Podcasts > Creating Confidence with Heather Monahan > Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

By Heather Monahan

In this episode of Creating Confidence with Heather Monahan, Dr. Richard Winters of the Mayo Clinic examines how leaders can adapt their decision-making approaches to different situations. He explains the balance between swift crisis management and collaborative problem-solving, and outlines how leaders can transition from relying on personal expertise to leveraging group wisdom.

The episode covers strategies for facilitating effective team discussions and managing organizational change. Dr. Winters addresses the factors contributing to employee burnout and well-being, including purpose alignment, autonomy, and workplace relationships. He shares practical approaches for supporting employee engagement and fostering innovation through cross-departmental collaboration and diverse perspectives.

Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

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Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

1-Page Summary

Adaptable Leadership

Winters emphasizes that modern leadership requires the ability to adapt to various situations. He explains that effective leaders must balance between making swift decisions during crises and facilitating collaborative problem-solving during stable times. As leaders advance in their careers, they often transition from relying on personal expertise to leveraging collective wisdom through group decision-making processes.

Facilitating Effective Discussions and Decision-Making

In managing team discussions, Winters recommends using breakout groups to ensure quieter voices are heard, followed by group report-outs to surface diverse perspectives. During high-stakes situations like crises, leaders must act decisively with incomplete information while protecting organizational values. However, in less urgent situations, Winters advocates for a facilitative approach that brings groups together for informed decision-making rather than imposing top-down solutions.

Supporting Employee Wellbeing and Engagement

Winters describes burnout as a combination of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and decreased effectiveness. He identifies key organizational factors that influence well-being, including purpose alignment, autonomy, adequate resources, and strong workplace relationships. To drive engagement, leaders should facilitate team collaboration, ensure employees feel heard, and provide opportunities for growth. Rather than dictating solutions, Winters suggests leaders should adopt a coaching role, helping employees discover their own answers through reflection and exploration.

Leading Change and Innovation

When steering organizations through change, Winters emphasizes the importance of balancing traditional practices with new approaches suited to current challenges. He suggests that innovation requires leaders to step back from their expertise and instead guide groups through collective problem-solving processes. Creating opportunities for cross-departmental interaction and fostering diverse perspectives are crucial for sparking innovative solutions and ensuring organizational buy-in.

1-Page Summary

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While adaptability is crucial, some argue that consistent leadership styles can provide stability and predictability for teams, which is also valuable.
  • Swift decision-making in crises can be critical, but there's a risk of leaders becoming too autocratic under stress, which may alienate team members.
  • Group decision-making is beneficial, but it can sometimes lead to slower decision processes or a phenomenon known as "groupthink," where dissenting opinions are suppressed for the sake of harmony.
  • Breakout groups can help quieter voices be heard, but they may also fragment the team's focus and dilute the coherence of the discussion if not managed effectively.
  • Group report-outs are useful, but they can also lead to information overload or a lack of depth in understanding if too many perspectives are shared without adequate synthesis.
  • Acting decisively with incomplete information can sometimes lead to errors in judgment that could have been avoided with more thorough analysis.
  • A facilitative approach to decision-making is ideal in theory, but it may not always be practical in fast-paced business environments where time is of the essence.
  • The factors contributing to burnout are more complex and may extend beyond the workplace, including personal life stressors and individual psychological traits.
  • While fostering team collaboration is important, too much emphasis on collaboration can sometimes lead to a neglect of individual accountability and performance.
  • The coaching role of leaders is beneficial, but some employees may require more direct guidance and instruction, depending on their level of expertise and confidence.
  • Balancing traditional practices with new approaches is a delicate act, and some organizations may benefit from a more radical transformation rather than a balanced approach, depending on the context.
  • Innovation through collective problem-solving is important, but individual creativity and leadership should not be undervalued as they can also be significant sources of innovation.
  • Cross-departmental interaction is generally positive, but it can also lead to conflicts or a diffusion of responsibility if not managed with clear goals and roles.

