In this episode of the All-In podcast, Billy Evans—husband of convicted Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes—shares his perspective on their relationship, her legal case, and the media narrative surrounding her conviction. Evans discusses how he met Holmes, their life together during her trial, and the reality of her current imprisonment at a federal facility in Texas, where she is serving over 11 years for investor fraud.
Evans challenges the portrayal of Holmes as a calculated deceiver, arguing that media focus on her appearance and mannerisms reflects gender bias. He details his disagreements with her sentencing, explains why he believes her silence during the controversy was a strategic mistake, and describes a new documentary that attempts to show Holmes beyond the Theranos story. The episode also covers Evans's new diagnostic technology venture and addresses comparisons between his company and Theranos.

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Billy Evans met Elizabeth Holmes at a Fleet Week party in San Francisco on October 7, 2017, where he spent hours in conversation with someone he initially knew only as "Elizabeth." He was surprised to discover she was the controversial Theranos CEO, finding it difficult to reconcile the person he was talking to with the negative media narrative surrounding her. Their offices were just two doors apart on Page Mill Road, which facilitated their growing friendship over the next six months. The relationship turned romantic just three weeks before Elizabeth's indictment, with Billy meeting her parents on that traumatic night.
The couple spent eight months traveling the country in an RV to escape media scrutiny, hiking during the day and working at night while being constantly photographed and criticized for their public appearances. Their son was born on July 10th, just before Elizabeth's trial began, with trial days starting at 4:30 a.m. as Elizabeth pumped breast milk and prepared for court. Their daughter was born after Elizabeth's sentencing. Billy now manages his business, raises both children alone, and ensures they visit Elizabeth weekly in prison, with explanations about her absence adjusted to each child's developmental level.
Elizabeth Holmes was acquitted on all patient fraud counts related to the 12.5 million tests Theranos conducted, but was convicted of defrauding three investors and conspiracy to commit fraud. This conspiracy conviction gave the judge authority to consider aggravating factors that expanded her sentencing beyond the base fraud charges. She received 135 months (11.25 years) in prison, with restitution set at $435 million—70% of any commissary money is deducted toward this debt.
Billy Evans contends that the government inflated both the loss amount and victim count by including investors not directly connected to her conviction, increasing the sentence from a possible 4.5-5 years to over 11 years. He notes that less than $100 million of losses involve the three investors from her conviction, while the larger figure aggregates the 10 biggest Theranos investors, including Rupert Murdoch. Recently, Elizabeth received a one-year sentence reduction following changes to sentencing guidelines, during which even the government admitted no evidence showed the wealthy investors experienced actual financial hardship.
Throughout her case, Elizabeth rigidly followed the judge's instruction to litigate in court rather than through media, never publicly defending herself despite extensive negative coverage. Billy and David Friedberg regard this silence as a significant strategic error.
Billy Evans strongly disagrees with media portrayals depicting Elizabeth as a calculated deceiver, arguing that focus on her black turtleneck, deep voice, and presentation is deeply sexist. He points out that a male entrepreneur with similar traits would be praised for storytelling ability and conviction, while Elizabeth is painted as manipulative. Billy describes his personal experience of Elizabeth as someone with genuine belief in her mission, exceptional listening skills, childlike wonder about the world, and idealistic values shaped by parents devoted to public service.
He emphasizes that Theranos ran 12.5 million patient tests with hundreds of employees working over 16 years on a difficult diagnostic problem—not a calculated fraud by one person. Billy explains that revenue shortfalls resulted from Walgreens defaulting on contracts after adverse press, not fabricated numbers. He notes that nearly everyone who meets Elizabeth in person—including his initially skeptical friends and family—changes their perception after spending time with her in ordinary settings.
Elizabeth has served 1,205 days at Bryan Federal Prison in Texas, a minimum-security facility housing 800 women. Billy describes every day as "incredibly painful," with only about 30 women receiving visitors most weekends among 800 inmates. Visits are marked by distressing separations, with children often crying and screaming for their mothers. The 70% restitution deduction from commissary funds makes it difficult for Elizabeth to afford basics beyond what the prison provides, though she manages to buy items like nuts and trail mix.
