In this episode of Creating Confidence with Heather Monahan, negotiation expert Kathryn Valentine discusses the specific challenges women face when negotiating for themselves in the workplace. Valentine explains how women who advocate for themselves experience significantly more backlash than men due to deeply ingrained gender norms, and she shares research showing that while women now negotiate slightly more often than men, they succeed only half as often.
Valentine presents practical strategies designed to reduce backlash and improve outcomes, including reframing negotiations as collaborative problem-solving, expanding focus beyond salary to include stock options and other benefits, and timing conversations strategically before annual reviews. The episode covers the substantial financial cost of avoiding negotiation—potentially millions of dollars over a career—and offers actionable tactics for building confidence through practice, using AI for preparation, and aligning negotiation approaches with personal authenticity and values.

Sign up for Shortform to access the whole episode summary along with additional materials like counterarguments and context.
Women face unique challenges when negotiating for themselves in the workplace due to deeply ingrained gender norms, leading to significant backlash and lower success rates compared to men.
Studies show women who advocate for themselves face significantly higher risk of backlash than men. This pattern is rooted in early childhood socialization—boys are encouraged to exert power and pursue their desires, while girls are socialized to be others-focused and avoid upsetting others. Research illustrates that gender non-congruent behaviors make others uncomfortable, triggering backlash. Even children as young as eight demonstrate this: girls ask for far less than boys in reward scenarios, typically citing not wanting to upset anyone.
Recent data reveals that women now negotiate at work slightly more often than men—about 2% more—but are only successful half as often. This gap shows that just encouraging women to negotiate more is not enough without gender-specific strategies.
Negotiation strategies that align with women's socialization—focusing on collaboration instead of confrontation—meaningfully reduce backlash risk. Approaching negotiation as a joint problem to solve ("us together versus the problem") transforms the dynamic, making a "no" simple feedback rather than a trigger for exclusion or retaliation. Applying gender-informed tactics not only reduces backlash but also boosts confidence and results.
Importantly, backlash is not just enacted by men. Both men and women participate in enforcing gender norms, and anecdotally, women sometimes deliver the harshest backlash to other women who violate expected behaviors.
Research divides negotiations into two types: deal negotiations (on behalf of others) and self-advocacy negotiations (for oneself). Women consistently excel in deal negotiations, often outperforming equally trained men, because these scenarios align with their socialization. However, self-advocacy negotiations invite more backlash since society expects women to act in the interest of others.
Negotiation expert Kathryn Valentine outlines a comprehensive approach for women to achieve more successful outcomes in workplace negotiations, focusing on holistic thinking, relational techniques, and collaborative strategies.
Valentine emphasizes that women often limit negotiations to salary, but research reveals there are 76 different workplace items that can be negotiated. Major gender gaps exist in areas like stock options (80% gap) and performance bonuses (72% gap), often surpassing salary disparities. Other negotiable items include promotions, resources, project deadlines, credit for ideas, and conference attendance. Valentine encourages women to create a mental list of negotiation targets, allowing for multiple avenues of success. She references Nobel economist Claudia Goldin's research showing that negotiating for promotion opportunities can yield substantial long-term financial benefits.
Valentine presents the relational ask formula, which frames requests as legitimate and serving shared goals, virtually eliminating the risk of negative repercussions. The formula involves four steps: discuss past performance, identify mutual goals, make the request, and stop talking. Research confirms this approach minimizes backlash; when the request is denied, it becomes merely an informational "no," not a personal setback. This structured approach reframes self-advocacy as collaborative problem-solving, building legitimacy and mutual benefit.
Valentine and Monahan point out that using collaborative language (such as "How can we make this happen?") results in meaningful exchange and smoother agreement. While men may be tolerated for aggressive negotiation styles, women frequently face negative consequences. Collaborative negotiation not only increases the likelihood of agreement but also allows women to feel authentic and aligned with their values. Valentine stresses that while some women may naturally excel in competitive environments, collaborating and problem-solving are effective strategies that produce lasting workplace success.
Valentine emphasizes that avoiding negotiation has significant financial and professional consequences.
Valentine points to research by Linda Babcock showing that never negotiating is like leaving a million dollars on the table over the course of your career. She further cites Margaret Neal of Stanford, whose analysis shows that avoiding negotiation can require working an additional eight years to retire with the same wealth as peers who do negotiate. Valentine explains that these costs are especially pronounced for women, whose missed opportunities compound over decades.
Valentine identifies a key mistake: many women wait until their annual review to make their ask, losing negotiating power. She advises having conversations with managers ahead of the formal review period, ideally in the fourth quarter. By approaching the boss early, employees give managers time to incorporate requests into budget planning, increasing the likelihood of success. She quotes negotiator Chris Voss: you're only as good as your strongest alternative. Having backup options and starting early gives leverage and confidence critical for maximizing negotiation success.
