Book SummaryLearn Like a Polymath, by Peter Hollins

1-Page Summary1-Page Book Summary of Learn Like a Polymath

Defining and Dissecting the Polymath

This chapter delves into the concept of polymathy and deconstructs common misconceptions surrounding the idea. Rather than possessing superhuman intelligence or superior brains, polymaths are individuals who have cultivated a specific mindset and skillset that allows them to excel across various disciplines.

Flawed Traditional and Biological Views of Polymathy

Hollins challenges two prevailing theories on polymaths that he believes are inaccurate and unhelpful. They are tempting because they seem to have a scientific basis and make sense on the surface, but ultimately do not help you understand how to achieve polymathy yourself.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory Lacks Evidence; Biological View Wrongly Assumes Specific Brain Regions Control Discrete Functions

Hollins dissects Howard Gardner's idea that people have distinct types of intelligence such as musical, spatial, and linguistic. He argues that this theory, while popular, lacks strong scientific evidence and struggles to define and measure these intelligences effectively. He points to research that shows high correlations between different types, suggesting that they are not as distinct as Gardner claims they are.

Hollins also argues that the biological perspective, which attributes skills of a polymath to exceptionally advanced brains with specialized regions for particular tasks, is flawed. He criticizes the simplistic idea that certain brain parts exclusively handle particular tasks, citing music listening, which involves almost the entire brain. He also highlights that brain development is largely predetermined, leaving little room for intentionally cultivating polymathy.

Other Perspectives

• The theory's focus on a broader range of skills and competencies is in line with the needs of a complex, modern society that values diverse talents and abilities.
• Some educational psychologists argue that Gardner's intelligences can be observed in different learning styles and preferences, providing a qualitative framework for understanding how individuals engage with information.
• The existence of prodigies and individuals with savant syndrome, who exhibit extraordinary abilities in one area while being average or...

Learn Like a Polymath Summary Methods for Building Cross-Disciplinary Expertise

Hollins focuses on practical strategies you can implement in your own learning to enhance your abilities to retain knowledge, form deeper connections, and utilize your new understanding across various situations.

Transferring Knowledge Is Vital for Polymathic Abilities

Hollins highlights the importance of knowledge transference in developing polymathic abilities. He argues that learning involves more than gaining a wealth of information in one area, but also applying it in other situations.

How Various Transfer Methods Impact Learning and Building Skills

Hollins presents various kinds of knowledge transfers, each with unique features that impact learning and skill acquisition. They include:

Positive Transfers: This type occurs when your existing knowledge positively influences learning in another context. As an illustration, studying basic math can assist in mastering advanced calculus.

Negative Transfers: The opposite of a positive transfer, this occurs when knowledge from one context interferes with learning in another. For instance, if your first driving experience was with a left-sided car, you're more likely to struggle learning to operate a right-sided one...

Learn Like a Polymath Summary The Perspective and Habits of Successful Polymaths

Hollins moves beyond specific strategies, focusing on the underlying mindset that cultivates successful polymathy. Rather than merely imitating the expertise of well-known polymaths, he encourages aspiring individuals to focus on cultivating the essential attitudes and habits that drive their success. He calls this learning to “think” like a polymath, as opposed to understanding “what” they think about.

Polymaths Are Receptive, Adaptable, and Eager to Experiment

Hollins highlights that polymaths are not defined by specific fields or knowledge but by a distinct mindset characterized by open-mindedness, adaptability, and a willingness to experiment. They view guidelines and limitations as temporary, constantly seeking fresh understanding and engaging with unfamiliar terrains.

Provisional Rules: Embrace Uncertainty and Defeat

Hollins argues that polymaths have a beneficial irreverence toward rules and are comfortable navigating uncertainty. They understand that rules are often subjective and impermanent, readily embracing change and challenging conventional wisdom. This adaptability allows them to flourish in dynamic environments and seize opportunities otherwise...

Shortform Exercise: The Polymathic Mindset

Explore how adopting a polymathic mindset can influence your approach to learning and creativity.

How do you view guidelines and limitations in your learning? Consider a recent instance where you followed or broke a rule in a learning situation.