In this episode of NPR's Book of the Day, Reid Pegram's life in the WWII era is examined through the lens of his identity as a Black, queer academic. With the support of his grandmother Laura Reed, who worked as a janitress in Boston, Pegram excelled academically at Boston Latin School and Harvard, where he developed a passion for French culture and literature that led him to Paris in 1938.
The episode explores how Pegram found greater personal freedom in Europe, where he met Danish artist Arne Hofmann and began a relationship that would influence his decision to remain abroad as WWII approached. Their story encompasses their experiences in Italy during the war, including time in a concentration camp, and the challenges they faced due to their relationship—challenges that ultimately contributed to Pegram's institutionalization and derailed his academic aspirations.

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Reid Pegram's journey began at Boston Latin School, where his academic achievements were consistently noted with references to his racial identity, reflecting the era's prevalent bias. His grandmother, Laura Reed, played a pivotal role in his education despite having only a third-grade education herself. After moving from Virginia to Boston, she worked as a janitress and, with the help of her employers, secured recommendations that helped Pegram gain admission to Harvard.
Pegram's deep fascination with French culture and literature, demonstrated through his Harvard thesis comparing French literary works, led him to Paris in 1938. In France, he found the freedom to embrace his identity more fully than he could in the United States. During his stay, Pegram met Danish artist Arne Hofmann, beginning a relationship that would lead him to remain in Europe as World War II approached. The couple moved to Italy, where they stayed throughout the war years.
During the war, Pegram and Hofmann faced severe challenges in Italy, including time in a concentration camp and subsequent separation by Florence authorities due to their living arrangement as two men. Their story caught the attention of African American troops from the 92nd Infantry. The combined impact of racism, homophobia, and war ultimately derailed Pegram's promising career aspirations. He spent four years at Medfield State Hospital undergoing electroshock therapy, relied financially on his grandmother, and never achieved his dream of becoming a university professor. The inability to legally marry Hofmann prevented them from settling together in the United States, further complicating their circumstances.
1-Page Summary
An exploration into Reid Pegram's younger years reveals a journey marked by academic triumphs and the profound impact of his grandmother, Laura Reed, who played a crucial role in his educational pursuits.
Reid Pegram excelled at Boston Latin School, a school known for its rigorous standards and distinguished history. Despite his intelligence and accomplishments, the recognition he received was frequently tainted with the reminder of his racial identity. Whenever his Harvard professors or headmaster bestowed accolades, they seemed compelled to mention that he was a black American, spotlighting the racial bias of the times.
Laura Reed, a resilient figure in Reid Pegram's life, left Virginia for Boston by herself with her young daughter following the death of her husband, a journey predating the Great Migration of the late 1800s. To make ends meet, Laura took on the role of a janitress and cleaned the homes of well-to-do families in Dorchester.
Desp ...
Pegram's Early Life, Supportive Grandmother, and Education
Reid Pegram's time in Paris is a remarkable story of self-discovery, cultural fascination, and romantic love, which eventually led him to remain in Europe during the darkest days of World War II.
Reid Pegram developed an intense fascination with French culture, literature, and music. His thesis at Harvard, which drew comparisons between "Sentimental Education" and "Madame Bovary," showcased his deep appreciation for French literary works. Pegram’s proficiency in the French language, noted for its native-like quality, stemmed from his extensive coursework and passion for the culture. This proficiency and interest opened the opportunity for him to pursue further opportunities in Paris.
While in the City of Light, Pegram was able to reinvent himself, throwing himself into his passions and embracing his identity more freely than he could have in the United States. France provided him a space devoid of the constraints he felt back home.
At the culmination of his stay in France, Pegram met Arne Hofmann, a young Danish arti ...
Pegram's Time in Paris, Freedom, and Relationship With Arne Hofmann
Reed Pegram faced numerous adversities including racism, homophobia, and war, which ultimately thwarted his professional and personal ambitions and led to a period of institutionalization.
During World War II, Pegram and Hofmann found themselves in dire circumstances in Italy. They struggled immensely when Hofmann was unable to secure a visa to the United States. Their situation became so desperate that they were placed in a concentration camp for several months. Even after their release, their hardships continued as Pegram and Hofmann wandered the countryside in search of stability.
Pegram and Hofmann's post-camp life was fraught with difficulty. The authorities in Florence separated them because they lived together as two men sharing one room and bed, highlighting the pervasive homophobia of the time. Their struggles caught the attention of African American troops from the 92nd Infantry and embedded reporters, who documented their story and took photographs.
Pegram’s life, once full of promise, was irreparably marred by the compounded effects of racism and homophobia. He spent four years at Medfield State Hospital, where he un ...
Pegram's Struggles, Including Institutionalization and Electroshock Therapy
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