Valentine and Monahan agree that AI platforms are valuable tools for practicing negotiation in low-stakes ways. Valentine describes using AI to role-play negotiations based on real scenarios, allowing practitioners to experience different angles without real-world pressure. However, Valentine cautions that AI can inherit existing biases—she cites a study where AI advised women to request 40% less than it recommended for men with the same background.
Both stress viewing negotiation as an everyday skill to practice. Valentine suggests beginning with micro-negotiations such as asking for a discount at a store, gradually moving to higher-stakes scenarios. Building a track record of small wins through micro-negotiations reprograms the brain to anticipate mutually satisfactory outcomes and boosts confidence.
Valentine describes how planning a reward immediately after a negotiation primes the mind for positivity. Monahan adds that one's energy is perceptible and can influence outcomes: approaching negotiations from fear transmits negativity, while positivity boosts results. Both underscore the importance of affirming personal worth ahead of negotiations. Valentine recommends imagining advising a friend with a similar background—this helps clarify what is truly fair and worth requesting. Reframing negotiation requests as mutually beneficial, rather than self-serving, shifts focus away from anxiety and fosters confidence.
Valentine and Monahan emphasize that negotiation tactics should align with one's personality, values, and context. Authenticity in negotiations makes individuals more comfortable and successful. Valentine notes that commonly taught negotiation tactics are often based on male-centered research, so women should customize their negotiation toolkit. She gives the example of a woman with military training who excels with assertive approaches—such strategies suit her authentic self. The goal is to double the number of available tactics so each woman can choose methods that are authentic and contextually appropriate. Monahan concludes that self-worth and authenticity are fundamental: practicing helps women embody worthiness, become more competent negotiators, and show up for themselves in a way others will recognize and respect.
1-Page Summary
Negotiating for oneself in the workplace poses unique challenges for women compared to men. Research and real-world experience demonstrate these negotiations are shaped by deeply ingrained gender norms, leading to significant gender-based backlash and lower success rates for women.
Studies show women who advocate for themselves in negotiations face significantly higher risk of backlash compared to men. While men encounter pushback when negotiating flexibility (seen as nontraditional for men), women face resistance in nearly any workplace negotiation around resources, which are common professional conversations.
This pattern is rooted in early childhood socialization. From a young age, boys are encouraged to exert power, manipulate their environment, and pursue their desires. Conversely, girls are socialized to be others-focused, attentive, and avoid upsetting others—seen through examples like girls caring for dolls. Research illustrates that gender non-congruent behaviors make others uncomfortable, creating a sense of unpredictability and triggering backlash. For example, even children as young as eight ask for far less than boys in reward scenarios, typically citing not wanting to upset anyone as their rationale. Similarly, when women negotiate assertively for themselves, it can provoke an almost instinctive negative reaction, because it violates these ingrained expectations.
Recent data shows women now negotiate at work slightly more often than men—about 2% more—but are only successful half as often as their male peers. This gap reveals that just encouraging women to negotiate more is not enough. Increased negotiation efforts without gender-specific strategies do not improve outcomes, because the playing field is not level.
Negotiation strategies that align with women's socialization—focusing on collaboration instead of confrontation—meaningfully reduce the risk of backlash. Approaching negotiation as a joint problem to solve ("us together versus the problem") instead of a zero-sum contest transforms the dynamic. This collaborative approach normalizes rejection; a "no" becomes simple feedback rather than a trigger for exclusion or retaliation. The historical experience many women have is that failed negotiations come with personal or social cost, but collaboration dramatically reduces this risk.
Applying gender-informed tactics not only reduces backlash but also boosts confidence and results. When women use these collaborative, others-focused negotiation strategies, research shows their confidence grows and success rates rise.
Gender-Based Backlash in Workplace Negotiations
Negotiation expert Kathryn Valentine outlines a comprehensive approach for women to achieve more successful outcomes in workplace negotiations. Her advice moves beyond traditional salary discussions, focusing on holistic thinking, relational techniques to avoid backlash, and collaborative strategies that align with women’s authentic values and experiences.
Valentine emphasizes that women often limit negotiations to salary, but research reveals there are 76 different workplace items that can be negotiated. Major gender gaps exist in areas like stock options (with an 80% gender gap, according to the Wall Street Journal) and performance bonuses (a 72% gap, per Robert Walters), often surpassing the disparity in salary. Other negotiable items include promotions, dedicated conference rooms, resources needed for job performance, project deadlines, credit for ideas, travel opportunities with leadership, and attendance at conferences. Valentine encourages women to consider this vast universe of items rather than focusing solely on salary.
