Cowards don’t make history; and the women of Mujeres Libres (Free Women) were no cowards. Courageous enough to create revolutionary change in their daily lives, Mujeres Libres mobilized over 20,000 women into an organized network to strive for community, education, and equality for women -during the Spanish Revolution. Martha Ackelsberg writes a comprehensive study of Mujeres Libres, intertwining interviews with the women themselves and analysis connecting them with modern feminist movements.

Martha Ackelsberg is a professor of government and a member of the Women’s Studies Program...
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23

A Dangerous Place (Maisie Dobbs, #11)

Maisie Dobbs returns in a powerful story of political intrigue and personal tragedy: a brutal murder in the British garrison town of Gilbraltar leads the investigator into a web of lies, deceit and danger

Spring 1937. In the four years since she left England, Maisie Dobbs has experienced love, contentment, stability—and the deepest tragedy a woman can endure. Now, all she wants is the peace she believes she might find by returning to India. But her sojourn in the hills of Darjeeling is cut short when her stepmother summons her home to England; her aging father Frankie Dobbs is not...
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24
This is a guide to Barcelona in the Spanish Civil War, beginning in the 19th century with the conditions and movements which led to the social revolution of 1936, and ending with the fall of the city on 26 January 1939 when Franco's tanks drove down the Diagonal and set about destroying everything the Republic and the revolutionaries had built. Stories from the aftermath of the war, the exile and the Franco regime are also included. In addition with dealing with the more obvious issues such as anarchism, the Spanish Republic, Catalonia, George Orwell, the aerial bombing, and the May Days,... more

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25
Based on a huge trove of diary and personal letter material regarding principally British and American, but also Russian and French, correspondents, 'We Saw Spain Die' tells of the courage and the skills of the men and women who wrote about what was happening in Spain during the Civil War. less

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26

Durruti in the Spanish Revolution

"Durruti was the ultimate working-class hero: carrying the future in his heart and a gun in each pocket. Abel Paz's magnificent biography resurrects the very soul of Spanish anarchism.”—Mike Davis, author of Planet of Slums

AK Press has commissioned an elegant, new and unabridged translation of the definitive biography of Spanish revolutionary and military strategist, Buenaventura Durruti. But Abel Paz, who fought alongside Durruti in the Spanish Civil War, has given us much more than an account of a single man’s life. Durruti in the Spanish Revolution is as much a...
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27
Featuring Hemingway's only full-length play, which--like the stories here--grew out of his experiences in and around a besieged Madrid, this volume brilliantly evokes the tumultuous years of the Spanish Civil War. These works, which grew from Hemingway's adventures as a newspaper correspondent in and around besieged Madrid, movingly portray the effects of war on soldiers, civilians, and the correspondents sent to cover it. less

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30

A Moment of War

Concludes the autobiographical trilogy begun in Cider with Rosie and As I Walked Out One Midsummer Morning. less

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31
From the Pulitzer Prize winning and bestselling author of The Making of the Atomic Bomb the remarkable story of the Spanish Civil War through the eyes of the reporters, writers, artists, doctors, and nurses who witnessed it. The Spanish Civil War inspired and haunted an extraordinary number of exceptional artists and writers, including Pablo Picasso, Joan Miro, Martha Gellhorn, Ernest Hemingway, George Orwell, and John Dos Passos. The idealism of the cause—defending democracy from fascism at a time when Europe was darkening toward another world war—and the brutality... more

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32
"El laberinto de los espíritus", es el desenlace de la saga de "El cementerio de los libros olvidados" que se inició en 2001 con "La sombra del viento" y continuó en 2008 con "El juego del ángel" y en 2011 con "El prisionero del cielo".

Elevadas por la crítica internacional a la categoría de clásico contemporáneo, las novelas de "El cementerio de los libros olvidados" se han convertido en uno de los universos literarios más apasionantes del nuevo siglo, y Carlos Ruiz Zafón en el escritor español más leído en todo el mundo después de Cervantes.
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33
We discover what civil war, revolution and counter-revolution actually felt like from inside both camps. The contours of the war take shape through the words of the eyewitnesses. The atmosphere of events is vividly recaptured. And though the lived experience of the participants is revealed the uniquely tragic essence of all civil war. 'Fascinating and brilliantly unorthodox. ' Hugh Thomas, author of THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO. less

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34

The Muse

A picture hides a thousand words . . .

