Podcasts > NPR's Book of the Day > 'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

By NPR (podcasts@npr.org)

NPR's Book of the Day explores author Brandon Hobson's novel about Milton, an unreliable narrator grappling with literary ambitions and a complex relationship with his former juvenile detention center peer, Matthew Ochota. Through Milton's verbose storytelling and contradicting accounts, the summary reveals his attempts to assert superiority over Matthew, a Cherokee artist who has achieved the success Milton desires.

The summary delves into how Hobson uses Oklahoma's stark landscapes to mirror the characters' internal struggles, particularly within the detention center setting. It also examines the author's creative choices, from incorporating surreal elements like celebrity cameos to his emphasis on language and structure over plot-driven narratives. Hobson shares insights into his writing process, describing fiction writing as a mystical, intuitive journey shaped through careful revision.

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

This is a preview of the Shortform summary of the Dec 3, 2025 episode of the NPR's Book of the Day

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

1-Page Summary

Milton's Literary Aspirations and Unreliable Narration

The story centers on Milton, an unreliable narrator who attempts to create what he considers serious literature. His narrative style, marked by complex language and verbose prose, reveals both his literary pretensions and his deep-seated insecurities. Through his convoluted storytelling, Milton attempts to assert his superiority over his rival, Matthew Ochota.

The Complex Dynamic Between Milton and Matthew

Milton and Matthew's relationship, forged during their time as juvenile inmates, forms the core of the narrative. While the exact circumstances of their incarceration remain unclear due to Milton's contradicting accounts, their shared trauma has significantly shaped their relationship. Matthew, described as a talented Cherokee artist, has achieved the literary and artistic success that continues to elude Milton, fueling Milton's resentment and envy.

Oklahoma's Landscape as a Literary Device

The novel employs Oklahoma's stark environment to mirror the characters' internal struggles. As Hobson explains, the state's desolate landscapes and harsh weather create a sense of isolation that reflects the characters' experiences, particularly within the juvenile detention center setting. This deliberate use of setting stands in contrast to typical literary idealizations of nature, instead emphasizing the characters' emotional turmoil.

Celebrity Cameos and Literary Devices

The narrative incorporates playful elements, such as celebrity cameos and doppelgangers, to balance its serious themes. Hobson notes that characters like Salvador Dali add surreal whimsy to the story, while the use of doppelgangers serves to explore deeper themes of identity and self-reflection.

Hobson's Approach to Writing

Hobson describes writing fiction as a mystical, intuitive process. He prioritizes language and structure over plot-driven narratives, explaining that "literary fiction is really designed to be heavy in plot." For Hobson, revision is crucial to finding the right creative direction, allowing him to explore different narrative possibilities until he discovers the most effective path for his story.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • Explore your own narrative voice by writing a short story with an unreliable narrator. Choose a character from your life or imagination and write from their perspective, intentionally weaving in their biases and insecurities to create a complex narrative. This exercise will help you understand how perspective shapes storytelling and can lead to a deeper appreciation of literary techniques.
  • Create art that reflects your environment and emotions, similar to how Oklahoma's landscape is used in the narrative. Take photographs or make sketches of your surroundings during different moods or weather conditions, and notice how the environment can symbolize internal feelings. This can be a therapeutic way to connect with your emotions and express them creatively.
  • Practice self-reflection through the concept of doppelgangers by identifying your own 'twin' traits or behaviors. Write down aspects of yourself that you see mirrored in others, whether they are positive or negative. This can help you gain insight into your identity and how you perceive yourself in relation to others, fostering personal growth and self-awareness.

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

Unreliable Narrator Milton Attempts "Serious Art"

Aspiring for literary greatness, Milton embarks on a journey to create what he perceives as capital A art, revealing his flaws through his narrative voice and stylistic choices.

Milton Is a Manipulative and Flawed Narrator

Aiming to craft a high-brow literary work, Milton employs complex language and poetic descriptions. He desires to manipulate readers with long, convoluted sentences and difficult vocabulary. His preference for obscure language indicates a deliberate attempt to shape a weighty and serious piece of literature, though his means may alienate rather than enlighten his audience.

Unreliable Narrator With Literary Pretensions

Milton's unreliability as a narrator stems not only from his sanity being questionable but also from his literary posturing. His narrative is laced with intricacies that may serve more his vanity than the story he means to tell. His prose, filled with verbal flourishes, betrays his penchant for ostentation rather than genuine storytelling.