Actionables

  • You can enhance your adaptability by practicing decision-making in varied scenarios through role-playing games with friends or family. For example, create a game night where each person presents a different crisis or stable situation, and you must decide on the spot or facilitate a group decision. This simulates the leadership balance between swift decisions and collaborative problem-solving.
  • Develop a habit of reflective journaling to transition from personal expertise to collective wisdom. Start by writing down daily experiences where you made decisions based on your expertise. Then, reflect on how these situations could have benefited from group input, and plan to incorporate others' perspectives in future decisions.
  • Create a personal "innovation lab" by dedicating time each week to connect with individuals from different backgrounds or departments within your network. Use this time to discuss challenges and brainstorm solutions, fostering a habit of seeking diverse perspectives and cross-pollinating ideas that could lead to innovative solutions in your own context.

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Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

Adaptable Leadership

Leadership today requires agility and adaptability to meet the ever-changing challenges of the modern environment.

Leaders Adapt Style To Situational and Team Needs

Adaptable leaders possess the skill to switch between decisive action and collaborative problem-solving based on the demands of the situation.

Adaptive Leaders Thrive In all Situations

Winters asserts that change occurs rapidly, demanding leaders who can step up and make difficult decisions swiftly, adapting to evolving situations. The best leaders are those who can adeptly navigate crises as well as more stable times. They demonstrate command in urgent scenarios but also engage and unify groups when the situation allows.

Effective Leaders Make Quick Decisions When Needed, but Also Facilitate Group Discussions to Gain Diverse Perspectives

In times of crisis, effective leaders must trust their intuition and make immediate decisions. Conversely, outside of such high-pressure situations, strong leadership involves gathering diverse perspectives and generating a collaborative environment. By sensing the surrounding environment and evolving with it, leaders can thrive in any situation by adjusting their leadership style to what the moment requires.

Leaders Should Not Over-Rely On Expertise and Experience

As leaders progress in their careers, they often transition from relying predominantly on their personal expertise to harnessing the power of collective problem-solving.

From Unilateral Decisions to Group Problem-Solving as Leaders Grow

Winters shares his personal experience transitioning from an emergency physician, u ...

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Adaptable Leadership

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Counterarguments

  • While adaptability is important, some argue that consistent leadership styles can provide stability and predictability for teams, which is also valuable.
  • The idea that leaders should switch between leadership styles might not account for the fact that some leaders are more effective when they specialize in a particular style that aligns with their strengths and values.
  • The assertion that leaders should make quick decisions in a crisis can be problematic if it leads to hasty or poorly considered actions; sometimes, even in urgent situations, taking a moment to assess can lead to better outcomes.
  • The emphasis on group problem-solving and collective decision-making might overlook the need for clear accountability. In some cases, it can be more effective for a single leader to make a decision to avoid decision paralysis.
  • The notion that leaders should evolve from relying on personal expertise to collective problem-solving could undervalue the importance of expert knowledge and experience in certain leadership roles and industries.
  • The idea that true leadership involves guiding rather than ordering may not always apply in situations whe ...

Actionables

  • You can practice decision-making agility by setting up a "scenario day" with friends or colleagues where you role-play various leadership challenges. For example, create a mock situation where a quick decision is needed, such as a product recall, and then switch to a scenario that requires collaborative problem-solving, like developing a new marketing strategy. This exercise will help you adapt your leadership style to different situations.
  • Develop a "feedback loop" system in your daily life by asking for input on your decisions from a diverse group of people you trust. This could be as simple as starting a group chat where you share a decision you're facing and encourage everyone to weigh in with their perspectives. Over time, this will help you value diverse opinions and practice collective decision-making.
  • Create a personal "leadership journal" where ...

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Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

Facilitating Effective Discussions and Decision-Making

Richard Winters provides insight into the nuances of leading teams and decisions, from encouraging diverse viewpoints to navigating high-stakes situations.

