Podcasts > NPR's Book of the Day > In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

By NPR (podcasts@npr.org)

In this episode of NPR's Book of the Day, translator Emily Wilson shares her approach to translating Homer's "The Odyssey." Wilson explains how her early connection to the text—playing Athena in a school play—grew into a deep understanding of the poem's themes of identity and personal transformation. She describes her translation philosophy, which emphasizes clarity and directness while accurately representing the social structures of the ancient world.

The episode explores how Wilson's translation choices bring fresh perspective to this classical text. She discusses how the poem's themes of belonging, homecoming, and social hierarchies connect to contemporary issues, including modern discussions about community, inclusion, and violence. Wilson's insights reveal how this ancient text maintains its relevance in today's social discourse.

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In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

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In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

1-Page Summary

Wilson's Personal Connection to the Odyssey

Emily Wilson's connection to "The Odyssey" began in childhood when she played Athena in a school play. Despite being a shy and unhappy eight-year-old, Wilson found confidence and joy in portraying the goddess who guides Odysseus. This early experience sparked what would become a lifelong fascination with the poem. Wilson reflects on how the poem's exploration of identity—particularly Odysseus's transformation over his twenty-year journey—mirrors her own experiences with personal change and continuity.

Wilson's Translation Approach and Techniques

In her translation work, Wilson emphasizes the importance of maintaining the clarity and directness found in the original Greek text. She deliberately avoids complex syntax, believing that the Muse should speak directly to readers. Wilson also carefully balances the poem's formulaic elements, such as Homeric epithets, with creative variation to maintain reader engagement. Notably, she makes conscious choices to accurately represent the social structures of the ancient world, particularly in her treatment of slavery—a reality often obscured in previous translations.

Modern Themes and Significance of the Odyssey

Wilson interprets "The Odyssey" as deeply relevant to contemporary issues. She explains how the poem explores complex themes of identity, belonging, and homecoming that resonate with modern discussions about community and inclusion. According to Wilson, the text's treatment of social hierarchies, poverty, and attitudes toward foreigners connects directly with current social concerns. She even draws parallels between the poem's climactic scene of violence and contemporary issues surrounding domestic mass killings, highlighting the text's enduring significance in modern discourse.

1-Page Summary

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Counterarguments

  • While Wilson's personal connection to "The Odyssey" is clear, it could be argued that personal experiences may introduce bias or a subjective interpretation that might not align with other scholarly perspectives.
  • The assertion that Wilson found confidence and joy in portraying Athena is subjective and may not necessarily contribute to her scholarly approach to translating the text.
  • The idea that Odysseus's transformation mirrors Wilson's own experiences could be seen as an anecdotal approach that may not resonate with all readers or scholars who might seek a more objective analysis of the text.
  • Maintaining clarity and directness is a valid translation approach, but some might argue that the complexity of syntax in the original text is an essential aspect of its literary character that should be preserved.
  • The decision to avoid complex syntax for the sake of directness could be criticized for potentially oversimplifying the text and not fully capturing the nuance of the original Greek.
  • Balancing formulaic elements with creative variation is a subjective process, and some purists might argue that too much variation could stray from the original intent of the Homeric style.
  • Accurately representing social structures, such as slavery, is important, but some might argue that modern sensibilities should not overshadow the historical context in which the text was written.
  • Interpreting "The Odyssey" as relevant to contemporary issues is a perspective that can enrich the text's significance, but others might argue that overemphasizing modern parallels could detract from its historical and cultural authenticity.
  • The themes of identity, belonging, and homecoming are indeed timeless, but the connection to modern discussions about community and inclusion might not be as direct or intentional as Wilson suggests.
  • Drawing parallels between the poem's scenes of violence and contemporary issues like domestic mass killings could be seen as anachronistic or a projection of modern issues onto an ancient text.
  • Some might argue that while the text has universal themes, its application to specific contemporary social concerns should be approached with caution to avoid conflating historical narratives with modern ideologies.

