#1022 - Sheehan Quirke - How Did The Modern World Get So Ugly?
In this episode of Modern Wisdom, Sheehan Quirke and Chris Williamson explore how contemporary design and architecture have shifted toward uniformity and efficiency at the expense of character and beauty. The discussion examines how traditional architecture balanced functionality with aesthetics, using examples from cities like Venice and Edinburgh, and highlights studies showing the public's preference for traditional architectural styles over modern minimalist designs.
The conversation extends beyond architecture to examine broader cultural shifts in art and expression. Quirke and Williamson discuss how classical art forms reveal human truths and emotional depth, while modern entertainment and discourse tend toward detachment and superficiality. They explore how engagement with traditional art, literature, and poetry can help people connect with deeper emotions and counteract modern cultural trends.
This is a preview of the Shortform summary of the Nov 20, 2025 episode of the Modern Wisdom
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1-Page Summary
Problems With Modern Design and Aesthetics
Sheehan Quirke and Chris Williamson explore how modern design has become increasingly generic and boring. Quirke argues that contemporary architecture, particularly in skyscrapers and public spaces, lacks the character and charm found in older constructions. While some modern buildings achieve iconic status, like London's Gherkin, the broader trend shows a concerning shift toward uniformity and cultural disconnect. The hosts discuss how minimalist, utilitarian designs have replaced more vibrant styles, often sacrificing aesthetics for efficiency and cost-effectiveness, despite studies showing the public's clear preference for traditional architecture.
Value of Traditional and Historical Design and Architecture
Traditional architecture, according to Quirke, demonstrated that functionality and beauty could coexist. He points to 19th-century infrastructure like water towers and the Crossness Pumping Station as examples of how even utilitarian structures can be visually appealing. The hosts highlight cities like Sofia, Venice, and Edinburgh, where varied architectural styles create exciting, culturally rich environments. Quirke also notes that traditional architecture often proves more sustainable, using local materials and climate-conscious design elements that contribute to building longevity.
Art, Poetry, and Culture: Providing Meaning and Enrichment
Quirke and Williamson discuss how great art reveals profound human truths, citing examples like the Sistine Chapel ceiling and the "Garden of Earthly Delights." They express concern that modern entertainment, dominated by social media and superficial content, lacks the depth found in traditional art forms. Drawing from his personal experience, Quirke describes how engaging with classical art and literature transformed his worldview, encouraging others to interpret and connect with historical works to enrich their lives.
Importance of Romance, Sincerity, and Earnestness Today
The hosts examine how modern society's tendency toward irony and detachment hinders genuine emotional expression. Williamson notes how "ironic speech" complicates earnest discussions about romance and nobility. Quirke uses Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet" to illustrate the power of vulnerability and sincere emotion, arguing that exposure to poetry and art can help people tap into deeper feelings and counteract the superficiality of modern discourse.
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Counterarguments
- Modern design reflects contemporary values and technological advancements, which may not always align with traditional aesthetics but serve current societal needs.
- The perception of buildings as generic or boring is subjective; some may find beauty and elegance in the simplicity and minimalism of modern design.
- Cost-effectiveness and efficiency are important considerations in architecture, especially in a world with growing populations and limited resources.
- Public preference for traditional architecture might be influenced by nostalgia or resistance to change rather than an objective assessment of design quality.
- Modern architecture can also be sustainable, with many new buildings incorporating green technologies and innovative materials that were not available to traditional architects.
- The diversity of modern architecture is often underrepresented in discussions that focus on generic designs, overlooking many unique contemporary structures.
- Modern art and entertainment, while different from classical forms, can still offer depth, provoke thought, and reflect the complexities of contemporary life.
- Irony and detachment in modern discourse can be a legitimate form of social commentary or a coping mechanism in a complex world, not merely a barrier to sincerity.
- The effectiveness of traditional art in enriching lives is not exclusive; modern and contemporary art forms also have the potential to inspire and transform individuals.
- The idea that modern society lacks genuine emotional expression may overlook the various new platforms and ways in which people today openly share and connect with their emotions.
- The sustainability of traditional architecture may not always be superior to modern methods, as some historical buildings are energy inefficient and require extensive maintenance.