Strategic negotiation for promotions is particularly important, with Valentine referencing Nobel economist Claudia Goldin's research showing that negotiating for promotion opportunities can yield substantial long-term financial benefits. To increase effectiveness, women should create a mental list of negotiation targets. This approach allows for multiple avenues of success; if one request is denied, women can pursue others rather than abandoning negotiation altogether. A comprehensive list of negotiable items is available at 76things.com, providing resources for women seeking to expand their negotiation scope.
Women often encounter backlash when negotiating assertively. Valentine presents a solution: the relational ask formula, which frames requests as legitimate and serving shared goals, virtually eliminating the risk of negative repercussions.
The formula involves four steps:
For example, a Chief Revenue Officer seeking a board seat should describe their impact, connect the request to company-wide improvement, ask directly for the seat, and then wait for a response. Research confirms this approach minimizes backlash; when the request is denied, it becomes merely an informational "no," not a personal setback.
This structured approach also reframes self-advocacy as collaborative problem-solving, not as self-serving or competitive. It builds legitimacy and mutual benefit, counteracting stereotypes that often penalize women for advocating on the ...
Three Key Negotiation Strategies For Women
Kathryn Valentine emphasizes that avoiding negotiation in your career has significant financial and professional consequences. She underscores that not negotiating is a very expensive decision, often overlooked by many professionals.
Valentine points to research by Linda Babcock, noting that never negotiating is like leaving a million dollars on the table over the course of your career. This comparison is based on calculations of lifetime earnings and benefits lost simply by not initiating negotiations at key moments.
She further cites Margaret Neal of Stanford, whose analysis shows that avoiding negotiation can require working an additional eight years to retire with the same wealth as peers who do negotiate. This math highlights that the financial impact isn’t just about annual salary but compounds into many more years of necessary work to match the negotiating peer’s retirement position.
Valentine explains that these costs are especially pronounced for women, whose missed opportunities can accumulate over decades, placing them at a lasting disadvantage.
Valentine identifies a key mistake: many women wait until the last moment, such as during an annual review, to make their ask. By waiting until their backs are against the wall and without alternatives, women lose negotiating power and may not get the best outcome.
She advises having conversations ...
The Financial and Career Cost Of Avoiding Negotiation
Kathryn Valentine and Heather Monahan agree that AI platforms are a valuable tool for practicing negotiation in low-stakes ways. Valentine describes using AI to role-play negotiations based on real scenarios—for example, inputting the type of boss, context, and timing, and then practicing how to approach the conversation. With AI’s voice settings, practitioners can simulate real-life negotiation dynamics, review responses, and experiment with phrasing, obstacles, and emotional reactions, all without real-world pressure. Monahan emphasizes that running through negotiations with AI allows users to experience different angles and feelings, which identifies the approaches that make them feel most powerful.
Valentine cautions, however, that AI can inherit existing biases. She cites a study where AI advised women to request 40% less than it recommended for men with the same background, because AI reflects existing societal biases. She advises users to either explicitly ask AI to correct for gender bias or to benchmark results with trusted contacts rather than relying on AI suggestions alone.
Both stress viewing negotiation as an everyday skill to practice and improve, like communication. Valentine suggests beginning with micro-negotiations such as asking for a discount at a store or credit at work, gradually moving to higher-stakes scenarios. Building a track record of small wins through micro-negotiations starts to reprogram the brain, so it anticipates mutually satisfactory outcomes and boosts confidence for larger negotiations. Monahan notes that these practices erase the misconception that negotiations must be combative and instead reinforce positive experiences and wellbeing.
Valentine describes how planning a reward or enjoyable activity immediately after a negotiation primes the mind for positivity. Knowing that a pleasant experience—such as meeting friends after—awaits, enables individuals to approach the negotiation with energy and optimism, which they bring into the discussion itself. Monahan adds that one’s energy is perceptible and can influence outcomes: approaching negotiations from fear or scarcity transmits negativity, while positivity boosts results.
Both speakers underscore the importance of affirming personal worth ahead of negotiations. Valentine recommends imagining advising a friend or one’s child with a similar background—this helps clarify what is truly fair and worth requesting and auto-corrects for typical underestimation. Monahan agrees, emphasizing that women are often better advocates for others than themselves, and that one must believe in their worth before expecting anyone else to value it.
Reframing negotiation requests as mutually beneficial, rather than self-serving, is another key tactic. Monahan explains that focusing on how negotiating better conditions allows you to help others (whether in a speaking scenario or workplace context) shifts focus away from anxiety and fosters confidence.
Practical Implementation and Mindset Tactics
Download the Shortform Chrome extension for your browser