On a hot July day in 1967, Odelle Bastien climbs the stone steps of the Skelton gallery in London, knowing that her life is about to change forever. Having struggled to find her place in the city since she arrived from Trinidad five years ago, she has been offered a job as a typist under the tutelage of the glamorous and enigmatic Marjorie Quick. But though Quick takes Odelle into her confidence, and unlocks a potential she didn't know she had, she remains a mystery - no more so than when a lost masterpiece with a secret history is delivered...
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35

The Face of War

This volume collects Gellhorn's global reportage from the Spanish Civil War to the current troubles in Central America. Whether recording the smell of summer grass over Normandy beaches or the suspended daily life of the mother of a "disappeared" Salvadoran, her passionate allegiance to truth shines throughout the work. less

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36

The Forging of a Rebel

Originally published in the late 1940s, and never before available in paperback in the United States, Arturo Barea's astonishing Spanish trilogy is both the autobiography of a man and the biography of a nation during the first four decades of the twentieth century, one of the most crucial periods in Spain's long history.

Arturo Barea was born into a poor family in Madrid in 1897 and spent his early years moving between the social and economic worlds of his beloved and widowed mother and a well-to-do aunt. Spain had just lost the last of its rich colonial possessions and was...
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37

Franco

A Biography

Generalissimo Francisco Franco, the Caudillo of Spain, was the most tenacious and most successful of twentieth-century Europe's great dictators. He is remembered widely as the astute general under whose leadership the Nationalist cause was victorious in the Spanish Civil War and the Communist threat exterminated, and as the head of state who skillfully negotiated safe passage for Spain through World War II, played Hitler off against the Allies, modernized his country, and orchestrated the Spanish economic miracle of the 1960s. By the time of his death in 1975, he had steered a unified Spain... more
Recommended by Carmen Callil, and 1 others.

Carmen CallilPaul Preston is another great British historian and his subject is Spain. This is the biography of Franco. What is so wonderful about it is that, generally speaking, the history of the last war for many decades in Britain is seen through the prism of what happened to Britain and America. And all the other countries that suffered so terribly in Europe were very much neglected. (Source)

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38

La voz dormida

Un grupo de mujeres, encarceladas en la madrileña prisión de Ventas, enarbola la bandera de la dignidad y el coraje como única arma posible para enfrentarse a la humillación, la tortura y la muerte.

Pocas novelas podemos calificar como imprescindibles. La voz dormida es una de ellas porque nos ayuda a bucear en el papel que las mujeres desempeñaron durante unos años decisivos para la historia de España. Relegadas al ámbito doméstico, decidieron asumir el protagonismo que la tradición les negaba para luchar por un mundo más justo. Unas en la retaguardia y las más osadas en la vanguardia...

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39

Los surcos del azar

A través de los recuerdos de Miguel Ruiz, republicano español exiliado en Francia, Paco Roca reconstruye la historia de La Nueve, una compañía a las órdenes del capitán Dronne integrada en la segunda división blindada del general Leclerc, y formada mayoritariamente por republicanos españoles. Una historia apasionante y olvidada sobre la contribución española en la Segunda Guerra Mundial.
La mayoría de los hombres que componían La Nueve tenían menos de 20 años cuando en 1936 cogieron las armas por primera vez para defender la República española. Ninguno sabía entonces que los...
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40

The Fountains of Silence

A portrait of love, silence, and secrets under a Spanish dictatorship.

Madrid, 1957. Under the fascist dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, Spain is hiding a dark secret. Meanwhile, tourists and foreign businessmen flood into Spain under the welcoming promise of sunshine and wine. Among them is eighteen-year-old Daniel Matheson, the son of an oil tycoon, who arrives in Madrid with his parents hoping to connect with the country of his mother's birth through the lens of his camera. Photography--and fate--introduce him to Ana, whose family's interweaving obstacles reveal...
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41
A sangre y fuego es el título de la serie de nueve relatos que Manuel Chaves Nogales (Sevilla, 1897-Londres, 1944) escribió sobre la Guerra Civil española. Periodista vocacional y paradigma del intelectual comprometido con su tiempo, el autor se aleja de la demagogia y del fácil maniqueísmo con que suele tratarse esta terrible época de nuestra historia, preocupándose más por el perfil humano de quienes sufrieron dicha contienda que por su faceta política. Es el deseo de imparcialidad el que provoca el estremecimiento en el lector: ni buenos ni malos, ni verdugos ni mártires; tan solo hay... more

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42

The Carpenter's Pencil

It is the summer of 1936, the early months of the agonising civil war that engulfs Spain and shakes the rest of the world. In a prison in the pilgrim city of Santiago de Compostela, an artist sketches the famous porch of the cathedral, the Portico da Gloria. He uses a carpenter's pencil. But instead of reproducing the sculptured faces of the prophets and elders, he draws the faces of his fellow Republican prisoners.