- The preference for traditional architecture and art does not necessarily imply that modern creations lack value or significance; cultural tastes evolve over time.
Actionables
- You can explore traditional architecture by taking a 'design detective' walk in your city, where you photograph unique architectural elements and research their history and significance. This activity encourages you to appreciate the aesthetics and cultural connections of older buildings, and you might share your findings on a blog or social media to inspire others to look beyond modern designs.
- Start a personal 'art and poetry' journal where you reflect on classical works you've encountered, noting how they affect your emotions and worldview. By actively engaging with art and literature from different eras, you can deepen your understanding of human truths and foster a greater appreciation for sincerity and earnestness in your daily life.
- Create a 'sustainability scavenger hunt' for yourself, aiming to identify and use local materials in your next home improvement project. This could involve visiting local markets, talking to artisans, or researching indigenous building techniques, which not only supports sustainability but also connects you to the cultural heritage of your area.
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Problems With Modern Design and Aesthetics
Sheehan Quirke and Chris Williamson examine the modern world's aesthetics and design, critiquing the uniformity, functionality, and lack of character.
World Filled With Generic, Boring Design
Quirke criticizes the modern world's "boringness" and lack of charm, identifying boredom as a fundamental problem for humanity, which can even incite people to join revolutions for excitement. He explores the impact of boredom on humanity and how charm in objects can lift individuals out of their daily concerns.
Skyscrapers, Infrastructure, Public Spaces Lack Character, Charm, Meaning
Modern design is often seen as uninspired, and the hosts discuss the public’s concern over growing uniformity in cityscapes worldwide, characterized by generic skyscrapers of glass, steel, and vertical lines. This trend has caused infrastructure and public spaces to lose the character, charm, and meaning found in older constructions. While some buildings like the Gherkin in London may achieve iconic status, the broader trend points to genericness lacking identity and culture.
Minimalist, Utilitarian Design Replaces Vibrant, Meaningful Styles
In discussing the preference for intricate designs, the viral post that Quirke shared exemplified a longing for charm and meaning in contrast to the prevalent minimalist, utilitarian designs that focus on efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The conversation critiques modern architecture that looks to materials such as concrete, steel, and plastic for quick, cheap builds at the expense of detailed aesthetics and style.
Modern Architecture Often Sacrifices Aesthetics For Efficiency and Cost-Cutting
The podcast challen ...
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Problems With Modern Design and Aesthetics
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Counterarguments
- Modern design's uniformity can be seen as a reflection of global standards and the international movement towards a cohesive, functional urban language.
- Functionality is a crucial aspect of design, especially in a world with growing populations and limited resources, where efficiency and sustainability are increasingly important.
- The character and charm of a design are subjective; what may seem boring and charmless to some might be clean, serene, and elegant to others.
- Modern materials like glass, steel, and concrete are not only cost-effective but also contribute to sustainability through energy efficiency and longer lifespans.
- Minimalist and utilitarian designs can be seen as a response to the clutter and excess of previous design periods, offering a calming and focused environment.
- Iconic modern buildings demonstrate that innovative, contemporary designs can also become culturally significant and cherished.
- The cost of additional decoration might be minimal in some cases, but the cumulative effect on large-scale projects can be significant, especially when considering maintenance and longevity.
- Surveys and studies might reflect a preference for traditional architecture, but this could also be influenced by nostalgia or resistance to change rather than an objective assessment of design ...
Actionables
- You can personalize your living space with unique, handcrafted items to counteract the uniformity of modern design. Start by visiting local craft fairs or online marketplaces that specialize in handmade goods. Choose items that resonate with your personal history or aesthetic preferences, such as a vintage lamp, a hand-painted vase, or a custom-made piece of furniture. These pieces will not only add character to your home but also serve as conversation starters and reflections of your individuality.
- Transform your daily routine by incorporating elements that break the monotony and add charm. This could be as simple as taking a different route to work that passes by historical buildings or arranging your workspace with items that have a story, like a framed photo from a memorable trip or a quirky desk accessory. The goal is to create an environment that stimulates your senses and keeps you engaged throughout the day.
- Advocate for community involvement in local development projects to ensure new constructions reflect the character of t ...