Milton Envies and Resents His Successful Rival Matthew Ochota

Milton and Matthew Jailed As Juveniles; Milton Envies Matthew's Art Skills

Milton's envy towards Matthew Ochota, his childhood rival, traces back to their time incarcerated as juveniles. He harbors a deep-seated jealousy of Matthew's inherent art skills, a talent that he has observed and c ...

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Unreliable Narrator Milton Attempts "Serious Art"

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Counterarguments

  • Milton's complex language and poetic descriptions could be seen as a genuine attempt to explore the boundaries of language and literary form, rather than mere manipulation.
  • The use of long, convoluted sentences and difficult vocabulary might be intended to challenge readers and encourage deeper engagement with the text.
  • Milton's narrative style, while verbose, could be interpreted as a reflection of his character's inner turmoil or complexity, rather than simple vanity.
  • The unreliability of Milton as a narrator can add depth to the narrative, inviting readers to question and interpret the text more critically.
  • Milton's envy of Matthew could be a narrative device to explore themes of ambition, rivalry, and the human condition, rather than a simple character flaw.
  • The shared juvenile incarceration of Milton and Matthew might provide a rich backstory that adds lay ...

Actionables

  • Reflect on your communication style by journaling about times when you might have used complex language to impress or overshadow others. This self-awareness exercise can help you identify patterns in your behavior that mirror Milton's and encourage you to adopt a more authentic and clear way of expressing yourself. For example, if you notice you often use technical jargon in casual conversations to seem knowledgeable, you might try simplifying your language to be more inclusive and relatable.
  • Create a personal art project that explores themes of envy and aspiration, using accessible mediums like drawing, writing, or digital collage. This can be a therapeutic way to process feelings of jealousy or inadequacy you've experienced in relation to others' successes. You could, for instance, draw two contrasting images – one representing your own aspirations and the other symbolizing the success of someone you envy – and reflect on the emotions each image evokes.
  • Practice empathy by writing a sho ...

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

Rivalry and Relationship Between Milton and Matthew Ochota

The complex dynamic between juvenile inmates Milton and Matthew forms the narrative heart of a story that delves into the impact of their shared past and subsequent rivalry, especially within their artistic pursuits.

Rivalry and Friendship Between Juvenile Inmates Milton and Matthew Form the Narrative Core

Milton and Matthew's time spent as juvenile inmates breeds a relationship that is marred by trauma but also characterized by camaraderie.

Unclear Circumstances of Incarceration, Conflicting Accounts by Milton

While Milton initially claims their incarceration was a result of an attempted school shooting, he later contradicts himself with another story. The exact circumstances surrounding their incarceration remain blurred by Milton's conflicting accounts.

Juvenile Detention Trauma Shaped Their Relationship

The novel attempts to convey the lingering trauma resulting from Milton and Matthew's incarceration, a difficult period that has left indelible marks on both their relationship and individual psyches.

Rivals Milton and Matthew Share Artistic Drive in Writing

Both characters possess a strong artistic drive, but their similarities end there as differing levels of success begin to influence their dynamics.

Matthew's Artistic and Literary Success Surpasses Envious Milton

Matthew, described as a young, ...

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Rivalry and Relationship Between Milton and Matthew Ochota

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • Explore your own past experiences with a friend through collaborative storytelling to understand how shared events have shaped your relationship. Start by choosing a significant event you both experienced, then separately write down your memories and feelings about it. Share your stories with each other and discuss the similarities and differences in your perceptions, which can lead to a deeper understanding of how the event affected each of you and your relationship.
  • Use creative expression as a tool for healing by starting a personal art project that focuses on a challenging period in your life. Choose a medium that resonates with you, such as painting, poetry, or music, and create something that represents your feelings and experiences from that time. This can serve as a cathartic process and help you work through unresolved emotions.
  • Address feelings of ...

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

Desolate Oklahoma Landscape's Role in the Novel

Milton utilizes the stark and barren landscapes of Oklahoma to encapsulate the inner turmoil of his characters, drawing a parallel between the external environment and their emotional struggles.