Many years later in post-Franco Spain, a survivor of that period, Doctor Daniel da Barca, returns from exile to his native Galicia, and the threads of past memories...
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43
In 1940, The Daily Telegraph correspondent Henry Buckley published his eyewitness account of his experiences reporting from the Spanish Civil War. The copies of the book, stored in a warehouse in London, were destroyed during the Blitz and only a handful of copies of his unique chronicle were saved. Now, 70 years after its first publication, this exceptional eyewitness account of the war is republished with a new introduction by Paul Preston. The Life and Death of the Spanish Republic is a unique account of Spanish politics throughout the entire life of the Second Republic,... more
Recommended by Paul Preston, and 1 others.

Paul PrestonThe book was published in 1940 and a few copies were distributed to reviewers but the bulk of the copies were in a warehouse that was hit during the Blitz. Maybe a few copies made it into bookshops but most of them were actually blown up. And because of wartime restrictions on paper, it wasn’t reprinted. It is one of the great rarities of Spanish Civil War literature. Although recently I have... (Source)

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44
This new analysis of the forces of the Spanish Leftist movement during the Civil War of 1936-9 makes two crucial propositions. It claims that the wartime responses and limitations of the movement can be understood only in relationship to its pre-war experiences, world views, organizational structures and the wider cultural context. It also asserts that the most significant influence on the evolution of the Republic between 1936 and 1939 was the war itself. less

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45
Thirty-five thousand people from across the world volunteered to join the armed resistance in a war on fascism. More people, proportionately, went from Scotland than any other country, and the entire nation was gripped by the conflict. What drove so many ordinary Scots to volunreer in a foreign war?

Their stories are powerfully and honestly told, often in their own words: the ordinary men and women who made their way to Spain over the Pyrenees when the UK government banned anyone from going to support either side; the nuses and ambulance personnel who discovered for themselves the...
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46

Réquiem por un campesino español

Réquiem por un campesino español recoge un dramático episodio de la guerra civil en un pueblecito aragonés. Mosén Millán se dispone a ofrecer una misa en sufragio del alma de un joven a quien había querido como a un hijo. Mientras aguarda a los asistentes, el cura reconstruye los hechos: el fracaso de su mediación, con la que creyó poder salvar al joven, pero que sólo sirvió para entregarlo a sus ejecutores. El relato es de una perfecta sobriedad y de una sencillez no por ello menos profunda y estremecedora. La narración sobrecoge por su ajustado realismo, por la eficacia de sus... more

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47

La colmena

La estructura externa está compuesta de seis capítulos y un epílogo. Cada capítulo consta de un número variable de secuencias de corta extensión, que desarrollan episodios que están mezclados con otros que ocurren simultáneamente. De esta manera el argumento se rompe en multitud de pequeñas anécdotas. Lo importante es la suma de las mismas, que conforma un conjunto de vidas cruzadas, como las celdas de una colmena.

El marco espacio-temporal es muy preciso: Madrid en unos días del año 1943, en plena posguerra. La historia se basa en un espacio novelesco reducido pero con bastantes...
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48

Anarchism and the City is a fascinating look at four decades of tension preceding the Spanish Civil War, and the actors in competition for control of social and economic space in the expanding industrial city of Barcelona—host to the largest anarchist movement in Europe's history. This history "from below" examines the burgeoning public sphere of working-class life and its relationship to the State, industrial bourgeoisie, and professional classes. Unemployment, rent strikes, and rising food prices are the backdrop to this laboratory of emergent urbanism.

Chris...

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49

El corazón helado

El día de su muerte, Julio Carrión, poderoso hombre de negocios cuya fortuna se remonta a los años del franquismo, deja a sus hijos una sustanciosa herencia pero también muchos puntos oscuros de su pasado y de su experiencia en la Guerra Civil y en la División Azul. En su entierro, en febrero de 2005, su hijo Álvaro, el único que no ha querido dedicarse a los negocios familiares, se sorprende por la presencia de una mujer joven y atractiva, a la que nadie había visto antes y que parece delatar aspectos desconocidos de la vida íntima de su padre. Raquel Fernández Perea, por su parte, hija y... more

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50

The Time of the Doves

Barcelona, early 1930s: Natalia, a pretty shop-girl from the working-class quarter of Gracia, is hesitant when a stranger asks her to dance at the fiesta in Diamond Square. But Joe is charming and forceful, and she takes his hand. They marry and soon have two children; for Natalia it is an awakening, both good and bad. When Joe decides to breed pigeons, the birds delight his son and daughter - and infuriate his wife. Then the Spanish Civil War erupts, and lays waste to the city and to their simple existence. Natalia remains in Barcelona, struggling to feed her family, while Joe goes to fight... more

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51
**** EXPORT AND IRELAND ONLY ****


The Spanish Civil War, which raged from 1936-9, was a brutal and intense war which claimed well over 500,000 lives. Rightly predicting that the rise of Fascism in Spain could develop into a more global conflict, almost 2500 British volunteers travelled to Spain under the banner of the International Brigade to fight for the Spanish Republic in an attempt to stem the tide.