Actionables

  • Explore your personal history with a creative project by reenacting a scene from a favorite childhood book or play, capturing the experience through writing, painting, or video. This can help you reconnect with past passions and see how they've shaped your current interests and identity, much like Wilson's connection to "The Odyssey" began in her childhood.
  • Simplify a complex topic you're knowledgeable about into a one-page guide or infographic for friends or family, using clear language and avoiding jargon. This exercise will improve your ability to communicate effectively and make information accessible, reflecting Wilson's approach to maintaining clarity and directness in her translation work.
  • Start a book club focused on classic literature with an emphasis on drawing connections to contemporary issues, encouraging discussions on how themes like identity and social hierarchies are still relevant today. This can deepen your understanding of the text and foster a sense of community and inclusion, aligning with Wilson's interpretation of "The Odyssey" as pertinent to modern discussions.

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In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

Wilson's Personal Connection to the Odyssey

Emily Wilson shares personal insights into how her affection for "The Odyssey" began and her reflections on its timeless themes as they connect to her life and work.

Wilson's Role as Athena in School Influenced Her Odyssey Work

As a Shy and Unhappy 8-Year-Old, Wilson Found Joy and Confidence In Wearing a Goddess Costume to Portray Odysseus's Guide, Sparking Her Lifelong Fascination With the Poem

Recounting her time as a young girl during a school play, Wilson tells the story of how she played Athena in a production of "The Odyssey." Despite being shy and generally unhappy, Wilson found joy and confidence in wearing a goddess costume to portray the guide of Odysseus. She remembers how much she loved the costume and helmet and the experience of pretending to guide Odysseus, played by the headmaster, to blind the Cyclops. This experience sparked a fascination with the poem that has stayed with her throughout her life.

Wilson on the Odyssey's Exploration of Identity and Her Journey

Odysseus's Identity After 20 Years Reflects Wilson's Experience of Change and Continuity

Wilson reflects on a significant theme of "The Odyssey," which is the ex ...

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Wilson's Personal Connection to the Odyssey

Additional Materials

Actionables

  • Explore your own identity through creative role-play by choosing a character from a favorite book or myth and acting out scenarios in their persona. This can be a solo activity where you journal your experiences or a group activity with friends where each person takes on a different character. For example, if you're intrigued by Sherlock Holmes, you might try to solve everyday mysteries using his methods and mindset.
  • Create a personal timeline that highlights your own changes and continuities over the years, similar to Odysseus's journey. Use photographs, mementos, or notes to represent different periods in your life, and reflect on how you've evolved while maintaining your core identity. This could be a physical scrapbook or a digital slideshow.
  • ...

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In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

Wilson's Translation Approach and Techniques

Translator Emily Wilson discusses her work on "The Odyssey," revealing the strategies she uses to mirror the clarity and directness of the ancient Greek text in contemporary English and is committed to revealing the realities of the story's social structures.

Wilson Sought to Capture the Greek's Clarity and Directness in Her English Version, Avoiding Complex Syntax

Wilson believes that the Muse should speak directly to the people, without the barrier of complex syntax. She explains, "I didn't want to use an English which would have an unclear kind of syntax." Her translation strives for "crystalline clarity," which she perceives as a significant feature of the original. This approach results in a translation that provides a direct connection between the Muse and the reader, similar to the original, without intimidating contemporary lay readers.

Wilson Balanced Homeric Epithets' Formulaic Nature With Creative Variation

Wilson recognizes the "formulaicness" of the storytelling in "The Odyssey" and aims to reflect it in her work, but also wants to bring out the character's multiplicity. She explains that "Odysseus has multiple different epithets applied to him," and she addresses these epithets with varied translations to preserve the essence of the original text while avoidi ...