Oklahoma’s Bleak, Desolate Setting Reflects Characters' Inner Struggles

Harsh Storms, Birds, and Barren Landscapes Create Isolation and Despair

In his artistic endeavour, Milton crafts a vivid and oftentimes daunting depiction of Oklahoma using exaggerated vocabulary and obscure language. He portrays elements that foster a sense of isolation and despair among the characters. The bleakness is further emphasized by Hobson’s observation, "Oklahoma is really a strange place... Parts of it can also be very flat and desolate. And part of the birds and the landscape is an important part I think of hopefully conveying that desolation and that emptiness and that struggle, especially at a juvenile detention center."

Contrast With the Idealized Nature in Literary Novels

This portrayal stands in stark contrast to the typical idealization of nature found in literary works. Rather, Milton opts for descriptions of harsh storms and screeching birds that augment the sense of desolation and underscore the characters' existential battles.

Oklahoma's Desolate Landscape Reflects Incarcerated Characters' Trauma

Detention Facility's Oppressive Setting Reinforced by Nature

The inhospitable natural setting serve ...

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Desolate Oklahoma Landscape's Role in the Novel

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • The use of a desolate landscape to symbolize inner turmoil could be seen as a cliché or overused trope in literature, potentially lacking originality.
  • The connection between external environments and internal emotions might oversimplify the complexity of human psychology and emotional experiences.
  • Exaggerated vocabulary and obscure language could alienate some readers, making the text less accessible and potentially obscuring the intended message.
  • While the contrast with idealized nature is noted, some might argue that the depiction of nature in literature is diverse and not always idealized, and that Milton's approach is not as unique as suggested.
  • The interpretation of the landscape's role could be subjective, and some readers might not perceive the Oklahoma setting as a reflection of the characters' emotional states.
  • The assumption that the natural setting reinforces the oppressive environment of the detention center might not resonate with readers who have different associations ...

Actionables

  • Explore your emotional landscape by journaling in nature, using the scenery to inspire reflections on personal challenges. Find a local landscape that feels barren or isolated, such as a quiet park in the winter or a deserted beach, and write about how the setting resonates with your feelings. This can help you process emotions and gain insight into your personal struggles, similar to how the Oklahoma landscape reflects the characters' turmoil.
  • Create a photo essay capturing the emotions of desolation and isolation in your environment. Use your smartphone or camera to take pictures of scenes that evoke these feelings for you, like empty streets at dusk or overgrown lots. This visual project can help you articulate and understand your own experiences of seclusion or abandonment.
  • Use descript ...

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

Celebrity Cameos and Doppelgangers in Literature

The presence of celebrity cameos and the concept of doppelgangers in literature establish an engaging blend of amusement and depth within storytelling, offering readers a diversified experience between levity and gravity.

Playful Elements Balance Serious Aspects In Novel

Novels often incorporate real-life celebrities into their narratives to add a touch of surreal whimsy and counterbalance the darker themes present within the story.

Characters Like Salvador Dali Add Surreal Whimsy To Story

Hobson notes the amusing and intriguing element of doppelgangers and doubling in literary works. By incorporating a character like Salvador Dali, who rambles on about the band Duran Duran, the author injects surreal whimsy into the narrative. This not only provides comic relief but also infuses the story with a surrealistic flavor, reminiscent of Dali's own artistic work.

Literary Devices Counter Darker Themes and Milton's "Serious Art."

These imaginative and playful literary devices act as a counterweight to "serious art" and darker themes within a narrative, echoing the dualism found in Milton’s work, which often juxtaposes the profound with the accessible.

Doppelgangers and Doubling Reflect the Author's Interest in Identity and Self

Authors utilize doppelgangers and doubling not just for entertainment but also as a tool for exploring deeper themes of identity and the self, thus enriching the complex ...

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Celebrity Cameos and Doppelgangers in Literature

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • Celebrity cameos in literature are brief appearances of real-life famous people within a fictional story. They create a sense of realism or surprise, often adding humor or cultural commentary. These cameos can also highlight themes by contrasting the celebrity’s public persona with the story’s context. This technique engages readers by blending reality with fiction.
  • Doppelgangers are characters who look or act like another character, often representing a hidden or alternate aspect of the self. Doubling is a broader literary technique where two characters, events, or ideas mirror or contrast each other to highlight themes or conflicts. These devices explore identity, inner conflict, and the complexity of human nature. They create tension and depth by showing how characters relate to or differ from their "double."
  • Salvador Dali was a famous surrealist artist known for bizarre, dreamlike imagery. Duran Duran is a British pop band from the 1980s, unrelated to surrealism. Combining Dali with a modern pop band creates an unexpected, whimsical contrast. This mix of high art and pop culture is what makes the scene surreal and playful.
  • "Serious art" refers to works that tackle profound, often complex themes with a formal or elevated style. John Milton, a 17th-century poet, is known for his epic poem Paradise Lost, which explores deep theological and philosophical questions. His work exemplifies "serious art" by combining grand themes with intricate language and structure. The text contrasts this with playful literary devices that lighten or balance such weighty content.
  • John Milton’s works, especially "Paradise Lost," often contrast profound, serious themes like good versus evil with accessible, human emotions and experiences. This dualism means balancing weighty ideas with moments that engage readers on a personal or lighter level. In literature, playful elements can serve to offset or highlight these serious themes, making the narrative more dynamic. Thus, Milton’s approach inspires authors to ...