Leaders Should Use Processes to Surface Diverse Viewpoints and Reach Understanding

Managing High-Emotion Disagreements

Winters tackles the challenge of high-emotion disagreements, especially during political seasons. By acknowledging that existing expertise may not provide the ultimate solution, he alludes to the importance of managing these disagreements. When people share opinions, they often find their viewpoints are not all that different, which aids in moving the group forward together.

Breakouts and Structured Reporting Can Amplify Quieter Voices

Winters recommends using breakout groups to discuss complex problems, enabling quieter voices to articulate their ideas in a safer environment, followed by group report-outs to surface diverse perspectives to the broader team. He suggests that during complex decisions, it's important to regulate the discussion so that loud voices become more considerate and quiet voices are amplified, ensuring a balanced dialogue before decision-making.

Timely Decisions With Incomplete Information

In Crises, Leaders Must Act Swiftly and Seek Expert Input

In times of crisis, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic or emergencies like a tornado, Winters emphasizes the need for leaders to act quickly and make timely decisions with incomplete information, all while protecting the organization's values and mission. This involves sometimes making executive decisions without the luxury of extensive group discussion.

Leaders Should Facilitate, Not Impose, In Decision-Making

Winters notes the detrimental effects of decisions being rushed or dominated by a few vocal individuals in meetings, which ca ...

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Facilitating Effective Discussions and Decision-Making

Additional Materials

Counterarguments

  • While structured processes can help surface diverse viewpoints, they can also be rigid and stifle the organic flow of ideas, potentially limiting creativity and spontaneity in discussions.
  • Acknowledging the limitations of expertise is important, but it can also undermine the confidence in and the authority of experts, which can be detrimental in situations where specialized knowledge is crucial.
  • Breakout groups can help quieter voices be heard, but they may also fragment the overall discussion and lead to a lack of cohesion in the team's understanding of the issues at hand.
  • Regulating discussions to balance participation might inadvertently suppress passionate debate and the exchange of ideas, which can be essential for thoroughly vetting decisions.
  • Making timely decisions in crises is critical, but acting too swiftly can lead to oversight and mistakes that could have been avoided with more deliberate consideration.
  • Executive decisions made without group discussion can be efficient, but they can also lead to a lack of buy-in from team members and a feeling of disempowerment.
  • Facilitating rather than imposing decisions is generally positive, but there are circumstances where a more directive approach may be necessary to achieve goals or maintain ...

Actionables

  • You can create a "perspective map" to visually represent different team members' viewpoints on a project. Start by drawing a central idea or question in the middle of a large paper or digital canvas. Invite each team member to add their thoughts, connecting lines to show how ideas relate or differ. This can help identify common ground and unique insights, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of the team's collective perspective.
  • Develop a "voice equalizer" technique for meetings where you assign a specific amount of speaking time to each participant. Use a timer to ensure that everyone has an equal opportunity to contribute, especially in high-stakes or emotional discussions. This can help balance participation and prevent dominant voices from overshadowing others, leading to more democratic and considered decision-making.
  • Initiate a "decisio ...

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Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

Supporting Employee Wellbeing and Engagement

Richards Winters and other experts address how leaders can prevent burnout and maintain employee engagement, emphasizing that both are critical for organizational success and individual well-being.

Leaders Prevent Burnout and Maintain Engagement

Burnout Is Influenced by Organizational Factors: Purpose Alignment, Autonomy, Resources, Relationships

Winters describes burnout as a combination of emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and decreased effectiveness. He suggests that individual wellness—encompassing things like sleep, nutrition, exercise, and positive interactions—can affect feelings of exhaustion. He emphasizes the role organizations play in contributing to burnout. He asks whether interactions with the organization are positive and whether organizational decisions are supportive of employee well-being.