President Trump's First Step Act allows Elizabeth to earn up to 16 days off her sentence for every 30 days in recidivism-reduction programs, potentially enabling transfer to a halfway house as early as the second quarter of next year. Communication is heavily monitored, with Billy and Elizabeth mindful not to violate rules during calls. The separation makes it nearly impossible for Elizabeth to maintain her role in their children's development.
Billy Evans explains that the documentary "You Can See Everything" aims to show Elizabeth as she really is, filmed during a period when she couldn't address the Theranos case due to legal restrictions. The project focuses on her personal life in authentic environments rather than orchestrated settings, hoping viewers can make up their own minds. However, Billy worries the editing may reinforce existing stereotypes rather than reveal her true character. The documentary has been in production for three years, with Billy questioning whether the dramatic trailer's dark tone serves commercial interests by maintaining a negative portrayal.
Separately, Billy is building Hemanthes, a photonics diagnostic technology company using Raman spectroscopy—shining lasers through biological samples to reveal chemical composition through color-shifted scattered light. Drawing on his expertise from Luminar, where he worked on LIDAR systems, Billy aims to miniaturize expensive laboratory equipment into affordable, accessible diagnostic devices that generate comprehensive datasets for AI analysis. He's frustrated by media characterizations of Hemanthes as "Theranos 2.0," emphasizing that his company uses established, transparent scientific techniques rather than proprietary claims, focusing on accuracy and enabling real scientific progress.
1-Page Summary
Billy Evans first meets Elizabeth Holmes at a Fleet Week party on the rooftop of a venture capitalist's house in San Francisco on October 7, 2017. He attends the party reluctantly and expects to stay briefly but ends up spending several hours in conversation with Elizabeth, which creates an immediate and deep connection. He remembers her as just "Elizabeth" at first, noting her floppy hat, dark sunglasses, and a bandaid on her face from a scratch by her Husky puppy.
During their conversation, they discover that their offices are just two doors apart on Page Mill Road, an unexpected proximity that adds to their immediate connection. Only then does Billy realize he’s speaking to Elizabeth Holmes, the infamous CEO of Theranos, who is surrounded by scandal and negative media attention at the time. Despite knowing the harsh public narrative, Billy finds it challenging to reconcile the person in front of him with the reputation that precedes her, stating that his experience of her was completely different from what he had absorbed from media coverage.
Their adjacent offices on Page Mill Road provide context for ongoing interactions, paving the way for their friendship to grow.
After meeting, Billy and Elizabeth spend six months as friends, often walking their dogs together and developing a close bond. Their relationship transitions into romance only three weeks before Elizabeth's indictment. Billy describes the experience as intense, with the rapid shift from friendship to romance occurring under the stress of impending legal action.
Elizabeth's legal team initially assures her she will not be indicted, but this changes abruptly. The suddenness of the indictment is a shock to both, as Billy is unfamiliar with legal proceedings and finds the experience overwhelming.
The night of Elizabeth's indictment is also when Billy meets her parents for the first time, under the stressful and traumatic circumstances of legal crisis.
Seeking escape from relentless media attention in San Francisco, Billy and Elizabeth spend eight months traveling the United States in an off-road RV, accompanied by their Husky, Balto. They stay at trailer parks and national forests, hiking during the day and working at night to avoid surveillance and enjoy privacy.
The couple faces constant scrutiny, with people taking photos at restaurants and media outlets publishing critical articles about their public appearances and social activities. Every decision and outing is criticized and judged, making ordinary life uncomfortable and isolating.
Preparing for trial consumes much of their time, with late nights spent reviewing legal documents and little understanding of how Elizabeth’s story was being told by the outside world. The withdrawal from public life is as much about protecting their emotional well-being as about hiding from judgment.
Their son, Wills, is born July 10th, just months before Elizabeth’s federal trial begins. Their daughter is born after Elizabeth’s sentencing.
Trial days involve waking at 4:30 a.m. to ...