Acclaimed oral historian Max Arthur has tracked down the eight survivors of this conflict, and interviewed them for their unique perspective, their memories...
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52

Golden Earrings

A powerful saga of family, love, honour and betrayal

You who judge me: come! Let me tell you a story …

Paloma Batton is the granddaughter of Spanish refugees who fled Barcelona after the Civil War. A disciplined student with the School of the Paris Opera Ballet, Paloma lets little get in the way of her career until she receives a visit from an otherworldly being who leaves her with a pair of golden earrings.
Sensing that she has been given a quest, Paloma begins exploring her own Spanish heritage and makes the connection between the visitor and ‘la Rusa’, a woman...
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54
For over half a century, the history of the Abraham Lincoln brigade—the 2,800 young Americans who volunteered to fight for the Spanish Republic against General Francisco Franco's rebellion in 1936—has been shrouded in myth, legend, and controversy. Now, for the fist time, we have a comprehensive, objective, and deeply researched account of the brigade's experience in Spain and what happened to the survivors when they returned to the United States. (About one-third of the volunteers died in Spain). The book is largely based on previously unused sources, including the newly opened Russian... more

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55
The Anarchist Collectives reveals a very different understanding of the nature of radical social change and the means of achieving it.

Sam Dolgoff, editor of the best anthology of Bakunin’s writings, has now produced an excellent documentary history of the Anarchist collective in Spain. Although there is a vast literature on the Spanish Civil War, this is the first book in English that is devoted to the experiments in workers’ self-management, both urban and rural, which constituted one of the most remarkable social revolutions in modern history. - Paul Avrich

The...
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56
An expert account of Nazi Germany's air war during the Spanish Civil War, where air power turned the tide for Franco and taught the Luftwaffe how to wage Blitzkrieg.

The bombing of Guernica has become a symbol of Nazi involvement in the Spanish Civil War, but the extent of the German commitment is often underestimated. The Luftwaffe sent 20,000 officers and men to Spain from 1936 to 1939, and the Condor Legion carried out many missions in support of the Spanish Nationalist forces and played a lead role in many key campaigns of the war. Aircraft that would...
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57

The Sun Also Rises

The quintessential novel of the Lost Generation, The Sun Also Rises is one of Ernest Hemingway’s masterpieces and a classic example of his spare but powerful writing style.

A poignant look at the disillusionment and angst of the post-World War I generation, the novel introduces two of Hemingway’s most unforgettable characters: Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley. The story follows the flamboyant Brett and the hapless Jake as they journey from the wild nightlife of 1920s Paris to the brutal bullfighting rings of Spain with a motley group of expatriates. First published in 1926,...
more
Recommended by Wai Chee Dimock, and 1 others.

Wai Chee DimockMany people don’t appreciate what a big commitment writing this novel was for Hemingway. He was used to writing short stories. It meant he had to spend a lot of time on one book that could have been spent more profitably writing short stories. Like many of Hemingway’s later novels, it is stitched together from shorter pieces – in this case, what he’d already written about Pamplona. (Source)

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58

Nada

Carmen Laforet’s Nada ranks among the most important literary works of post-Civil War Spain. Loosely based on the author’s own life, it is the story of an orphaned young woman who leaves her small town to attend university in war-ravaged Barcelona.

Residing amid genteel poverty in a mysterious house on Calle de Aribau, young Andrea falls in with a wealthy band of schoolmates who provide a rich counterpoint to the squalor of her home life. As experience overtakes innocence, Andrea gradually learns the disquieting truth about the people she shares her life with: her...
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59

Comrades

A brilliant new portrait of the Spanish Civil War from our greatest historian of Spain. 'Anyone interested in Spain will want this book.' Alan Massie, Daily Telegraph A bravura new interpretation of the course, causes and characters of the Spanish Civil War, still the twentieth century's bloodiest internal conflict. Analysis of the Civil War has always focused on victors and vanquished, but what of those who eschewed the struggle, those who stood apart from the carnage and chaos? Was there a Third Way? Starting at the extreme right of the political spectrum and moving across it to the extreme... more

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61
A Long Walk to Water begins as two stories, told in alternating sections, about a girl in Sudan in 2008 and a boy in Sudan in 1985. The girl, Nya, is fetching water from a pond that is two hours’ walk from her home: she makes two trips to the pond every day. The boy, Salva, becomes one of the "lost boys" of Sudan, refugees who cover the African continent on foot as they search for their families and for a safe place to stay. Enduring every hardship from loneliness to attack by armed rebels to contact with killer lions and crocodiles, Salva is a survivor, and his story goes on to... more

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62

Map best viewed on a tablet device.

