In this episode of All-In with Chamath, Jason, Sacks & Friedberg, Senators John Fetterman and Dave McCormick discuss their approach to cross-party cooperation in Pennsylvania, where diverse constituencies require building broad coalitions. Despite representing different parties, both senators defend the filibuster as essential for compromise and find common ground on issues like energy policy, AI development, and border security.
The conversation covers Pennsylvania's emergence as a hub for AI and data center investment, with $92 billion in commitments creating jobs and economic growth in struggling communities. The senators also address concerns about political extremism in both parties, the role of primary elections in elevating extreme candidates, and the effects of partisan loyalty on policy evaluation. Additional topics include economic inequality, market-based solutions for expanding opportunity, and the impact of campaign finance on governance, with both senators acknowledging that their races cost hundreds of millions of dollars.

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Dave McCormick and John Fetterman emphasize that Pennsylvania voters expect meaningful collaboration from their representatives. Both senators flipped Senate seats by building broad coalitions and rejecting extreme partisan views, noting that Pennsylvania's mix of Democratic urban centers and Republican rural areas requires winning diverse coalitions to succeed statewide.
Despite party differences, they've found common ground on energy policy, the [restricted term] crisis, antisemitism, and drone technology. Both believe restoring trust in government requires respectful, productive engagement across party lines.
McCormick clarifies he's an unapologetic conservative who votes with his party, while Fetterman votes with Democrats 93% of the time and wouldn't change his positions even if he switched parties. Nevertheless, both consistently pursue bipartisan legislation because, as McCormick states, "you can do both." They argue that technological change and global competition make cooperation essential, especially on AI, energy, and border security.
Both senators defend the filibuster despite frustrations with slow Senate proceedings. Fetterman admits his party's past calls to abolish it were misguided and credits Senators Manchin and Sinema for resisting that push. He now views the filibuster as crucial for fostering compromise and protecting minority rights, warning that turning the Senate into a majority-rule institution would have profound negative implications for governance.
At Pennsylvania's Energy and Innovation Summit in July, $92 billion in investments from major AI and energy firms were secured, showcasing deep bipartisan agreement. According to McCormick, these investments are creating an "economic engine" and "rebirth" for Pennsylvania communities that have faced decades of population decline.
One flagship project in Homer City will use 3.4 gigawatts of power for a data center complex, with one gigawatt redirected to help lower energy prices. Tradespeople, particularly welders and electricians, are seeing unprecedented job security and wage growth, with young workers in their early twenties earning over $100,000 annually. Construction workers have experienced 25-30% wage hikes, and companies struggle to hire enough workers to meet demand.
McCormick notes that initial opposition to fracking was fueled by misinformation about environmental impacts, but economic benefits—including royalties and job creation—shifted public opinion dramatically. Pennsylvania is now the second-largest energy producer in the nation, and McCormick estimates 80% of Pennsylvanians now support fracking.
A similar pattern is emerging with data centers. Opposition stems from misinformation and local concerns, sometimes driven by foreign disinformation campaigns. However, when community leaders understand the benefits—tax revenue, infrastructure investments, job creation, and responsible resource use—skepticism turns to support. McCormick emphasizes the need for transparency and "a much clearer covenant" about what data centers bring to communities.
Fetterman and McCormick warn that the U.S. risks ceding its six-to-eight-month AI lead to China if data center construction is halted. Fetterman frames the debate as a choice: "Do you want America to build that chassis or do you want the Chinese to do that?" Both reject characterizing AI as purely harmful, with Fetterman refusing to "become a party of Luddites" and warning that obstructing AI development only benefits America's adversaries.
Both major parties are veering away from principle-based governance toward reflexive opposition, fostering the elevation of extremist candidates with severe implications for policy and national cohesion.
Fetterman voices concern about Democratic candidates openly identifying as communists and advocating for socialist or Marxist policies despite capitalism's global success. McCormick and Fetterman also note the growing mainstreaming of anti-Semitic sentiments and anti-Israel positions among Democratic candidates. Fetterman calls this a "profound betrayal" and expresses dismay at being isolated within his party for denouncing these stances.