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Value of Traditional and Historical Design and Architecture
Sheehan Quirke, Chris Williamson, and others discuss how historical and traditional design and architecture provide a visual charm that often exceeds the appeal of modern styles, not only in aesthetics but also in sustainability.
Traditional Architecture Made Infrastructure Visually Interesting and Charming
19th-Century Water Towers and Sewage Facilities Showcase Functional Beauty
Quirke points out the charm and meaning found in the traditional designs of 19th-century infrastructure like water towers and sewage facilities. Decommissioned water towers from the period are still cherished and repurposed due to their visual appeal and functionality. Quirke highlights the Crossness Pumping Station as an example of Victorian belief in the possibility of even sewers being beautiful and meaningful. Such structures, like the carefully designed Victorian water fountains, were built to enhance the environment, increasing human happiness and showing that functionality does not have to sacrifice aesthetics.
Historical Styles Had More Variety Than Modern Styles
Past Eras Featured More Aesthetically Pleasing Architecture
Sheehan Quirke expresses appreciation for the architectural variety in Sofia, Bulgaria, showcasing layers of history that include Ottoman and 19th-century neo-Byzantine influences. This variety, also seen in places like Venice with its unique streets and in Vienna with its detailed architecture, speaks to the individuality of each design and its ability to lift spirits. Both Quirke and Williamson agree that Edinburgh's architecture evokes excitement because of its variety. Quirke further argues that cities with aesthetically pleasing designs make for better tourist destinations since people are attracted to beautiful place ...
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Value of Traditional and Historical Design and Architecture
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Clarifications
- The Crossness Pumping Station, built in the 19th century in London, was part of the city's sewage system designed to pump waste away from populated areas. It is renowned for its elaborate Victorian ironwork and decorative design, reflecting the era's belief that industrial infrastructure could be both functional and beautiful. The station played a crucial role in improving public health by managing sewage effectively during a time of rapid urban growth. Today, it is preserved as a heritage site showcasing engineering and architectural innovation.
- 19th-century water towers and sewage facilities often feature intricate brickwork, ornate ironwork, and classical architectural details. These designs reflect the Victorian era's belief that even utilitarian structures should be beautiful and uplifting. The craftsmanship and attention to detail make them stand out compared to plain modern infrastructure. Their aesthetic appeal also symbolizes pride in public works and technological progress of the time.
- Neo-Byzantine architecture is a revival style inspired by the Byzantine Empire's buildings from the 4th to 15th centuries. It features large domes, rounded arches, and extensive use of mosaics and decorative patterns. This style often combines traditional Eastern Orthodox Christian elements with modern construction techniques. It became popular in the 19th and early 20th centuries, especially for churches and public buildings.
- Sofia was part of the Ottoman Empire from the late 14th century until 1878. During this period, Ottoman architectural styles, such as domes, arches, and intricate tile work, were introduced. These elements blended with local and Byzantine influences, creating a unique architectural heritage. This history explains the Ottoman features visible in Sofia's buildings today.
- Venice’s streets are unique because they are primarily canals instead of roads, with buildings directly bordering the water. Narrow pedestrian pathways and bridges connect different parts of the city, creating a maze-like layout. The architecture features Gothic and Renaissance styles with ornate facades and balconies overlooking the canals. This combination of water-based streets and historic building designs gives Venice its distinctive charm.
- Steep roofs allow snow to slide off easily, preventing heavy accumulation that can cause structural damage. Flat roofs tend to hold snow, increasing weight and risk of leaks or collapse. Snow buildup on flat roofs also requires more maintenance to remove safely. Thus, steep roofs reduce maintenance and enhance building durability in snowy climates.
- Traditional architecture often sources materials directly from the surrounding environment, such as local stone, wood, or clay, reducing transportation and environmental impact. These materials are chosen for their natural compatibility with the local climate, enhancing durability and comfort. In contrast, modern architecture frequently relies on industrially produced materials like concrete, steel, and glass, which may not be locally sourced and can have higher environmental costs. This local material use in traditional buildings also supports regional craftsmanship and cult ...
Counterarguments
- While historical and traditional designs are often charming, they may not always meet the functional requirements of modern society, such as accessibility standards or the need for larger, open spaces that facilitate modern living and working environments.