An account of the Spanish civil war which portrays the struggles of the war, as well as discussing the wider implications of the revolution in the Republican zone, the emergence of brutal dictatorship on the nationalist side and the extent to which the Spanish war prefigured World War II.

No war in modern times has inflamed the passions of both ordinary people and intellectuals in the way that the conflict in Spain in 1936 did. The Spanish Civil War is burned into European consciousness, not simply because it prefigured the much larger world...

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63

The Moon Sister

From New York Times bestselling author and "remarkable reading phenomenon" (Lancashire Post) Lucinda Riley, The Moon Sister transports you to the grandeur of the remote Scottish Highlands and the gypsy caves of Granada, just as Spain descends into civil war, interweaving the stories of two women searching for their destinies, at the risk of potentially losing their chance at love.

Tiggy D'Apli�se spends her days experiencing the raw beauty of the Scottish Highlands doing a job she loves at a deer sanctuary. But when the sanctuary is...
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64
At the time of its occurrence, the Spanish Civil War epitomized for the Western world the confrontation of democracy, fascism, and communism. An entire generation of Englishmen and Americans felt a deeper emotional involvement in that war than in any other world event of their lifetimes, including the Second World War. On the Continent, its lessons, as interpreted by participants of many nationalities, have played an important role in the politics of both Western Europe and the People's Democracies. Everywhere in the Western world, readers of history have noted parallels between the Spanish... more

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65

The Spanish Civil War

Revolution and Counterrevolution

This monumental book offers a comprehensive history and analysis of Republican political life during the Spanish Civil War. Completed by Burnett Bolloten just before his death in 1987, The Spanish Civil War is the culmination of fifty years of dedicated and painstaking research. While Bolloten's earlier works -- The Grand Camouflage (1961) and The Spanish Revolution (1979) -- ended with the controversial events in May 1937, The Spanish Civil War covers the entire period from 1936 to 1939 and is the most exhaustive study on the subject in any language. It will be... more

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66

L'Espoir

Le pilote continuait son cercle, reprenait l'Alcazar à la tangente ; la bombe était tombée au milieu de la cour. Les obus de l'Alcazar suivaient l'avion, qui repassa, lança la seconde grosse bombe, repartit, s'approcha de nouveau. La main de nouveau dressée de Marcelino ne s'abaissa pas : dans la cour, des draps blancs venaient d'être étendus en toute hâte : l'Alcazar se rendait. Jaime et Pol boxaient de jubilation. Tout l'équipage trépignait dans la carlingue. Au ras des nuages apparut la chasse ennemie. less

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68

Love and Ruin

The bestselling author of The Paris Wife returns to the subject of Ernest Hemingway in a novel about his passionate, stormy marriage to Martha Gellhorn—a fiercely independent, ambitious young woman who would become one of the greatest war correspondents of the twentieth century
 
In 1937, twenty-eight-year-old Martha travels alone to Madrid to report on the atrocities of the Spanish Civil War and becomes drawn to the stories of ordinary people caught in devastating conflict. She also finds herself unexpectedly—and uncontrollably—falling in love with Hemingway, a man...
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69

The Anatomy of Fascism

What is fascism? Many authors have proposed definitions, but most fail to move beyond the abstract. The esteemed historian Robert O. Paxton answers this question for the first time by focusing on the concrete: what the fascists did, rather than what they said. From the first violent uniformed bands beating up “enemies of the state,” through Mussolini’s rise to power, to Germany’s fascist radicalization in World War II, Paxton shows clearly why fascists came to power in some countries and not others, and explores whether fascism could exist outside the early-twentieth-century European... more
Recommended by Ruth Ben-Ghiat, and 1 others.

Ruth Ben-GhiatPaxton set out to look at what fascists do, not what they say. He’s very good at mapping the geography of power, and what I call the ‘authoritarian bargains’ among groups, parties, organs of the state and leaders. (Source)

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70

Slightly Out of Focus

In 1942, a dashing young man who liked nothing so much as a heated game of poker, a good bottle of scotch, and the company of a pretty girl hopped a merchant ship to England. He was Robert Capa, the brilliant and daring photojournalist, and Collier's magazine had put him on assignment to photograph the war raging in Europe. In these pages, Capa recounts his terrifying journey through the darkest battles of World War II and shares his memories of the men and women of the Allied forces who befriended, amused, and captivated him along the way. His photographs are masterpieces -- John G. Morris,... more