Fetterman also points to Democratic candidates who have shown open disrespect to the military, noting a troubling lack of accountability within the party for such behavior.
The panel discusses how primary elections promote extreme candidates, as highly motivated activists dominate participation, even though general election voters prefer consensus-builders. In safe districts, representatives face constant pressure to avoid bipartisan collaboration and maintain ideological purity. Fetterman criticizes campaigns for focusing on outrage and personal attacks rather than meaningful policy debate.
Fetterman and David Friedberg discuss how partisan loyalty now overshadows substantive policy or moral evaluation, with voters backing flawed candidates due to tribalism and viewing criticism as unfair attacks. When party leaders support or ignore extremism, it normalizes views that previously would have led to disqualification. The panelists emphasize the urgent need for leaders and voters to oppose extremism within their own ranks.
Economic inequality is a pressing issue, with the wealthiest Americans seeing unprecedented gains while the working class experiences stagnation.
Jason Calacanis highlights discontent among the bottom half of the economy, and McCormick responds by noting that wealth concentration has left many behind, particularly in Pennsylvania where median income sits at $52,000 annually. He uses the example of his hometown mill that once employed 2,000 people but now supports only 100, fueling economic anxiety. McCormick cautions that without robust opportunities for working families, capitalism itself becomes unsustainable.
McCormick advocates for market-based approaches that empower individuals directly, pointing to the Working Families Tax Cut Act and Invest America Accounts as means of bypassing government inefficiency and ensuring resources are allocated efficiently through individual choice rather than bureaucracy.
David Friedberg contends that government intervention makes markets more inefficient and expensive, restricting accessibility and wealth creation. He argues that reducing government spending and market interference leads to more affordable goods, greater economic mobility, and broader access to wealth-building opportunities, expressing frustration that both parties tend to support increased government involvement despite evidence that freer markets yield better outcomes.
McCormick highlights that his Senate race cost $500 million, while Fetterman notes his 2022 race set a record at $330 million. Both predict spending will only rise in future cycles. Fetterman laments that $300 million was spent solely on attack ads rather than improving anything for Pennsylvanians, emphasizing how these resources could have been transformative if invested in infrastructure or education.
Fetterman contends that primary structure rewards extremism and punishes moderation, advocating for reforms that would move candidate selection beyond closed primaries and allow more moderate candidates to compete.
McCormick states that getting money out of politics wouldn't make his top five reforms list, though he agrees with the concept. He suggests that addressing polarization, extremism, and partisan incentives would do more to improve governance than focusing solely on campaign finance reform.
1-Page Summary
Dave McCormick emphasizes that Pennsylvania’s voters expect their representatives to work together meaningfully. Both he and John Fetterman highlight that they flipped Senate seats in their respective election cycles by appealing to broad coalitions and rejecting extreme views that polarize politics. They note the political landscape of Pennsylvania is a microcosm of the country, with urban centers like Philadelphia and Pittsburgh leaning Democratic and rural areas voting Republican. Winning statewide office requires building urban-rural coalitions, and this success depends on connecting with diverse working families, significant Latino and African American turnout, and even rank-and-file union members who may defy national endorsements.
The senators share that, despite party differences, they have found ways to collaborate on important issues like energy policy, combatting the [restricted term] crisis, fighting antisemitism, and advancing drone technology. They stress that solutions on these issues require cooperation across the aisle and a commitment to finding common ground. Fetterman and McCormick both believe that restoring trust in government stems from respectful, productive engagement and modeling bipartisan behavior even amid disagreement.
Despite their cooperation, both senators are clear that their core principles remain intact. McCormick clarifies that he is an unapologetic conservative whose voting record aligns with his party, while Fetterman votes with Democrats 93% of the time and asserts he would not change his policy stances even if his party allegiance shifted. Nevertheless, both consistently seek opportunities for bipartisan legislation and have collaborated on dozens of efforts because, as McCormick states, "you can do both."
