In this episode of NPR's Book of the Day, Iranian pop star Googoosh shares her story of rising to fame in pre-revolutionary Iran, where she began performing at age three and became both a pop star and movie star during a time of social freedom and modern attitudes. She describes the dramatic shift that occurred with the Iranian Revolution, including her 28-day imprisonment and a subsequent two-decade period where she was banned from performing.
The conversation covers Googoosh's journey from isolation and depression in Iran to her eventual comeback performance in Toronto in 2000. Now living in the United States, she reflects on her connection to Iran and her hopes for its future, sharing perspectives on the contrast between the social freedoms of pre-revolutionary Iran and the restrictions that followed.

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Gugush began her performing career at a remarkably young age, starting with acrobatics at age three. Her father noticed her talent for mimicking famous singers and put her on stage when she was five or six years old. She quickly rose to prominence as both a pop star and movie star in pre-revolutionary Iran, a time characterized by modern attitudes and openness. During this period, Iranians enjoyed considerable social freedoms, including concerts and vibrant nightlife, while women experienced greater liberty in their lifestyle choices.
The Iranian Revolution brought dramatic changes to Gugush's life when the new Islamic government banned women from public singing and performing. She was imprisoned for 28 days in harsh conditions, where she witnessed evidence of torture through the sounds of suffering from both male and female prisoners. During her confinement, Gugush lived in constant fear of execution or mistreatment, facing interrogations about her performances for the king and palace.
Following her imprisonment, Gugush was forced to sign a document promising never to sing or make music again. This led to a 20-year period of exile within her own country, during which she faced profound isolation and depression. She turned to drugs, including opium, to cope with the crushing of her artistic spirit and the loss of her creative expression.
After two decades of silence, Gugush finally left Iran and made an emotional comeback with a triumphant concert in Toronto in 2000. While grateful for the freedom she found in the United States, she maintains a deep connection to Iran and its people. She expresses hope for a future where Iran achieves the same freedoms she now enjoys, envisioning a time when the Islamic Republic is overthrown and her people can live freely.
1-Page Summary
Googoosh began her journey into the limelight remarkably early, starting her performing career at only three years with acrobatics.
Recognizing her innate ability, Googoosh's father noticed that she could mimic the songs of big singers, prompting him to put her on stage. This pivotal decision kick-started her singing career when she was around five or six years old.
The budding performer quickly escalated to fame, not only as a pop star but also as a movie star in Iran, long before the dramatic shift of the 1979 Revolution.
Googoosh's reminiscences paint a picture of a very modern Iran prior to 1979, marked by a spirit of liberty and openness.
Gugush's Pop Star Career in Pre-revolutionary Iran
The Iranian Revolution led to profound changes in society, one of which significantly impacted the life and career of Gugush, a prominent Iranian singer.
Following the Islamic Revolution, the new government enforced strict rules on cultural expressions, and as part of this clampdown, Gugush was forbidden from singing. The Islamic system in place did not approve of women singing, claiming that it was not just unwelcome but also contrary to their values. While men were eventually allowed to resume their singing and performing, the ban on female performers was upheld, leaving many women, including Gugush, unable to pursue their musical careers openly.
Gugush's participation in the music industry under the previous regime led to her imprisonment. She was incarcerated and kept in a basement, separated from male prisoners.
During her 28-day confinement, Gugush was subjected to the unsettling sounds of pain and shouting coming from both the men's and women's sides of the prison, implying harsh conditions and the existence of torture. She could hear the guards inflicting pain on other inmates, which was a terrifying soundtrack to her own experience behind bars.
Impact of Iranian Revolution on Gugush's Life and Career
Googoosh, an iconic singer known as Gugush, faced severe government oppression in Iran that silenced her voice and career, leading to years of isolation and struggle.
Gugush was coerced into signing a document that stated she would never sing or make music again, effectively ending her illustrious career. The repercussions were severe; she was exiled within her own country for 20 years, a period during which her once-thriving career came to an abrupt halt.
During her two decades of imposed silence, Gugush faced profound isolation, as she spent her days at home and had occasional gatherings with a few friends who feared being associated with her. The lack of creative expression led to depression and drug use as coping mechanisms, with opium being mentioned as one of the substances she used.
Gugush's Forced Silence and Exile in Iran
After being unable to perform or leave Iran for two decades, Gugush made a tremendous comeback, reconciling her newfound freedom with her enduring connection to her homeland.
Gugush experienced joy and disbelief at the response during her 2000 comeback concert in Toronto, demonstrating an emotional reunion with her audience. The concert became a triumphant occasion as she and the audience sang together, marking the end of a lengthy period of silence in her illustrious career.
Despite her gratitude for the freedom she found in the United States, Gugush harbors a profound yearning for her homeland, hoping one day Iran will achieve the same freedom she now enjoys. She expresses an intense sense of belonging to Iran and its people, ref ...
Gugush's Eventual Comeback and Reflections on Her Homeland
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