- The appreciation for the aesthetic appeal of 19th-century infrastructure may be subject to personal taste, and some may argue that modern design also has its own unique charm and functional beauty.
- Repurposing old structures like water towers can be more costly and complex than building new, modern facilities, potentially leading to higher costs for adaptation and maintenance.
- The claim that historical styles had more variety than modern styles could be contested by pointing out the diversity within contemporary architecture, which includes a wide range of styles from minimalism to deconstructivism and high-tech architecture.
- While cities with historical architecture may attract tourists, modern and innovative architecture can also draw visitors and contribute to a city's identity, as seen in places like Dubai or Singapore.
- The sustainability of traditional architecture may be somewhat idealized; not all traditional buildings were environmentally friendly or resource-efficient by today's standards, and some may require significant retrofitting to improve en ...
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Art, Poetry, and Culture: Providing Meaning and Enrichment
Sheehan Quirke and Chris Williamson discuss the transformative power of art, poetry, and culture in the context of enriching lives and challenging perceptions.
Art, Literature, and Culture Transform Perspectives
Quirke discusses the importance of variety and uniqueness in art and architecture. He sheds light on his personal experience with culture, describing how it changed his perception of the world to one full of color and depth. Art, through the patronage system, has historically led to the creation of profound works that express deep human truths.
Great Works of Art Reveal Profound Human Truths
Quirke discussed patronage as a historical means of producing art, using the Sistine Chapel ceiling and the Mona Lisa as examples of profound works funded by influential patrons. Paintings like John Martin’s epic biblical landscapes and Hieronymus Bosch’s "Garden of Earthly Delights" are thought to draw new interest to art with their intriguing content. These works, Quirke points out, allow audiences to see the world differently and reveal aspects of humanity and oneself.
Modern World Lacks Cultural Opportunities and Contemplation
People Today Are More Exposed To Superficial Entertainment Than Profound Art and Literature
Quirke implies that modern entertainment, such as Instagram reels and sitcoms, dominate public attention, offering a superficial experience compared to the profound human truths present in traditional art forms. He mentions that programs like "Game of Thrones" and "White Lotus" may lack the depth found in historical forms of art, emphasizing the need to engage more deeply with challenging, meaningful content.
Embracing Traditions Counters Modern Life's Emptiness
Finding Meaning and Joy In Great Past Works
Williamson comments on the accessible wit and fun in Tim Burton's work but argues that deeper literature permits more personal reflection and contemplative experience compared to spoon-fed modern entertainment. Quirke criticizes the idea that art and poetry are just markers of sophistication; instead, he argues that they should be appreciated for their intrinsic worth and depth. He contrasts the fast consumption of social media with the contemplative nature of poetry. Quirke calls for an exploration of culture and tradition, suggesting that historical works have transformative power and provide meaning against modern life’s emptiness.
Quirke, drawing on his own transformative experiences such as quitting his job at McDonald's to pursue his passions, emphasizes that traditional expressions like poetry and classical music ha ...
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Art, Poetry, and Culture: Providing Meaning and Enrichment
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Counterarguments
- While historical patronage has produced significant works, it can also be argued that it often reflected and reinforced the power structures and inequalities of its time.
- The assertion that modern entertainment lacks depth compared to traditional art forms can be subjective; many contemporary works also tackle profound themes and resonate deeply with audiences.
- The idea that modern life lacks cultural opportunities may overlook the democratization of art through digital platforms, which allows more people to access and create art than ever before.
- The critique of modern entertainment as superficial may not account for the diverse range of content available today, including works that are challenging, thought-provoking, and rich in cultural value.
- The emphasis on traditional art and literature as a counter to modern emptiness could be seen as a romanticization of the past and may not acknowledge the relevance and impact of contemporary cultural expressions.
- The notion that engaging with past art and architecture is necessary to improve modern life might be challenged by t ...
Actionables
- You can start a "Cultural Deep Dive" journal where you reflect on one traditional artwork, poem, or piece of literature each week, noting how it affects your worldview and emotions. Begin by choosing works from different time periods or cultures each week, and spend time analyzing the themes, emotions, and historical context. Write down your personal interpretations and how these works might apply to modern life or your own experiences.