They argue that technological change and global competition make bipartisan cooperation more essential than ever, especially in areas like AI, energy, and border security. Both senators emphasize the importance of prioritizing common ground and real-world progress over purely partisan victories, maintaining that the national interest should take precedence over scoring points for a party.
McCormick and Fetterman ...
Bipartisanship and Cross-Party Cooperation
At the Pennsylvania Energy and Innovation Summit in July, state leaders, top investors, energy and AI CEOs, and government officials, including Senator Fetterman, Governor Shapiro, the President, and the Cabinet, gathered as $92 billion in investments were secured from major AI and energy firms. The summit showcased deep bipartisan agreement, with broad representation from software, hardware, manufacturing, robotics, energy—including nuclear and fracking—and especially the trades. This investment surge is driving a dramatic transformation in Pennsylvania's economic landscape.
One flagship project in Homer City will use 3.4 gigawatts of power for a new data center complex, with one gigawatt redirected back onto the grid to help lower energy prices. Data centers are creating wide-ranging economic growth. According to Dave McCormick, new investments in the last 15-16 months have supported not just data centers and energy projects but also investments by US Steel, Eli Lilly, Hanwha, and the Philadelphia Shipyard. These projects are attracting and retaining other businesses due to the robust ecosystem created by data centers and their energy demands.
Tradespeople, particularly welders and electricians, benefit from unprecedented job security and wage growth. Young workers in their late teens and early 20s are earning over $100,000 annually, and companies are struggling to hire enough workers to meet demand. Construction workers have seen 25-30% wage hikes, with hundreds of thousands of new construction jobs created. Jobs are generated at four levels: thousands for data center and energy buildouts; hundreds for ongoing operations; periodic hardware upgrades providing further jobs every 3-4 years; and secondary roles in logistics, hospitality, and local services. For example, trucking associations estimate two logistics jobs are created for every direct data center job. McCormick describes these developments as an “economic engine” and a “rebirth” for Pennsylvania communities that have seen population decline for decades.
The initial opposition to fracking in Pennsylvania was fueled by misinformation regarding environmental impacts, such as groundwater contamination from methane. Despite early resistance, the economic benefits—including royalties for farmers and job creation—became clear over time. Pennsylvania is now the second-largest energy producer in the nation and would rank as the fourth-largest natural gas reserve globally if it were its own country. As economic benefits materialized, public opinion shifted: McCormick now estimates that 80% of Pennsylvanians support fracking, fifteen years after its introduction.
A similar pattern is emerging with data centers. Opposition often stems from misinformation and local concerns—such as fears that data centers will "destroy your community" or overwhelm local resources—as well as disinformation campaigns, sometimes driven by foreign actors like China seeking to slow U.S. tech advancement. However, conversations and clear communication are shifting views. When township supervisors or county commissioners understand the community benefits—such as tax revenue contributions, investments in schools and infrastructure, job creation, responsible water and energ ...
Ai, Data Centers, and Economic Development
The current American political landscape is deeply polarized, with both major parties veering away from principle-based governance toward reflexive opposition. This shift has fostered the elevation of extremist candidates and normalized previously disqualifying views, with severe implications for policy, public discourse, and national cohesion.
John Fetterman voices concern about the persistence of "bad ideas" within the Democratic Party, specifically pointing to candidates openly identifying as communists and advocating for socialist or Marxist policies. He emphasizes that those who have lived under such regimes now embrace capitalism, highlighting capitalism's global success in improving living standards and solving many problems. Fetterman expresses frustration that discourse around these failed economic models continues to gain traction, despite historical and contemporary evidence of their shortcomings.
Dave McCormick and Fetterman note the growing mainstreaming of anti-Semitic sentiments and anti-Israel positions among Democratic candidates. McCormick highlights that prominent Democrats now campaign on these themes, warning that their electoral success would validate and entrench these ideologies in the party. Fetterman calls this trend a “profound betrayal,” expressing dismay at being isolated within his party for denouncing these stances, and warning that normalization of anti-Semitism and anti-Israel rhetoric is dangerous and unhealthy for American democracy.
