Podcasts > NPR's Book of the Day > A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

By NPR (podcasts@npr.org)

In this episode of NPR's Book of the Day, Reid Pegram's life in the WWII era is examined through the lens of his identity as a Black, queer academic. With the support of his grandmother Laura Reed, who worked as a janitress in Boston, Pegram excelled academically at Boston Latin School and Harvard, where he developed a passion for French culture and literature that led him to Paris in 1938.

The episode explores how Pegram found greater personal freedom in Europe, where he met Danish artist Arne Hofmann and began a relationship that would influence his decision to remain abroad as WWII approached. Their story encompasses their experiences in Italy during the war, including time in a concentration camp, and the challenges they faced due to their relationship—challenges that ultimately contributed to Pegram's institutionalization and derailed his academic aspirations.

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A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

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A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

1-Page Summary

Pegram's Early Life, Supportive Grandmother, and Education

Reid Pegram's journey began at Boston Latin School, where his academic achievements were consistently noted with references to his racial identity, reflecting the era's prevalent bias. His grandmother, Laura Reed, played a pivotal role in his education despite having only a third-grade education herself. After moving from Virginia to Boston, she worked as a janitress and, with the help of her employers, secured recommendations that helped Pegram gain admission to Harvard.

Pegram's Time in Paris, Freedom, and Relationship With Arne Hofmann

Pegram's deep fascination with French culture and literature, demonstrated through his Harvard thesis comparing French literary works, led him to Paris in 1938. In France, he found the freedom to embrace his identity more fully than he could in the United States. During his stay, Pegram met Danish artist Arne Hofmann, beginning a relationship that would lead him to remain in Europe as World War II approached. The couple moved to Italy, where they stayed throughout the war years.

Pegram's Struggles, Including Institutionalization and Electroshock Therapy

During the war, Pegram and Hofmann faced severe challenges in Italy, including time in a concentration camp and subsequent separation by Florence authorities due to their living arrangement as two men. Their story caught the attention of African American troops from the 92nd Infantry. The combined impact of racism, homophobia, and war ultimately derailed Pegram's promising career aspirations. He spent four years at Medfield State Hospital undergoing electroshock therapy, relied financially on his grandmother, and never achieved his dream of becoming a university professor. The inability to legally marry Hofmann prevented them from settling together in the United States, further complicating their circumstances.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can explore your own family's educational history by creating a visual timeline that includes the challenges and triumphs they faced. Start by interviewing older relatives to gather stories and use online resources or public records to fill in gaps. This can help you appreciate the sacrifices made for education in your family and understand how historical biases may have shaped their experiences.
  • Engage with a different culture through language and literature by starting a book club focused on translated works. Choose books from various cultures and time periods, and discuss them with friends or community members. This can broaden your perspective and foster a deeper appreciation for global literary contributions, much like Pegram's interest in French culture.
  • You can support inclusivity by volunteering with organizations that advocate for marginalized communities. Look for local groups that work with LGBTQ+ individuals or racial minorities and offer your time or skills. This could involve anything from helping with administrative tasks to participating in community outreach programs, reflecting the solidarity shown by the 92nd Infantry towards Pegram and Hofmann.

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A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

Pegram's Early Life, Supportive Grandmother, and Education

An exploration into Reid Pegram's younger years reveals a journey marked by academic triumphs and the profound impact of his grandmother, Laura Reed, who played a crucial role in his educational pursuits.

Reid Pegram's Background

“Pegram’s Boston Latin School Achievements Often Noted Racial Bias With 'Black American' References”

Reid Pegram excelled at Boston Latin School, a school known for its rigorous standards and distinguished history. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, the recognition he received was frequently tainted with the reminder of his racial identity. Whenever his Harvard professors or headmaster bestowed accolades, they seemed compelled to mention that he was a black American, spotlighting the racial bias of the times.

Pegram's Grandmother, Laura Reed, Supported His Educational Opportunities

Despite a Third-Grade Education, Laura Reed Worked to Support Her Grandson's Harvard Admission

Laura Reed, a resilient figure in Reid Pegram's life, left Virginia for Boston by herself with her young daughter following the death of her husband, a journey predating the Great Migration of the late 1800s. To make ends meet, Laura took on the role of a janitress and cleaned the homes of well-to-do families in Dorchester.

Desp ...