Billy and Elizabeth's Personal Relationship and Family Life
Elizabeth Holmes oversaw Theranos as it conducted about 12.5 million patient tests over 18 months. The government brought forward four patient cases, alleging fraud with inaccurate results. However, the jury acquitted Elizabeth on all patient fraud counts, as there was insufficient evidence to prove deliberate fraud related to test results. In contrast, she was found guilty of defrauding three investors through financial misrepresentation and was convicted of conspiracy with her partner to commit this fraud.
The conspiracy conviction was significant, as it gave the judge authority to go beyond the base sentencing for fraud. It enabled the inclusion of further aggravating factors during sentencing, expanding the scope beyond what the fraud charges alone would permit.
Elizabeth Holmes was sentenced to 135 months (11 and a quarter years) in prison for investor fraud. Sentencing guidelines considered many aggravating factors, such as the amount of financial loss and the number of alleged victims. Restitution was determined based on $435 million in losses, of which 70% of any commissary money sent to Elizabeth is deducted to repay victims, making it difficult for her to purchase items while incarcerated.
The government increased the reported loss and victim count by adding more investors—many of whom were never directly linked to the specific counts on which Holmes was convicted. According to Billy Evans, less than $100 million of the losses involve the three investors connected to her conviction; the larger $435 million figure comes from aggregating the 10 biggest Theranos investors, including Rupert Murdoch, to increase sentencing guidelines and escalation. These additions elevated Holmes’ sentence from a possible 4.5–5 years to over 11 years because they changed both the loss calculation and the classification to "fraud of 10 or more victims."
Throughout her trial, Elizabeth Holmes rigidly followed the judge’s instruction that the case be litigated exclusively in court rather than through the media. Billy Evans emphasizes that despite negative media, books, movies, and podcasts, Holmes refrained f ...
The Theranos Legal Case and Conviction
Extensive media portrayals have consistently depicted Elizabeth Holmes as a fraudster who knowingly deceived people for personal gain. Much attention has focused on her black turtleneck, deep voice, and careful public presentation, suggesting that these were calculated manipulations designed to win others’ trust. David Friedberg references the prevailing notion that Elizabeth’s apparent character “performance” was the origin of her supposed manipulation and fraud.
Billy Evans, however, strongly disagrees and argues that much of this focus is deeply sexist. He finds it outrageous that people attribute Holmes' ability to raise money to her “big blue eyes” or deep voice, stating that similar traits in a male entrepreneur would be lauded as storytelling ability and conviction. “Any guy that did that, people would say, wow, what an incredible ability to tell a story,” Billy explains, but when it comes to Elizabeth, the media paints her actions as deceitful. He believes that this double standard unfairly vilifies her and reflects broader gender biases rather than an objective assessment of her actions or intentions.
Billy’s personal experience with Elizabeth stands in contrast to her public image of manipulation. He describes Elizabeth as someone who believes deeply in her mission, whose most media-litigated traits actually stem from earnest conviction rather than personal trickery. Evans highlights her exceptional ability to listen and make others feel truly understood, noting that she is “incredible” at making people feel seen and heard.
He also speaks to her curiosity and “childlike wonder” about the world, marveling at ordinary things like airplanes overhead with a sense of awe others might consider naïve. Elizabeth’s upbringing further shaped this idealism: raised by government workers devoted to public service, she grew up in a family where the central dinner conversation was about alleviating suffering and helping others. Billy asserts that understanding a person’s parents and early environment is crucial to understanding who they are—Elizabeth’s parents, who remain close to Billy’s own family, are depicted as genuinely idealistic.
Billy emphasizes that the story of Theranos was not a calculated fraud orchestrated by one person but a massive, collective effort. The company ran around 12.5 million blood tests on patients in just 18 months, approaching the scale of the third-largest U.S. lab at the time. He notes that over 16 years, hundreds of employees worked tirelessly to solve a profoundly difficult diagnostic problem.
Addressing claims of fraudulent revenue projections, Billy explains that Theranos’s revenue loss was due to Walgreens defaulting o ...