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71
Tras la victoria de Franco, el doctor Guillermo García Medina sigue viviendo en Madrid bajo una identidad falsa. La documentación que lo libró del paredón fue un regalo de su mejor amigo, Manuel Arroyo Benítez, un diplomático republicano al que salvó la vida en 1937. Cree que nunca volverá a verlo, pero en septiembre de 1946, Manuel vuelve del exilio con una misión secreta y peligrosa. Pretende infiltrarse en una organización clandestina, la red de evasión de criminales de guerra y prófugos del Tercer Reich que dirige desde el barrio de Argüelles una mujer alemana y española, nazi y... more

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72

The Spanish Civil War

1936–1939

The Spanish Civil War of 1936-39 was of enormous international as well as national significance. In this gripping volume, Frances Lannon explains how this internal conflict between democracy and its enemies escalated to involve Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, and the Soviet Union. We go behind the scenes to find out the true story of the bitter fighting within the sides, not just between them. The experiences of the men and women caught up in the fighting are highlighted. For them, and for a world on the brink of the Second World War, the stakes were agonisingly high. less

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73

Spanish Civil War Tanks

The Proving Ground for Blitzkrieg

The tanks used during the Spanish Civil War are not often examined in any great detail, and are often labeled as little more than test vehicles in a convenient proving ground before World War II. But, with groundbreaking research, armor expert Steven J Zaloga has taken a fresh look at the tanks deployed in Spain, examining how future tanks and armored tactics were shaped and honed by the crews' experiences, and how Germany was able to benefit from these lessons while their Soviet opponents were not.

Based on recently uncovered records of Soviet tankers in Spain and rare archival...
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74

The Guardian of Secrets

Librarian Note: Alternate Cover Edition for ASIN: B00PE7GA3U.

After fleeing from an abusive husband accused of murder, Celia Merrill becomes embroiled in a Spanish Civil War.

Celia's two sons march under opposing banners, whilst her twin daughters take different paths; one to the Catholic Church and the other to the battlefields. And in the shadow of war, a sinister villain from the past resurfaces with the sole purpose of destroying the entire family.
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75
The Landmark Julius Caesar is the definitive edition of the five works that chronicle the mil-itary campaigns of Julius Caesar. Together, these five narratives present a comprehensive picture of military and political developments leading to the collapse of the Roman republic and the advent of the Roman Empire.

The Gallic War is Caesar's own account of his two invasions of Britain and of conquering most of what is today France, Belgium, and Switzerland. The Civil War describes the conflict in the following year which, after the death of his chief rival, Pompey,...
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76
Written during and immediately after the Spanish Civil War, this classic account of its background represents a struggle to see issues in Spanish politics objectively, despite the author's personal involvment. less

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77
..".not only a model of what the study of revolution should be, but one of the best books ever published on Spain."--"Gerald Brenan." "Borkenau went to see the Spanish Civil War with his own eyes and consulted nobody but his own integrity when he wrote what he saw."--"Dame Rebecca West."
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78
Barcelona, 1957. It is Christmas, and Daniel Sempere and his wife, Bea, have much to celebrate. They have a beautiful new baby son named Julián, and their close friend Fermín Romero de Torres is about to be wed. But their joy is eclipsed when a mysterious stranger visits the Sempere bookshop and threatens to divulge a terrible secret that has been buried for two decades in the city’s dark past.

His appearance plunges Fermín and Daniel into a dangerous adventure that will take them back to the 1940s and the early days of Franco’s dictatorship. The terrifying events of that time...
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79
The Iron Column was one of the legendary anarchist fighting units in the Spanish Revolution, famed because it was partly made up of ex-convicts, and because of its ferocious military abilities, and anarchist revolutionary fervor. This account first appeared in Nosotros, the daily newspaper of the Iron Column in March 1937, on the eve of its militarization. It serves as not only a moving personal account from one of its members, but a justification, and defence of the Column and its reputation. "And History will say that the Iron Column was perhaps the only column in Spain that had a clear... more

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80

Robert Capa: Heart of Spain

Robert Capa's Photographs of the Spanish Civil War

In 1936, the rebellion of monarchists and fascists led by General Franco, in alliance with Hitler and Mussolini, mobilized anti-fascists all over the world, among them Robert Capa. During the entire period of the war, Capa traveled throughout the Loyalist-held areas of Spain photographing battles, cities under siege and the chaos of a modern nation at war with itself. One series of images documents the heroic Loyalist defense of Madrid; another the mass exodus of Catalonians from Barcelona to the French border. His iconic photograph of a Loyalist militiaman who has just been shot shocked the... more

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81
The Spanish Civil War: A Military History takes a new, military approach to the conflict that tore Spain apart from 1936 to 1939.

