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In There's No Such Thing as "Naughty", Kate Silverton argues that children under five aren't "naughty"—they're just learning to manage their emotions. She explains that their brains are still developing, and they need our help to understand and control their feelings. By responding with empathy and understanding, we can help them grow into emotionally healthy adults.

Silverton is a journalist, broadcaster, and child therapist....

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There's No Such Thing as 'Naughty' Summary Understanding Children’s Brains and Feelings

In this section, Silverton outlines the role of brain systems in kids' behavior and emotional development. She explains how stress and attachment affect child development.

Brain Systems & Behavioural Drivers

Silverton begins by pointing out that kids' brains are continuing to mature, which affects their behavior and perception. The human brain continues maturing until roughly age 25, meaning that kids under five still have significantly developing brains. Knowing how children's brains grow is vital to guiding them to a happy life.

(Shortform note: One way that the brain’s continued maturing affects children’s behavior and perception is through synaptic pruning. In Inventing Ourselves, Sarah-Jayne Blakemore explains that the brain undergoes a process of synaptic pruning during adolescence, which continues into the mid-twenties. This process involves the elimination of unused neural connections and the strengthening of frequently used ones.)

Silverton also emphasizes that the brain's development in the early stages is crucial for long-term wellness and learning. The brain develops rapidly in the initial two years, doubling in...

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There's No Such Thing as 'Naughty' Summary Responding Like a Sage Parent

Silverton suggests using your "wise owl" brain to help your child regulate their emotions. Children have yet to develop a wise owl. They require time to grow and develop it, and they can’t manage their intense emotions, so you must assist them. When you model calm behavior, your child will learn to trust you to assist them with their emotions.

(Shortform note: The “wise owl” is part of a larger movement in child development to use brain-based parenting. This approach uses research on executive functions to create simple metaphors and stories that families can use in everyday conversations.)

In this section, we'll explore responding to your child’s distress with empathy and understanding. We’ll also discuss how to share meaningful experiences with your kids to improve their wellbeing.

Responding Immediately

Silverton advises responding to your child’s distress with empathy and understanding. This helps them relax and feel a bond with you, which strengthens your relationship and supports their development of skills for emotional regulation. It also teaches them empathy, which is essential for their social...

There's No Such Thing as 'Naughty'

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Shortform Exercise: Exploring Brain Development and Behavior in Young Children

Consider how the developing brain influences the behavior of children under five and their ability to manage emotions.


How might the developing "lizard" brain in children under five affect their responses to stress?

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