- Create a "Contemplation Corner" in your home dedicated to engaging with traditional art and literature. This can be a quiet space with comfortable seating, good lighting, and absence of modern distractions like TVs or smartphones. Populate the space with books of classic literature, poetry, and art prints. Spend at least 30 minutes daily in this space, reading, contemplating, and perhaps even sketching or writing your thoughts.
- Organize a monthly "Art and Reflection" meetup with friends or community members whe ...
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Importance of Romance, Sincerity, and Earnestness Today
Today's world often seems governed by irony and detachment, yet Quirke and Williamson delve into the enduring need for genuine emotion, romance, and the willingness to embrace vulnerability.
Cynical Detachment Crowds Out Genuine Emotion
Superficial, Sarcastic Discourse Hinders Deep Connection
Chris Williamson mentions the pervasiveness of "ironic speech" and suggests that this detachment prevents sincere expression. The era of irony complicates the earnest discussion of adventure, romance, and nobility, but Quirke stresses that these themes remain important. Quirke's discussion on the loss of charm in modern discourse hints at how superficial or sarcastic conversations might hinder the development of deep connections, in contrast to the charm and playfulness which foster closeness.
Vulnerability and Sincerity Cultivate Meaningful Relationships and Experiences
"Willingness to Die" Reflects Deep Love and Romance
Sheehan Quirke underscores that in love, there may be a metaphorical death, as one abandons all else to be with another person. This concept is compared to historical figures, like knights and samurai, who staked their lives on their beliefs and love. Williamson continues with the theme of passionate attachment as part of human experience—ironically irrational, yet beautiful. He recounts a tale of traveling from London to Edinburgh just for a brief encounter, a gesture symbolizing significant dedication and romance.
Quirke admires the expressive power of Shakespeare’s "Romeo and Juliet," pointing to Juliet's emotional maturity and love as epitomes of vulnerability and sincerity. He also discusses the poem "Before Action," which reflects on life and mortality, encompassing vulnerability and depth leading to a genuine understanding of the human condition.
Restoring Earnestness and Wonder to Enrich Lives
Poetry, Art, and Reflection Counter Modern Life's Deadening Effects
Both Quirke and Williamson advocate for the reintroduction of poetry and earnest expression in ...
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Importance of Romance, Sincerity, and Earnestness Today
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Counterarguments
- While genuine emotion and vulnerability are important, not all irony or detachment is harmful; they can serve as coping mechanisms or forms of social commentary.
- Sarcasm and ironic speech can sometimes facilitate bonding and serve as a shared language within certain communities or groups.
- The importance of themes like adventure, romance, and nobility can be subjective and may not resonate with everyone in the same way.
- Some individuals may find deep connections through intellectual discourse or shared activities rather than through charm and playfulness.
- The metaphorical willingness to "die" in love can be seen as unhealthy or codependent in some contexts, and not all forms of love require such extreme sacrifice.
- Using historical figures like knights and samurai as examples of love and commitment can romanticize past cultures without acknowledging their complex and often problematic histories.
- Passionate attachment, while beautiful, should not overshadow the importance of practical considerations and personal well-being in relationships.
- Acts of significant dedication can be romantic, but they can also be impulsive or impractical, and not all expressions of love need to be grand gestures.
- "Romeo and Juliet" is often interpreted as a cautionary tale about the recklessness of youth and the tragedy of miscommunication, rather than a model for healthy relationships.
- Poetry and art are not universally accessible or appealing, and other forms of expression can be equally enriching for some individuals.
- T ...
Actionables
- You can deepen your emotional expression by writing a letter to a loved one without sarcasm or irony, focusing solely on sincere feelings and gratitude. Start by choosing someone you care about and write about specific moments that have strengthened your bond. Avoid any form of detachment or humor that could undermine the authenticity of your message. This practice encourages vulnerability and fosters a more profound connection.
- Create a personal "adventure challenge" that involves doing something out of your comfort zone for someone you love, like planning a surprise visit or a unique experience tailored to their interests. The key is to make it a significant gesture that requires effort and thoughtfulness, symbolizing the kind of dedication and passion discussed in historical contexts of romance. This act of dedication can help you experience the depth of passionate attachment in a modern setting.
- Integrate poetry into your daily routine by s ...
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