{"id":95101,"date":"2023-03-09T18:06:00","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T22:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=95101"},"modified":"2023-03-14T09:03:59","modified_gmt":"2023-03-14T13:03:59","slug":"how-to-gather-information","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How can you figure out whether certain information is relevant to the issue at hand? How do you know if an information source is credible?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The first step to critical thinking is gathering information. To do this well, first, clarify your topic or question and its parameters. Then, assess the relevance of the information you find. Check it for reliability, bias, and fallacies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Continue reading to learn <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information-2\/\">how to gather information<\/a> to find real answers and solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-gather-information\">How to Gather Information<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The authors of <em>Critical Thinking, Logic &amp; Problem Solving<\/em> offer recommendations on how to gather information. They explain that, first, you should<strong> identify the topic or question you\u2019re dealing with as well as the circumstances or context surrounding it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once you understand the parameters of your inquiry, you can begin researching it. To do this you\u2019ll need to gather data, perspectives on the issue, and any additional information that could help you in your thinking process. For example, if you\u2019re trying to understand why morale is down at your workplace, you\u2019d need to find information that demonstrates that morale is down\u2014such as productivity measures\u2014and information about what could be causing it, which you can obtain by asking employees about their feelings and observations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Researching and gathering information on your topic may look different depending on the context of your study. If you\u2019re working on an academic paper or project, <a href=\"https:\/\/paperpile.com\/g\/academic-search-engines\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">online research tools like Google Scholar or Science.gov<\/a> can provide sources like academic journals or scientific studies. If you\u2019re working on something more personal or professional, such as analyzing a problem in your relationship or assessing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/understanding-group-dynamics\/\">team dynamics<\/a> at work, you\u2019ll instead need to talk to your partner or your colleagues and employees to get their perspectives and ideas on the topic.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As you\u2019re gathering information,<strong> assess its usefulness and credibility. <\/strong>According to the authors, not all information is equally useful, and you should also be aware of what information pertains to your inquiry and what information can be ignored to save you time and effort. For every piece of information you gather, ask yourself if it\u2019s relevant to the subject of your thinking. Returning to our morale example, if you discover in your interviews that many of your employees enjoy playing video games at home, even though this shows a common interest among your employees, it likely doesn\u2019t have an impact on morale, and you don\u2019t need to take it into account.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Gathering written research that\u2019s not relevant to your topic can result in a lot of wasted time. <a href=\"https:\/\/guides.stlcc.edu\/evaluate_sources\/relevance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">To make sure you\u2019re getting relevant information<\/a>, scan the sources\u2019 summaries or tables of contents before reading them deeply, or if you\u2019re using an article or study, read the abstract before reading the entire article. Additionally, don\u2019t just go with the first source that comes up when you search your topic since search algorithms are based on word similarity, not topic similarity.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally,<strong> make sure you\u2019re getting your information from reliable sources. <\/strong>The information you\u2019re getting should come from an accurate source that has some authority on the subject. Asking your boss why your employees\u2019 morale is down isn\u2019t going to help you as much as asking the employees themselves since they\u2019re the ones with firsthand experience with the problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Checking Sources for Reliability<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure you\u2019re using reliable sources, the authors recommend the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Learn to identify real news versus fake news<\/strong>. Discuss different media sources with others and help each other distinguish between accurate news and things like sponsored articles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Analyze your sources<\/strong> to ensure their authors aren&#8217;t making assumptions but rather are using reliable data to back up their claims. For example, if a source makes a claim like \u201cStudies show that people pay more attention to ads that use large fonts,\u201d look at the studies they\u2019re citing and make sure the data in those studies actually support the claim they\u2019re making.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assess the authority of your source<\/strong>. Is this source an expert on the subject? Is it from a reputable media outlet? Does it explain where it got its information?