Here’s what you’ll find in our full summary

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Wilson's Translation Approach and Techniques

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While aiming for clarity and directness, some may argue that Wilson's approach could oversimplify the text, potentially losing some of the depth and nuance present in the original Greek.
  • The pursuit of "crystalline clarity" might lead to a translation that, while clear, could be perceived as lacking the poetic complexity that some readers find valuable in ancient texts.
  • Balancing formulaic epithets with creative variation is subjective, and some purists might prefer a more consistent approach to translation that adheres more closely to the o ...

Actionables

  • You can enhance your communication by practicing writing with clarity and directness, similar to translating a complex idea into simpler terms. Start by taking a paragraph from a legal document or a technical manual and rewrite it in plain language that a child could understand. This exercise will train you to convey complex ideas clearly and directly, improving your ability to communicate effectively in everyday situations.
  • Try creating a personal connection with cultural artifacts by writing a brief narrative or poem that captures the essence of an object or tradition in your life. For instance, if you have a family heirloom, write about its history and significance in a way that would allow someone unfamiliar with it to appreciate its value and story. This practice can help you develop the skill of establishing direct emotional connections through your words.
  • To understand and appreciate the diversit ...

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In her translation of ‘The Odyssey,’ Emily Wilson aimed for ‘a crystalline clarity’

Modern Themes and Significance of the Odyssey

Emily Wilson sheds light on the enduring relevance of "The Odyssey," offering insights into how its key themes of identity, belonging, and social hierarchy resonate with contemporary issues and concerns.

Odyssey's Exploration of Identity, Belonging, and "Home" Relevance Today

Wilson interprets "The Odyssey" as a complex poem dealing with identity and the nuanced concept of homecoming (nostos). For Wilson, Odysseus' journey is more than geographic; it is an intricate process of reestablishing relationships and navigating who is included in the home space—a theme that leads to modern discussions about inclusion and exclusion, particularly within the concept of community and home.

Odysseus' Homecoming: Exclusion vs. Inclusion and Its Impact on Identity and Community

Reflecting on the challenges of Odysseus' return, Wilson emphasizes the poem's focus on the dynamic between exclusion and inclusion. She makes it clear that figuring out who belongs where profoundly impacts both personal identity and the community.

Odyssey's Take on Social Hierarchies, Poverty, and Foreigners Connects With Modern Concerns

"The Odyssey" tackles issues of social status and economic inequality, analyzing the treatment of foreigners and those from different cultural backgrounds in a world rapidly globalizing. These themes, as Wilson points out, continue to be of paramount importance in today's social discourse.

Wilson Sees the Poem Addressing Issues of Social Class, Economic Disparity, and Cultural Differences That Remain Important Today

Wilson sees "The ...

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Modern Themes and Significance of the Odyssey

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • The interpretation of "The Odyssey" as a commentary on modern issues may be anachronistic, projecting contemporary values onto an ancient text.
  • The themes of identity and belonging in "The Odyssey" could be seen as universal human experiences rather than specifically modern concerns.
  • The connection between the poem's climax and modern gun violence might be viewed as a stretch, considering the vast differences in historical context and societal norms regarding violence.
  • Some may argue that the focus on social hierarchies and economic disparity in "The Odyssey" is secondary to its primary themes of heroism, adventure, and the supernatural.
  • The treatment of foreigners in "The Odyssey" could be interpreted through various lenses, and not all readers may agree with the notion that it directly correlates with contemporary global issues.
  • The idea th ...

Actionables

  • You can reflect on your personal narrative by journaling about your experiences with identity and belonging, drawing parallels to the journey of Odysseus. Start by writing about a time when you felt out of place or in search of a community, then explore how you overcame these challenges and what you learned about yourself in the process.
  • Create a visual art piece, like a collage or mixed media artwork, that represents your interpretation of social hierarchy and cultural diversity. Use images, symbols, and materials that resonate with your perspective on these themes, and consider how the layering of different elements can depict the complexities of social structures.
  • Engage ...

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