What Happened in the Benghazi Attack: A Timeline

Have you ever wondered what really happened during the Benghazi attack? How did a diplomatic mission turn into a deadly siege?

In his book 13 Hours, Mitchell Zuckoff provides a gripping account of the 2012 attack on the US diplomatic compound in Benghazi, Libya. This article offers a detailed timeline of the events, from the lead-up to the attack to its aftermath and evacuation.

Read on to discover the full story of what happened in the Benghazi attack and the brave individuals who fought to defend American lives.

The Lead-up to the Benghazi Attack

If you're wondering "what happened in the Benghazi attack," it's important to understand the context leading up to that fateful night. Benghazi, a city in eastern Libya, has a long history of conflict and unrest. The region had been through periods of invasion, occupation, and resistance, creating a complex tapestry of tribal bonds and religious traditions that set the stage for the tragic events that unfolded.

After World War II, Libya gained independence under King Idris. However, when Muammar al-Gaddafi came to power in 1969, he intentionally neglected Benghazi, fueling resentment and discontent. This environment of suppression and neglect created fertile ground for militant and radical factions to emerge.

Warning Signs of Impending Danger

In the months leading up to the attack, there were clear indications of escalating hostility in Benghazi. Several incidents foreshadowed the tragic events to come:

• In April 2012, the US Special Mission compound and a British diplomatic vehicle were attacked.
• In June, the US diplomatic compound's defenses were breached, and the British ambassador's car was targeted with a rocket-propelled grenade.

Just two days before Ambassador Stevens' visit, the State Department issued a serious travel advisory, warning of increasing turmoil, including car bombings, targeted assassinations, and conflicts among militias.

Deteriorating Security Situation

The security situation in Benghazi was rapidly deteriorating. The 17 February Martyrs Brigade, responsible for the compound's security, initiated a limited work stoppage to protest pay and job conditions. This weakened the effectiveness of the security framework.

Ambassador Stevens himself expressed concerns about the growing threat of Islamic extremism and the inadequate safety measures in Libya. He described the situation as "dicey conditions" in his communications with Washington.

Despite these warning signs and the upcoming anniversary of September 11th, intelligence indicating potential attacks was reportedly not emphasized sufficiently. The stage was set for a devastating attack on the US diplomatic facility in Benghazi.

The Night of the Attack

Initial Assault on the Diplomatic Compound

When the attack on the US Special Mission Compound began, it quickly became clear that the security measures in place were insufficient. A large group of armed militants overwhelmed the few security personnel on site, easily breaching the fortifications and taking control of the main entrance.

The attackers set fire to the main residence and nearby barracks, causing chaos as security personnel scrambled to respond. The flames spread quickly, engulfing the structures and creating a dangerous environment for those inside.

The Search for Ambassador Stevens

As the compound burned, the security team faced a critical challenge: locating Ambassador Stevens and computer specialist Sean Smith. They conducted perilous operations within the flaming structures, braving intense heat, toxic fumes, and ongoing gunfire.

The search was hampered by poor visibility and the continued presence of armed insurgents within the compound. Despite constant radio communication and backup forces, the relentless assaults made it increasingly difficult for the security team to safely evacuate the ambassador and the computer specialist.

The Battle at the CIA Annex

Delayed Response and Internal Conflict

While the attack on the compound was unfolding, a team of former US military personnel, now working for a clandestine organization, was stationed at the nearby CIA Annex. However, their response to the attack was initially delayed due to conflicting orders.

Bob, the head of the CIA Annex, instructed the operators to stay put and rely on local militia assistance. This decision was met with skepticism and unease, particularly by team member Tanto. The security team felt a compelling need to respond swiftly, recognizing that any delay could be detrimental to their colleagues' safety.

Taking Action Without Orders

As tensions escalated at the compound, the resolve of the special forces team began to wane. Despite the lack of explicit directions from their superiors, the operators ultimately decided that postponing action was no longer an option. They chose to proceed with their own agenda, demonstrating their deep dedication to their duties.

Defending Against Multiple Assaults

When the Annex itself came under attack, the security personnel coordinated their movements, assumed defensive positions, and used night-vision equipment to monitor the enemy's movements. They successfully laid an ambush, catching the aggressors as they entered their territory.

The Annex team faced simultaneous attacks, including artillery bombardments that caused significant damage. The assailants escalated their assault with mortar fire, hitting their targets with alarming precision. Despite the intensity of the attacks, the defenders maintained unwavering resistance.

Casualties and Injuries

The battle at the Annex took a heavy toll on the defenders. Tragically, team members Woods and Doherty lost their lives in the fighting. Geist and Ubben sustained serious injuries but continued to fight. The area bore clear signs of successive explosive assaults, highlighting the considerable losses suffered by the group.

The Aftermath and Evacuation

Escaping the Danger Zone

As the situation became increasingly untenable, the decision was made to evacuate the remaining Americans from the Annex. The team leader's order to "Consolidate now" signaled the start of their exit during a brief lull in the fighting.

The evacuation was fraught with danger, as the potential for ambushes and further attacks remained high. The group was acutely aware that the local militia responsible for ensuring their safe passage might not withstand another assault. Despite their fears, they ultimately reached the safety of the Annex.

Honoring the Fallen and Recovery

At the airport, the survivors witnessed the solemn procession of their fallen comrades being transported past them. The bodies were honored before being flown first to Tripoli and then to the United States, paying respect to those who had made the ultimate sacrifice.

Mark "Oz" Geist, one of the survivors, spent considerable time recovering and receiving treatment at the military medical center in Bethesda. He later provided Congress with a detailed account of the night's events. The State Department honored the responders' valor with plaques and medals, recognizing their courageous actions.

In the aftermath of the attack, families and friends of the deceased established funds and foundations to ensure that their names and contributions would continue to impact others. The survivors received a heartfelt welcome from the diplomatic mission staff in Tripoli, marking a time of significant healing and reflection for all those involved.