Well-being within an organization involves alignment with its purpose, mission, and values, which is critical for employee engagement. A misalignment can harm employee satisfaction. Autonomy, or the ability to participate in decision-making, strongly links to well-being. When employees feel unheard or dominated by louder voices in meetings, their autonomy diminishes. Therefore, having the necessary resources to fulfill responsibilities and opportunities for growth are viewed as essential elements for an employee's well-being.

Furthermore, strong relationships with colleagues and the comfort in making mistakes are vital for psychological safety. Leaders should ensure employees feel aligned with the organization's purpose by telling stories that reinforce the mission and values and embodying these values themselves. Consistency between organizational values and decision-making, such as promoting teamwork through inclusive decision processes, is touted as best practice.

Winters addresses the necessity of leaders in preventing burnout by making sure individuals have the resources to fulfill their duties. He mentions that leaders are responsible for recognizing and addressing burnout within their teams and reflecting on how their actions and the organization's value approaches impact employees.

Engagement Needs Meaning, Inclusion, and Growth

Leaders Drive Engagement By Facilitating Team Collaboration

Engagement is portrayed as essential for organizations. It means having employees who are involved and actively contributing. Well-being is tethered tightly to engagement; when employees feel their values are aligned with the organization, they are more likely to engage. Factors promoting engagement and well-being include autonomy, sufficient resources, growth opportunities, and identification with company purpose and values.

Being heard and understanding the reasoning behind decisions can increase engagement, even if one initially disagreed. Leaders should understand employees' challenges by asking questions rather than trying to 'fix' problems directly.

Winters advises leaders to steer by asking questions to understand em ...

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Supporting Employee Wellbeing and Engagement

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Counterarguments

  • Autonomy can sometimes lead to a lack of clear direction or confusion about roles and responsibilities if not managed properly.
  • Too much emphasis on alignment with organizational purpose and values might overlook the diversity of personal values and goals among employees.
  • The assumption that all employees want to engage in self-discovery and reflection may not hold true for everyone, as some may prefer clear guidance and direction.
  • The idea that storytelling by leaders can always effectively reinforce organizational purpose and values may not resonate with all employees, especially if they perceive a disconnect between stories and actual practices.
  • The effectiveness of leaders acting as coaches depends on the leaders' ability to coach and the employees' receptiveness to this style, which can vary widely.
  • The focus on preventing burnout might inadvertently put pressure on employees to manage their well-being in ways that align with organizational goals, potentially neglecting individual needs.
  • The concept of psychological safety being vital for well-being may not account for individuals who thrive in high-pressure environments and see risk-taking without the assurance of safety as a growth opportunity.
  • The suggestion that sha ...

Actionables

  • You can create a personal resource kit to prevent burnout by assembling tools that help you manage stress, such as a journal for reflection, a list of go-to relaxation techniques, and contact information for a support network of friends or mentors.
    • Having a go-to kit means you're prepared to tackle stress before it escalates. For example, if you're feeling overwhelmed, you might take a moment to write down your thoughts, practice deep breathing, or call a friend who understands your work challenges.
  • Start a peer support group at work to enhance psychological safety and build strong relationships with colleagues.
    • This could be a casual, regular meetup where you and your coworkers share challenges and successes in a non-judgmental space. It's a chance to practice active listening and offer support, which can strengthen team bonds and make everyone feel more comfortable speaking up and making mistakes.
  • Implement a "decision diary" to track and reflect on the decisions you m ...

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Confidence Classic: How Exceptional Leaders Map Decisions, Counter Burnout, and Lead Through Crisis with Dr. Richard Winters, Director of Leadership Development, Mayo Clinic

Leading Change and Innovation

Leading change and innovation requires a delicate balance of respecting organizational traditions while embracing new methods suited to the current environment. Facilitating collaboration and inclusive problem-solving are key to navigating these challenges.

Overcoming Resistance to Change: Acknowledge Best Practices and Adapt

Recognizing when to adhere to established best practices and when to seek out new solutions is crucial for leaders steering their organizations through change.

