{"id":93730,"date":"2023-02-21T17:52:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T21:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=93730"},"modified":"2023-02-27T16:12:44","modified_gmt":"2023-02-27T20:12:44","slug":"dominance-hierarchies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/","title":{"rendered":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What are dominance hierarchies? How do they limit diversity in groups? What&#8217;s an alternative?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In <em>Rebel Ideas<\/em>, author Matthew Syed explains the value of diversity in groups and how communication structures and hierarchies can either help or hinder diversity. According to him, dominance hierarchies suppress diversity while prestige hierarchies promote it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read on to learn about dominance and prestige hierarchies and their connection to diversity, according to Syed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dominance-and-prestige-hierarchies\">Dominance and Prestige Hierarchies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Matthew Syed&#8217;s book <em>Rebel Ideas<\/em>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/structured-conversations\/\">communication structure<\/a> of a group can either undermine or enhance the value of cognitive diversity, which is the range of insights, ideas, and viewpoints represented in a group.&nbsp;In this article, we\u2019ll discuss how <em>dominance hierarchies<\/em> lead to the suppression of diverse voices, while <em>prestige hierarchies<\/em> ensure that diverse voices are heard.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-dominance-hierarchies-negate-cognitive-diversity\">How Dominance Hierarchies Negate Cognitive Diversity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Syed, dominance hierarchies in which leaders rule via fear and threats are a common feature of human societies. He argues that these hierarchies <strong>suppress views that differ from the leaders\u2019<\/strong>, thus reducing the collective intelligence of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-cognitive-diversity\/\">cognitively diverse groups<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Syed says dominance hierarchies played an important evolutionary role, as groups with dominant leaders were more likely to survive. Because prehistoric societies were typically faced with simple decisions, having a dominant leader make decisions was effective and more efficient. By contrast, groups that squabbled over straightforward decisions were less efficient and thus less likely to survive.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Beyond bolstering group survival rates, researchers argue that <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/BF00389654\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">dominance hierarchies led directly to humans\u2019 greater cognitive capacities<\/a>. Participating in a dominance hierarchy required us to distinguish between different ranks, understand the behaviors permitted for our own rank, and decide whether to change our rank. So, the individuals who succeeded in dominance hierarchies possessed the cognitive capacity needed to make these judgments, which they then passed on to future generations.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, Syed argues that dominance hierarchies are actually harmful in multifaceted situations, in which dominant leaders alone can\u2019t know all the information in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-a-problem-space\/\">problem space<\/a>. In such situations, Syed says dominant leaders view diverse opinions as threatening, so they intimidate subordinates with diverse views into silence.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Diverse groups become no more effective than homogeneous ones<\/strong>, as subordinates don\u2019t voice their opinions. Instead, Syed notes that they seek to please the leader by mirroring whatever the leader says. For example, Syed says that in business meetings, dominant individuals\u2019 opinions quickly rise to the forefront, and different opinions of other team members are rarely voiced; rather, team members simply echo the leaders\u2019 opinions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Steps to Prevent the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/causes-of-groupthink\/\">Groupthink<\/a> Created by Dominance Hierarchies<\/strong><br><br>Groups with dominance hierarchies often suffer from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.psychologytoday.com\/us\/basics\/groupthink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>groupthink<\/em><\/a>\u2014they make <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/humans-are-irrational\/\">irrational decisions<\/a> because group members would rather conform than offer dissenting opinions. In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/super-thinking-the-big-book-of-mental-models\/1-page-summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Super Thinking: The Big Book of Mental Models<\/em><\/a>, Gabriel Weinberg and Lauren McCann offer various strategies for companies to mitigate groupthink, including:<br><br>&#8211; Appoint a devil\u2019s advocate\u2014someone who argues against proposed ideas to make sure they\u2019re being critically evaluated. The devil\u2019s advocate can often find flaws with the idea in question.<br><br>&#8211; Divide meetings into independent subgroups, which pitch their ideas to the entire team afterward. These subgroups ensure that various ideas and perspectives are represented.<br><br>&#8211; Seek out employees with different opinions, both within the company and when hiring new candidates. These employees help you establish a more diverse pool of ideas to pull from.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-prestige-hierarchies-harness-cognitive-diversity\">How Prestige Hierarchies Harness Cognitive Diversity<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As an alternative to dominance hierarchies, Syed examines prestige hierarchies, whose leaders are followed freely out of respect, rather than fear. According to Syed, <strong>leaders of prestige hierarchies listen carefully to diverse perspectives<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/why-more-is-less\/\">maximizing<\/a> collective intelligence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: In a similar vein, experts also argue that <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2018\/04\/the-two-traits-of-the-best-problem-solving-teams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">groups need psychological safety<\/a>\u2014an environment where members don\u2019t fear embarrassment or punishment for offering \u201cwrong\u201d ideas\u2014to maximize collective <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/iq-and-success\/\">intelligence and success<\/a>. In such groups, members don\u2019t blame each other for mistakes, but view mistakes with curiosity and an open mind. Therefore, psychologically safe groups actually <em>benefit<\/em> from discussing flawed ideas, as they learn from them.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Syed cites anthropological findings that certain tribes had leaders who earned respect from peers through their wisdom and who sought to uplift these peers rather than strike fear into them. Such leaders, he notes, freely shared their knowledge with others and didn\u2019t feel threatened by opposing voices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Syed argues that, from an evolutionary perspective, prestigious leaders who shared their knowledge created groups where generosity was prized. Consequently, leaders themselves benefited from the open flow of information. And because prestigious leaders share their knowledge, multiple prestigious leaders could exist peacefully within a group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Because individuals attempt to imitate prestigious leaders, individuals have to quickly identify these leaders in the first place. To do so, <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/11384884\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">researchers suggest that they often rely on social proxies for prestige<\/a>, such as academic credentials or other awards. In other words, these researchers say that prestige is socially transmitted.