Fetterman also points to instances where Democratic candidates have shown open disrespect to the military, such as describing American soldiers engaged in combat as undeserving of life or calling the Army “absolute trash.” Despite these statements and personal misconduct—such as reports of a candidate sexting with multiple women—Fetterman notes a troubling lack of accountability within the party, with some dismissing or ignoring such behavior rather than confronting it. He finds it alarming that such individuals can remain viable candidates and worries that this signals a deepening crisis in political standards and party culture.
The panel discusses how primary elections tend to promote extreme candidates, as highly motivated activists and purists dominate participation. As a result, candidates catering to these fringe elements find success, despite the fact that general election voters typically prefer consensus-builders who prioritize practical solutions over ideological rigidity.
In districts where one party is dominant, representatives face constant pressure from their base to avoid bipartisan collaboration and maintain ideological purity. Fetterman notes that much of the political discourse is driven by those from “safe blue seats,” increasing the party’s vulnerability to internal extremism and discouraging pragmatic governance.
Fetterman criticizes the current campaign climate for focusing on outrage and personal attacks—such as cen ...
Political Polarization and Extremism
Economic inequality in the United States is a pressing issue, especially in the context of a K-shaped recovery where the wealthiest Americans see unprecedented gains, while the working class and the bottom half of earners experience stagnation and decline. Addressing this divide is crucial not only for social cohesion but for the very sustainability of capitalism itself.
Jason Calacanis highlights the discontent among the bottom half of the economy, who are increasingly dissatisfied with a system that appears to benefit only the wealthy. Dave McCormick responds by pointing out that wealth concentration has indeed left many behind, specifically referencing Pennsylvania, where the median income sits at $52,000 a year. Over the past decade, those who already have assets have experienced the greatest financial gains in history, while working families have seen little improvement.
McCormick uses the example of deindustrialization to underline this shift: in his own hometown, a mill that once employed 2,000 people now supports only 100. This dramatic reduction in opportunity fuels economic anxiety and stifles economic advancement for the majority. McCormick acknowledges his own success as a beneficiary of capitalism but cautions that without robust opportunities for the bottom half of Americans, capitalism itself becomes unsustainable and risks being replaced by failed alternatives.
In response to the failures of government-driven solutions, McCormick advocates for market-based approaches that empower individuals directly. He points to the Working Families Tax Cut Act, which allows everyone to contribute $1,700 annually toward school choice initiatives, collectively generating billions of dollars for expanding educational opportunities. This approach aims to provide equality of opportunity funded by individuals rather than channeled through slow-moving government bureaucracy.
McCormick also champions Invest America Accounts, likening the idea to a modern version of Andrew Carnegie’s philanthropic vision: channeling wealth directly into accounts for future generations, determined by personal choice rather than government mandate. He views these accounts as a means of bypassing government inefficiency, with incentives and individual d ...
Economic Inequality and Opportunity
Dave McCormick highlights that his Senate race cost $500 million, with $200 million raised on his side and $300 million on the opposition. John Fetterman notes that his own 2022 race previously set a record at $330 million, but this already seems “quaint” compared to McCormick’s race. Both predict Senate race spending will only rise for cycles in 2026 and 2028, marking a troubling trend.
Fetterman laments that $300 million was spent solely to damage reputations through campaign attack ads, rather than to improve anything for the people. He emphasizes the absurdity of American politics, pointing out how these resources could have been transformative for Pennsylvania if invested in infrastructure, education, or economic opportunity instead of destructive campaigning.
Fetterman contends that the structure of primary elections rewards extremism and punishes moderation. He explains that primaries now identify candidates with extreme views, which risks pushing out politicians who might otherwise seek compromise or cooperation. He advocates for reforms that would move candidate selection beyond closed primaries and open up the process, allowing more moderate candidates to compete against purists and letting g ...
Campaign Finance and Political Reform
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