In many histories, the war has been treated as a primarily political event with the military narrative subsumed into a much broader picture of the Spain of 1936-9 in which the chief themes are revolution and counter-revolution. While remaining conscious of the politics of the struggle, this book looks at the war as above all a military event, and as one in whose outbreak specifically military issues - particularly the split in the armed forces...
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82

The Spanish Civil War

Here is a clear introductory overview and critical evaluation of the debates and recent published research on the origins, outbreak, course and implications of the Spanish Civil War. Andy Durgan covers the causes of the war, the course of the conflict itself, the impact of foreign powers and the internationalism of the conflict, the socio-political situation in the opposing zones, the reasons for Republican failure and Nationalist success and the nature of the emerging Franco regime.
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83
Not for King or Country tells the story of Edward Cecil-Smith, a dynamic propagandist for the Communist Party of Canada during the Great Depression. Born to missionary parents in China in 1903, Cecil-Smith came to Toronto in 1919 where he joined the Canadian militia and lived a happy life ensconced in the Protestant missionary community of Toronto. He became increasingly interested in radical politics during the 1920s, eventually joining the Communist Party in 1931. Worried by the growing strength of fascism around the world, particularly in China, Germany, Italy, and Spain during... more

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84

On Anarchism

We all know what Noam Chomsky is against. His scathing analysis of everything that’s wrong with our society reaches more and more people every day. His brilliant critiques of—among other things—capitalism, imperialism, domestic repression and government propaganda have become mini-publishing industries unto themselves. But, in this flood of publishing and republishing, very little ever gets said about what exactly Chomsky stands for, his own personal politics, his vision of the future.

Not, that is, until Chomsky on Anarchism, a groundbreaking new book that shows a different...
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85
As in his acclaimed Duende and Andalus, Jason Webster journeys across Spain, this time to explore the lasting effects of the Spanish Civil War. Could the divisions that led to the conflict still be simmering under the surface, and is it possible they could erupt again?


From the Hardcover edition.
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86

Love and Revolutionary Greetings

Description: Love and Revolutionary Greetings: An Ohio Boy in the Spanish Civil War is the story of Sam Levinger, a young man who went to Spain in 1937 to join the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Civil war raged in Spain as the fascist army of Francisco Franco sought to overthrow the democratically elected Republic. Levinger, a dedicated idealist, made the commitment to go to a foreign country to fight fascism. Love and Revolutionary Greetings is placed in the historical context of the 1930s, when freedom everywhere was threatened by Franco, Hitler, and Mussolini. The book is based on Sam Levinger's... more

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87

Sostiene Pereira

Lisboa, 1938. En una Europa recorrida por el fantasma de los totalitarismos, Pereira, un periodista dedicado durante toda su vida a la sección de sucesos, recibe el encargo de dirigir la página cultural de un mediocre periódico. Pereira tiene un sentido un tanto fúnebre de la cultura y prefiere la literatura del pasado. Necesitado de un colaborador, contacta con el joven Monteiro Rossi. Y la intensa relación que se establece entre el viejo periodista, Monteiro y su novia Marta cristalizará en una crisis personal, una maduración interior y una dolorosa toma de conciencia que transformará... more

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88

Hons and Rebels

Jessica Mitford, the great muckraking journalist, was part of a legendary English aristocratic family. Her sisters included Nancy, doyenne of the 1920s London smart set and a noted novelist and biographer; Diana, wife to the English fascist chief Sir Oswald Mosley; Unity, who fell head over in heels in love with Hitler; and Deborah, later the Duchess of Devonshire. Jessica swung left and moved to America, where she took part in the civil rights movement and wrote her classic expose of the undertaking business, The American Way of Death.

Hons and Rebels is the hugely...
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89
While the rumblings of oncoming war shook a divided Spain, Norman Lewis and his brother-in-law Eugene Corvaja traveled through the Spanish countryside to the family tomb in Seville. Nearly seventy years later, in prose that is witty, understated, and poignant, Lewis describes the duo's travels first to Madrid, then through the bloody insurrection of October '34, and finally via the length of Portugal to Seville. Once there, they find the Corvaja tomb, but it is nothing like they expected. In this, his last book before his death in 2003, Lewis conjures up the country he returned to time and... more

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90

Why I Write

Whether puncturing the lies of politicians, wittily dissecting the English character or telling unpalatable truths about war, Orwell's timeless, uncompromising essays are more relevant, entertaining and essential than ever in today's era of spin. less

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91
Nino, hijo de guardia civil, tiene nueve años, vive en la casa cuartel de un pueblo de la Sierra Sur de Jaén, y nunca podrá olvidar el verano de 1947. Pepe el Portugués, el forastero misterioso, fascinante, que acaba de instalarse en un molino apartado, se convierte en su amigo y su modelo, el hombre en el que le gustaría convertirse alguna vez. Mientras pasan juntos las tardes a la orilla del río, Nino se jurará a sí mismo que nunca será guardia civil como su padre, y comenzará a recibir clases de mecanografía en el cortijo de las Rubias, donde una familia de mujeres solas, viudas y... more