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a result, Syed says prestigious hierarchies are better at harnessing the power of cognitive diversity during the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/methods-of-decision-making-crucial-conversations\/\">decision-making<\/a> process. However, he concedes that dominance hierarchies are useful once a decision is made, at which point dissent impedes the execution of the decision.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Because dominance hierarchies and prestige hierarchies are best suited for different situations, experts say <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2016\/12\/good-bosses-switch-between-two-leadership-styles\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">superior bosses alternate between dominant and prestigious leadership styles<\/a>, depending on the context. For example, bosses might adopt a dominant approach when a clear business strategy is in place\u2014one that requires a unified team. By contrast, during the discussion stage bosses might adopt a prestigious style to convey that they value subordinates and their input.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exercise: Evaluate Communication at Your Workplace<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Syed discusses the effects of dominance and prestige hierarchies on communication within groups. In this exercise, evaluate how different leadership styles have affected communication in your own workplace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Describe a recent situation at work in which a leader took a <em>dominant<\/em> approach to address a problem. How did this dominant approach influence communication within the workplace?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Describe a recent situation at work in which a leader took a <em>prestigious <\/em>approach to address a problem.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>How did this prestigious approach influence communication within the workplace?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Which strategies could you implement in the workplace to ensure that diverse voices are heard?&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Why do you think those strategies would be effective?<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are dominance hierarchies? How do they limit diversity in groups? What&#8217;s an alternative? In Rebel Ideas, author Matthew Syed explains the value of diversity in groups and how communication structures and hierarchies can either help or hinder diversity. According to him, dominance hierarchies suppress diversity while prestige hierarchies promote it. Read on to learn about dominance and prestige hierarchies and their connection to diversity, according to Syed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":93750,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,24],"tags":[917],"class_list":["post-93730","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communication","category-society","tag-rebel-ideas","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative) - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1844\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1230\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Emily Kitazawa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Emily Kitazawa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Emily Kitazawa\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e094024454c7d3334a149c0cf039bdeb\"},\"headline\":\"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\"},\"wordCount\":1065,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Rebel Ideas\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Communication\",\"Society\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\",\"name\":\"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative) - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00\",\"description\":\"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg\",\"width\":1844,\"height\":1230},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e094024454c7d3334a149c0cf039bdeb\",\"name\":\"Emily Kitazawa\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f5c60fcdcf3b7cd02c2882334c15a3d02f74a69631c696c3bce47deb21dc9ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f5c60fcdcf3b7cd02c2882334c15a3d02f74a69631c696c3bce47deb21dc9ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Emily Kitazawa\"},\"description\":\"Emily found her love of reading and writing at a young age, learning to enjoy these activities thanks to being taught them by her mom\u2014Goodnight Moon will forever be a favorite. As a young adult, Emily graduated with her English degree, specializing in Creative Writing and TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language), from the University of Central Florida. She later earned her master\u2019s degree in Higher Education from Pennsylvania State University. Emily loves reading fiction, especially modern Japanese, historical, crime, and philosophical fiction. Her personal writing is inspired by observations of people and nature.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/emily-kitazawa\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative) - Shortform Books","description":"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)","og_description":"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1844,"height":1230,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Emily Kitazawa","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Emily Kitazawa","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/"},"author":{"name":"Emily Kitazawa","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e094024454c7d3334a149c0cf039bdeb"},"headline":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)","datePublished":"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/"},"wordCount":1065,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","keywords":["Rebel Ideas"],"articleSection":["Communication","Society"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/","name":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative) - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","datePublished":"2023-02-21T21:52:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-27T20:12:44+00:00","description":"How do dominance hierarchies limit diversity? Learn why Syed says these social structures suppress diverse voices and how to avoid them.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","width":1844,"height":1230},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/dominance-hierarchies\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"How Dominance Hierarchies Limit Diversity (+An Alternative)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e094024454c7d3334a149c0cf039bdeb","name":"Emily Kitazawa","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f5c60fcdcf3b7cd02c2882334c15a3d02f74a69631c696c3bce47deb21dc9ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/0f5c60fcdcf3b7cd02c2882334c15a3d02f74a69631c696c3bce47deb21dc9ac?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Emily Kitazawa"},"description":"Emily found her love of reading and writing at a young age, learning to enjoy these activities thanks to being taught them by her mom\u2014Goodnight Moon will forever be a favorite. As a young adult, Emily graduated with her English degree, specializing in Creative Writing and TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language), from the University of Central Florida. She later earned her master\u2019s degree in Higher Education from Pennsylvania State University. Emily loves reading fiction, especially modern Japanese, historical, crime, and philosophical fiction. Her personal writing is inspired by observations of people and nature.","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/emily-kitazawa\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/wolf-wolves-pack.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93730","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93730"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93730\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":93909,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93730\/revisions\/93909"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/93750"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93730"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93730"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93730"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}