In this episode of NPR's Book of the Day, Victoria Redel discusses her novel "I Am You," which explores the relationship between Dutch Golden Age painter Maria van Oosterweek and her maid-turned-artist Goetha-Peters. The historical record shows that these two unmarried women lived and worked together in an era when female artists faced significant professional barriers, including exclusion from all-male painters' guilds.
Based on her research in Amsterdam, Redel imagines the complex dynamic between the two women, examining how their relationship evolved from companionship to a mix of devotion and artistic rivalry. Through their story, the book addresses broader themes about women's ambition, power dynamics in close relationships, and the particular challenges faced by female artists in 17th-century Europe, including restrictions on subject matter and the physical demands of paint-making.

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Maria van Oosterweek was a renowned 17th-century Dutch painter whose works were sold throughout Europe. Despite her success, she faced significant obstacles as a female artist, including exclusion from the all-male painter's guild that controlled trade and artistic opportunities. She specialized in vanitas still life paintings, which often featured symbolic items like skulls to represent life's transience.
Goetha-Peters initially joined Maria's workshop as a maid but eventually became a recognized painter herself. While their exact relationship remains unclear due to limited historical documentation, their artistic collaboration left a lasting impact on the art world.
Victoria Redel discovered Maria van Oosterweek's story in Amsterdam and was intrigued by the unusual arrangement of two unmarried women painters living together during the Dutch Golden Age. Through her research, Redel came to believe that Maria and Goetha-Peters might have been lovers, leading her to craft a romantic narrative in her book "I Am You."
In Redel's interpretation, Maria and Goetha's relationship evolves from close companionship to a complex dynamic marked by devotion and rivalry. As Goetha's artistic skills develop, their relationship becomes strained by power struggles, with Maria asserting her dominance as the established artist. Redel uses the act of paint mixing as a metaphor for their intimate connection, describing it as a shared, sacred language between the two women.
Redel portrays Maria and Goetha with the same complexity typically reserved for male painters, exploring the challenges faced by ambitious women artists in 17th-century Europe. These challenges included physical demands of paint-making, exclusion from professional guilds, and restrictions on subject matter. Through their story, Redel examines universal themes of love, power, and envy in long-term female relationships, set against the constraints of their historical period.
1-Page Summary
Maria van Oosterweek emerged as a world-renowned Dutch painter in the 17th century. Despite the fame she garnered for her artwork, which was sold throughout Europe, she faced the obstacle common to female artists of her era: she was never permitted to join the all-male guild of Dutch artists.
These professional organizations controlled the trade and offered significant benefits to their members. However, women were often excluded from these guilds, limiting their training and selling opportunities. Despite these barriers, Maria van Oosterweek made a name for herself with her still life paintings, known as vanitas. These artworks frequently served as a reminder of the transience of life and were highly sought after by merchants. The paintings often included symbolic items such as skulls to convey their deeper message.
Gerta, also known as Goetha-Peters, initially joined Maria van Oosterweek's workshop as ...
Maria Van Oosterweek and Goetha-Peters: Historical Context and Facts
Victoria Redel delves into the lives of two artists from the Dutch Golden Age, Maria Van Oosterweek and Goetha-Peters, weaving a fictional tale of romance and artistic passion through meticulous research and creative interpretation.
Victoria Redel stumbled upon Maria van Oosterweek's name mentioned as a forgotten artist whose works had been sold across Europe. This brief mention sparked Redel's curiosity, and she embarked on a journey to research both Maria and her companion Goetha-Peters, two unmarried women living together in an era when such an arrangement was highly unusual for women, let alone women painters.
Through her research into Maria and Goetha-Peters, Redel came to believe it was plausible that the two women were lovers. Understanding the societal restraints and the taboos on homosexuality during the Dutch Golden Age, Redel found herself imagining a deeper connection between the two women.
In he ...
Author's Creative Process and Choices in Fictionalizing Story
Victoria Redell's characters Maria and Goetha portray a romantic, intricate, and dynamic relationship that intertwines with their artistic pursuits.
Redell paints a vivid image of the relationship between Maria and Goetha as one that evolves from close companionship to an evolving rivalry colored with jealousy.
Initially, we see an environment in which Goetha is deeply devoted, painting right next to Maria, to a point where she can feel Maria's breath on her neck—a metaphor for their closeness and possibly, Goetha's sense of being overshadowed. Goetha admires Maria and holds a profound belief in her greatness as an artist. Nonetheless, as Goetha's talent burgeons, a power dynamic takes a prominent place in their relationship. Maria responds to the shifting power balance with a measure of unkindness. Redell suggests that the complexities of navigating success as women painters—given the expectations and limitations of their time—add increasing strain and secrecy to both their personal and professional interactions.
Redell explores the role of 17th-century Dutch painting to reflect Maria and Goetha's relationship dynamics.
Maria and Goetha: Romantic/Sexual and Power Dynamics
Redell delivers a thoughtful exploration of what ambition and companionship meant for women like Maria and Goetha, two female artists striving to make their mark in the male-dominated art world of 17th century Europe.
Determined to provide Maria and Goetha the depth and vigor often reserved for interpretations of ruthless male painters, Redell delves into the realm of what it meant to be a woman with ambition during the Dutch Golden Age. She pays particular attention to the range of challenges that female artists like Maria would face, such as the rigorous physicality involved in the making of paint—grinding substances derived from nature, an activity that demonstrates not only their creativity but also their resilience and determination.
Beyond the act of creation, Redell also sheds light on the societal limitations imposed on women artists at that time. She explains how they were barred from joining the painter’s guild, directly affecting their recognition and professional growth. Furthermore, she points out the restrictions they faced in the subjects they were allowed to paint, with genres like still lifes being deemed appropriate, while other genres were effectively off-limits.
Redell's narrative weaves through the intricacies of Maria and Goetha's relationship, underscoring the universal themes of love, power, envy, and de ...
Themes: Women's Ambition, Challenges, Relationships in 17th Century Europe
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