Media Narrative Versus Elizabeth's True Character
Elizabeth has served 1,205 days at Bryan Federal Prison, a minimum-security "camp" in Texas housing 800 women. Despite the facility's reputation, the experience is marked by immense hardship. Billy Evans, Elizabeth’s partner, describes arriving and hugging her goodbye as one of the hardest moments of his life. He says every day since has been “incredibly painful,” and notes that many families are similarly unprepared for the realities of federal prison, even when paying consultants for guidance. Most weekends, only about 30 women receive visitors among the 800 inmates, and visits are scenes of distressing separation, with children often crying and screaming for their mothers.
Billy underscores the emotional toll the experience takes on families and especially on children. The sight of children leaving visits in tears leaves a lasting impression; kids are forced to say difficult goodbyes, and their farewells are often filled with anguish. This separation deeply affects the families, with mothers unable to maintain their roles in their children's daily lives.
A significant challenge for Elizabeth and her family is the restriction on finances due to the federal restitution obligation. Of any money sent to Elizabeth for the commissary, 70% is automatically deducted to go toward the $435 million she owes in restitution for her financial crimes. As a result, Elizabeth struggles to afford essentials beyond what the prison provides, making everyday life inside even more difficult.
Despite this financial hardship, Elizabeth manages to purchase vending machine items like nuts and trail mix, which Billy jokingly describes as her eating them “like a squirrel.” These treats are minor comforts in an otherwise restrictive environment.
Billy explains that President Trump’s First Step Act allows incarcerated people like Elizabeth to earn up to 16 days off their sentence for every 30 days they spend in recidivism-reduction programs. This legislation has offered Elizabeth hope for earlier release. Based on current calculations, she may be transferred to a halfway house as early as the second quarter of next year.
Understanding the federal prison “calculator” is complex. It involves several phases: the original sentence; the actual time spent wi ...
Life Managing Imprisonment and the Federal Prison System
Billy Evans describes the motivation behind the documentary "You Can See Everything" as an opportunity for the public to see Elizabeth Holmes as she really is, outside of media portrayals or the context of her legal case. Due to Elizabeth's 11-year sentence and prohibition from public communication, the documentary was filmed during a period when she could not address the Theranos case, so it focuses on her personal life, not relitigating the trial. Billy emphasizes that his intention was to show Elizabeth in authentic environments—going on hikes, spending time with friends, helping others—rather than in orchestrated settings. He shares that people close to him, who initially doubted his relationship with Elizabeth, changed their opinions after meeting her and seeing her natural demeanor. For Billy, the project aims to let others meet Elizabeth in a similar way through the film, giving viewers space to make up their own minds.
Billy voices concern that the editing choices in the documentary may reinforce existing stereotypes about her, rather than revealing her true character, especially given the tough period during which she became a mother and prepared to report to prison. He hopes the documentary will let the audience experience her story in a more nuanced and personal light.
The documentary has been in production for three years, far longer than initially planned. This delay, according to Billy, has fueled his anxiety regarding how Elizabeth will ultimately be portrayed and whether the documentary will achieve its intended goal. He points out that the dramatic trailer—with dark music and intense editing—supports the established media narrative of Elizabeth as a manipulative narcissist, rather than presenting a more humanizing or balanced view.
Billy and David Friedberg discuss the possibility that such dramatic marketing is driven by commercial considerations, with Billy questioning whether media financially benefit from maintaining a negative portrayal of Elizabeth. He openly wonders if the final documentary will contradict the sinister tone of the trailer or simply reinforce established prejudices.
Parallel to the documentary project, Billy Evans is leading a technology venture unrelated to Elizabeth Holmes or Theranos. Drawing on his expertise from his time at Luminar, where he helped build LIDAR systems for autonomous vehicles, Billy is now building Hemanthes—a company specializing in photonics and diagnostic technology. Hemanthes uses Raman spectroscopy, a well-known scientific technique in which lasers are shone through biological samples; the resulting scattered light shifts in color, revealing information about the sample's chemical composition. While this technique is standard in advanced research labs, the equipment is currently too expensive—often costing millions of dollars—and too complex and large for routine medical use.
Billy's company is striving to miniaturize this costly and complicated laboratory technol ...
The Documentary and Billy's Current Business Venture
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