Counterarguments

  • While celebrity cameos can add a layer of amusement, they may also distract from the narrative or feel out of place if not integrated skillfully into the story.
  • The use of real-life celebrities might date a novel, potentially alienating future readers who may not be familiar with the celebrity or their significance.
  • The inclusion of surreal whimsy through characters like Salvador Dali might not appeal to all readers, some of whom may prefer more realistic or relatable elements in their fiction.
  • The effectiveness of playful literary devices to counterbalance darker themes can vary depending on the reader's personal taste; some might find such devices to detract from the emotional impact of serious themes.
  • The concept of doppelgangers and doubling as a means to explore identity can sometimes be overly complex or confusing, potentially leading to ambiguity that hinders reader understanding or engagement.
  • The focus on prot ...

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'The Devil Is a Southpaw' is a story within a story — or so its narrator says

Author's Approach to Fiction: Language and Structure

Hobson Views Writing Literary Fiction As Mystical and Intuitive

Writing As Meditation: Time Flies and Creative Doors Open

Hobsons regards the writing process, particularly fiction writing, as nearly supernatural. "There's something magical that happens when someone sits down to write, especially fiction, and pretty soon three hours have passed. It's a kind of mystical experience... Time just seems to fly. And doors open," Hobson explains, describing a transcendent experience where the passage of time seems altered.

Hobson Prioritizes Language, Structure, and Complex Questions Over Plot-Driven Narratives

Channeling his philosophy through his character Milton, Hobson leans into a writing style that prioritizes the intricacies of language and the architecture of a novel's structure. He aims to tackle complex and difficult questions, inviting readers to engage in the challenging terrain he believes defines serious art. For Hobson, these elements supersede the importance of a plot-driven narrative.

Revision and Rewriting Are Essential to Hobson's Process

Revision Is Key To Finding the Right Creative Solutions

According to Hobson, not every creative avenue explored in the first draft leads to success. "A lot of those doors that you enter aren't always the right doors, which is why revision is so important and rewriting. So other doors appear, and you explore those rooms," he says, suggesting that the iterative process of writing is es ...

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Author's Approach to Fiction: Language and Structure

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While Hobson views writing as a mystical experience, others may argue that writing is a skill that can be developed through practice and discipline, and that the "magic" is actually the result of hard work and experience.
  • Some critics might suggest that prioritizing language and structure over plot can lead to narratives that are difficult for readers to follow or engage with, potentially alienating a broader audience.
  • It could be argued that addressing complex and difficult questions is not unique to literary fiction and that genre fiction can also tackle profound themes within a plot-driven framework.
  • The emphasis on revision and rewriting, while widely accepted as important, might be challenged by those who believe in the value of spontaneity and raw expression in writing, suggesting that over-revision could strip a work of its original energy and intent.
  • There is a perspective that plot ...

Actionables

  • You can explore the mystical side of writing by setting a timer for a "creative sprint" where you write non-stop for a set period, letting your imagination run wild without concern for plot or structure. This practice can help you experience the flow state that makes time fly and opens up creative possibilities. For example, choose a prompt like "a world where gravity doesn't exist" and write continuously for 20 minutes, allowing the story to unfold in unexpected ways.
  • Try enhancing the beauty of language in your daily communication by replacing common words with more poetic or unusual ones. Keep a thesaurus handy and, each day, pick a mundane sentence you've written or spoken, such as a text message or an email, and rewrite it focusing on the choice of words rather than the message itself. For instance, instead of saying "I'm going to the store," you might say "I'm embarking on a sojourn to the marketplace."
  • Engage with complex questions in your personal journal by dedicating a section to "u ...

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