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92
Considered by many critics to be the greatest novel about the Spanish Civil War, this classic work by Spaniard Jose Maria Gironella is an unbiased account of the complicated events, movements and personalities that led up to the war. Beginning in 1931, Cypresses covers the next five years of political unrest, culminating in the explosion of the brutal war that wreaked such great havoc on Spain and its citizens. In his epic novel, both gripping and suspenseful, Gironella deftly portrays the human conflict, both internal and external. The most influential philosophical movements of the 20th... more

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93
This book provides a compelling and vivid account of British involvement in the Spanish Civil War, examining the experience of the British volunteers in the International Brigades, and placing them in a broad intellectual, political, social, and cultural framework. Incorporating some familiar and many new voices of a turbulent decade, it analyzes the manner in which British men and women conceptualized their engagement with the political issues of their time—whether they were Oxbridge aesthetes or militants from the factories, the mines, and the ranks of the unemployed.

The event...
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94

DARK AND BLOODY GROUND

A Guerrilla Diary of the Spanish Civil War

In 1938, twenty-one year old Francisco Perez Lopez, born in Spain and raised in France and Algeria, joined the International Brigades to fight the Nationalist armies of Franco and became part of the bloodiest guerrilla war in Spanish history. His feats were remarkable. As the commander of the Brigades' First Death Platoon, as a jack-of-all-trades prisoner, and as the feared and admired guerrilla leader El Mexicano, Perez Lopez performed exploits that grew and spread in reputation throughout Spain --- until he became a legend. less

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95
When a Nationalist military uprising was launched in Spain in July 1936, the Spanish Republic’s desperate pleas for assistance from the leaders of Britain and France fell on deaf ears. Appalled at the prospect of another European democracy succumbing to fascism, volunteers from across the Continent and beyond flocked to Spain’s aid, many to join the International Brigades. More than 2,500 of these men and women came from Britain, Ireland and the Commonwealth, and contrary to popular myth theirs was not an army of adventurers, poets and public school idealists. Overwhelmingly they hailed from... more

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96
After meeting for the first time on the front lines of World War I, two aspiring writers forge an intense twenty-year friendship and write some of America's greatest novels, giving voice to a "lost generation" shaken by war.

Eager to find his way in life and words, John Dos Passos first witnessed the horror of trench warfare in France as a volunteer ambulance driver retrieving the dead and seriously wounded from the front line. Later in the war, he briefly met another young writer, Ernest Hemingway, who was just arriving for his service in the ambulance corps. When the war...
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97

Stone in a Landslide

Peirene simply fell in love with the narrative voice of this beautiful love story. A voice totally free of anger and bitterness, a voice of someone who just tried to ride the waves to her best ability. It's a calming and rare voice in these times of recessionary gloom.

Of course, a voice needs substance. Here you go: loss, love, life, guilt, hate, history, war and death. This little book covers it all, including an entire century and a complete life. When I finished reading it I felt as if there was nothing more to say.

Admittedly, on the surface it sounds like any old...
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98

In 1937 a group of idealistic British volunteers sailed from England to fight thedark threat of dictatorship in Spain. In the olive groves of Jarama they achieved the first victory against Franco’s army. It was Fascism’s first defeat. Hardly remembered today, it was possibly the crucial military turning point of the 20th century. For the first time, Ben Hughes reconstructs the battle in a vivid blow-by-blow account, and considers its fascinating aftermath. This near forgotten struggle, which took place in February 1937 south of Madrid, proved for the firsttime that fascism and its ilk,...

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99

Bay of Secrets

Spain, 1939.

Following the wishes of her parents to keep her safe during the war, a young girl, Julia, enters a convent in Barcelona. Looking for a way to maintain her links to the outside world, she volunteers to help in a maternity clinic. But worrying adoption practices in the clinic force Sister Julia to decide how far she will go to help those placed in her care.

England, 2011.

Six months after her parents' shocking death, 34-year-old journalist and jazz enthusiast Ruby Rae has finally found the strength to pack away their possessions and sell the family...
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100
"Magnificent."—Paul Preston, author of The Spanish Holocaust

Brick maker by trade, revolutionary anarchist and historian by default; this is a study of the life of José Peirats (1908–1989) and the labor union that gave him life, the CNT. It is the biography of an individual but also of a collective agent—the working class Peirats was born into—and the affective ties of kinship, friendship, and community that cemented into a movement, the most powerful of its type in the world.

Chris Ealham is the author of Anarchism and the City: Revolution and...
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