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Pegram's Early Life, Supportive Grandmother, and Education

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can recognize the unsung heroes in your family by documenting their stories and sharing them with younger generations. Start by interviewing older relatives to capture their life experiences, struggles, and triumphs, then compile these into a written, audio, or video format. This could be as simple as recording a conversation on your phone or writing a blog post to preserve and honor their legacy.
  • Create a mentorship chain by offering guidance to someone younger or less experienced in your community. Reflect on the support you've received in your life and pay it forward by helping a student with their studies, offering career advice, or simply being a supportive figure. You might volunteer at a local school, join a community program, or just be there to listen and encourage someone in your neighborhood.
  • Advocate for inclusivity in recognition by starting a local initiative that celeb ...

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A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

Pegram's Time in Paris, Freedom, and Relationship With Arne Hofmann

Reid Pegram's time in Paris is a remarkable story of self-discovery, cultural fascination, and romantic love, which eventually led him to remain in Europe during the darkest days of World War II.

Pegram’s Fascination With French Culture Led To 1938 Paris Scholarship

Reid Pegram developed an intense fascination with French culture, literature, and music. His thesis at Harvard, which drew comparisons between "Sentimental Education" and "Madame Bovary," showcased his deep appreciation for French literary works. Pegram’s proficiency in the French language, noted for its native-like quality, stemmed from his extensive coursework and passion for the culture. This proficiency and interest opened the opportunity for him to pursue further opportunities in Paris.

Pegram Reinvents in Paris, Freely Embracing Identity and Passions Absent U.S. Constraints

While in the City of Light, Pegram was able to reinvent himself, throwing himself into his passions and embracing his identity more freely than he could have in the United States. France provided him a space devoid of the constraints he felt back home.

Pegram’s Paris Visit Led to Relationship With Danish Artist, Arne Hofmann, Resulting In European Stay During War

At the culmination of his stay in France, Pegram met Arne Hofmann, a young Danish arti ...

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Pegram's Time in Paris, Freedom, and Relationship With Arne Hofmann

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • Dive into a new culture by starting a themed book club that focuses on literature from that culture, like French novels, to deepen your understanding and appreciation.
  • By reading and discussing books from a specific culture with others, you can gain insights into the nuances of that culture's perspectives and values. For example, if you're intrigued by French culture, you could read and discuss works by authors like Gustave Flaubert or contemporary French writers, fostering a community of like-minded enthusiasts.
  • Enhance your language skills by organizing a language exchange meetup in your local community or online.
  • This allows you to practice speaking with native speakers or other learners in a relaxed setting. You could pair up with someone who wants to learn your language while you learn theirs, creating a mutually beneficial learning environment. For instance, if you're learning French, find a French speaker who's interested in learning English.
  • Create a personal blog or vlog documenting your journey of cult ...

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A new book focuses on a queer, Black, WWII-era translator who risked safety for love

Pegram's Struggles, Including Institutionalization and Electroshock Therapy

Reed Pegram faced numerous adversities including racism, homophobia, and war, which ultimately thwarted his professional and personal ambitions and led to a period of institutionalization.

War Challenges Faced by Pegram and Hofmann

During World War II, Pegram and Hofmann found themselves in dire circumstances in Italy. They struggled immensely when Hofmann was unable to secure a visa to the United States. Their situation became so desperate that they were placed in a concentration camp for several months. Even after their release, their hardships continued as Pegram and Hofmann wandered the countryside in search of stability.

Post-Camp Hardships Faced by Pegram and Hofmann

Pegram and Hofmann's post-camp life was fraught with difficulty. The authorities in Florence separated them because they lived together as two men sharing one room and bed, highlighting the pervasive homophobia of the time. Their struggles caught the attention of African American troops from the 92nd Infantry and embedded reporters, who documented their story and took photographs.

Pegram's Promising Life Was Marred by Racism, Homophobia, and War, Thwarting His Ambitions

Pegram’s life, once full of promise, was irreparably marred by the compounded effects of racism and homophobia. He spent four years at Medfield State Hospital, where he un ...

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Pegram's Struggles, Including Institutionalization and Electroshock Therapy

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • You can deepen your understanding of historical social issues by creating a personal journal where you reflect on the experiences of individuals like Pegram and Hofmann. Write about how their challenges might parallel current events or personal observations in your own life, fostering empathy and awareness of ongoing social issues.
  • Enhance your awareness of the long-term effects of discrimination by volunteering with organizations that support marginalized communities. Through this, you'll gain firsthand experience with the systemic challenges people face and contribute to creating a more inclusive society.
  • Educate yourself on ...

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