Leaders Must Balance Respecting Traditions With Being Open to New Approaches That Fit the Current Environment

Winters acknowledges the tension that comes with organizational tradition and culture, emphasizing the importance of group decision-making when assessing whether old practices still fit the changing environment. Monahan, speaking from experience in the traditional but declining radio business, notes that relying solely on standard best practices proved ineffective as revenues continued to fall.

Assessing Practices to Drive Change

Winters further emphasizes the need for collective problem-solving in complex situations where expertise and traditional approaches may fall short. He suggests looking at data and working together to find new paths forward, highlighting that in the face of ineffective practices, an inclusive approach that leverages diverse voices within the group is essential to sparking innovative ideas and solutions.

Innovation Requires Setting Aside Expertise For Collective Problem-Solving

It's not enough for leaders to provide solutions; they must foster an environment where groups collaborate to deeply understand and address intricate problems.

Leaders Should Guide Groups to Understand Complex Problems, Not Just Provide Solutions

Winters contends that strong leadership in innovation involves guiding groups to grasp comp ...

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Leading Change and Innovation

Additional Materials

Clarifications

  • Organizational traditions refer to the established customs, routines, values, and practices that have developed over time within a company. These traditions shape how employees interact, make decisions, and approach work. They often provide stability and a sense of identity but can also resist change. Understanding these traditions helps leaders know what to preserve and what to adapt during innovation.
  • "Best practices" are methods or techniques widely accepted as superior because they produce optimal results. They are often based on experience, research, and proven success in similar situations. Organizations use best practices to standardize processes and improve efficiency. However, what is considered a best practice can change as environments and technologies evolve.
  • Group decision-making involves multiple people contributing their knowledge and perspectives to reach a consensus or a well-rounded solution. It reduces individual biases and leverages diverse expertise, leading to more innovative and effective outcomes. This process also increases commitment to the decision, as participants feel their input is valued. Techniques like brainstorming, voting, or facilitated discussions help structure group decision-making.
  • Collective problem-solving involves multiple people working together to analyze and address an issue, combining diverse perspectives and expertise. Unlike individual problem-solving, it leverages group dynamics to generate more creative and comprehensive solutions. This approach also fosters shared ownership and commitment to the outcomes. It is especially effective for complex problems that exceed one person's knowledge or skills.
  • Setting aside expertise means temporarily pausing reliance on individual specialists to encourage broader input. This helps prevent narrow thinking and groupthink, which can limit innovation. It allows diverse perspectives to surface, fostering creative problem-solving. The goal is to combine varied insights for a more comprehensive understanding.
  • Facilitating collaboration brings together diverse perspectives, which increases the range of ideas and solutions. It encourages open communication, reducing misunderstandings and fostering trust among team members. Collaborative environments stimulate creativity by allowing individuals to build on each other's insights. This collective problem-solving accelerates innovation by combining knowledge and skills that no single person possesses alone.
  • Dinners and small group discussions create informal settin ...

Counterarguments

  • Balancing tradition with innovation can sometimes lead to indecision or a lack of clear direction, as leaders may struggle to determine the right time to shift from one to the other.
  • Overemphasis on collaboration can sometimes slow down decision-making processes, especially in situations where quick action is needed.
  • Group decision-making may not always lead to the best outcomes if the group suffers from dynamics like groupthink, where the desire for harmony or conformity results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.
  • Relying on data and group input to find new paths forward assumes that all necessary data is available and that group members are capable of interpreting it correctly, which may not always be the case.
  • Setting aside individual expertise in favor of collective problem-solving may not always be the most efficient approach, especially in highly specialized fields where expert knowledge is crucial.
  • Guiding groups to understand complex problems deeply can be resource-intensive and may not be feasible for all organizations, particularly smaller ones with limited time and personnel.
  • The assumption that diverse perspectives will naturally coalesce into a shared understanding may o ...

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