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Checking Sources for Bias<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The authors also recommend that you assess your source for any potential biases. Biases are errors in thought processing that result from generalizations the brain makes. These generalizations can help you make decisions more quickly, but they can also negatively impact your critical thinking. Biases are often impossible to avoid, but being aware of the biases in your sources can help you avoid them in your own thinking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The authors list several different <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/common-types-of-biases\/\">types of biases<\/a>, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-anchoring-effect-2\/\">Anchoring bias<\/a><\/strong>, which means being more likely to believe information that you hear first over information you gather later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/confirmation-bias-definition-2\/\">Confirmation bias<\/a><\/strong>, which is the tendency to give more credence to information that confirms what you already believe and dismiss information that isn\u2019t in line with your beliefs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/halo-effect-meaning\/\">halo effect<\/a><\/strong>, which is when you have a positive view of someone or something, and this leads you to view their opinions or claims more positively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-dunning-kruger-effect\/\">Dunning-Kruger<\/a> effect<\/strong>, which is when you put too much faith in your own abilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Checking for Logical Fallacies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The authors advise that you assess your information for fallacious logic and be on the lookout for fallacies in your own logic as well. A fallacy is a misunderstanding that interferes with your reasoning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some common fallacies include:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The middle ground fallacy<\/strong>. This is when there are two opposite options and you assume that the compromise between the two must be correct. However, if either of the opposite options is incorrect, then the middle ground will also be incorrect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>False cause<\/strong>, or confusing correlation with causation. Two things that co-occur may not mean that either one caused the other. It\u2019s possible that both factors are caused by a third variable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Anecdotal evidence fallacy<\/strong>. This fallacy involves using anecdotes, or isolated examples from real life, as evidence for a larger argument when more general evidence may not support that argument.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How can you figure out whether certain information is relevant to the issue at hand? How do you know if an information source is credible? The first step to critical thinking is gathering information. To do this well, first, clarify your topic or question and its parameters. Then, assess the relevance of the information you find. Check it for reliability, bias, and fallacies. Continue reading to learn how to gather information to find real answers and solutions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":79924,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,160,30],"tags":[934],"class_list":["post-95101","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","category-science","category-work","tag-critical-thinking-logic-problem-solving","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you&#039;re looking for.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you&#039;re looking for.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1848\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1230\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\"},\"headline\":\"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\"},\"wordCount\":1029,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Critical Thinking Logic &amp; Problem Solving\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Education\",\"Science\",\"Work\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\",\"name\":\"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00\",\"description\":\"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you're looking for.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg\",\"width\":1848,\"height\":1230},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\",\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\"},\"description\":\"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.\",\"sameAs\":[\"rina@shortform.com\"],\"award\":[\"Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)\",\"Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)\",\"Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)\",\"Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"History\",\"Theology\",\"Government\"],\"jobTitle\":\"Senior SEO Writer\",\"worksFor\":\"Shortform\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks - Shortform Books","description":"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you're looking for.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks","og_description":"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you're looking for.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1848,"height":1230,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Elizabeth Whitworth","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Elizabeth Whitworth","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/"},"author":{"name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13"},"headline":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks","datePublished":"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/"},"wordCount":1029,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","keywords":["Critical Thinking Logic &amp; Problem Solving"],"articleSection":["Education","Science","Work"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/","name":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","datePublished":"2023-03-09T22:06:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-03-14T13:03:59+00:00","description":"With so much data out there, how should you go about finding what you need? Learn how to gather information to find what you're looking for.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","width":1848,"height":1230},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How to Gather Information: Finding Gems Among the Rocks"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13","name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Elizabeth Whitworth"},"description":"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.","sameAs":["rina@shortform.com"],"award":["Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)","Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)","Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)","Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)"],"knowsAbout":["History","Theology","Government"],"jobTitle":"Senior SEO Writer","worksFor":"Shortform","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/researching-project-goals-in-business.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95101"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":95106,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/95101\/revisions\/95106"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/79924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=95101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=95101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}