{"id":9199,"date":"2020-06-03T20:28:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-04T00:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=9199"},"modified":"2023-01-19T17:53:15","modified_gmt":"2023-01-19T21:53:15","slug":"charles-whitehorn-osage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/charles-whitehorn-osage\/","title":{"rendered":"Charles Whitehorn: An Early Victim of the Osage Murders"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Who was Charles Whitehorn? What&#8217;s his role in <em>Killers of the Flower Moon?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Charles Whitehorn was an Osage man who lived in Oklahoma in the 1920s. About a week after the murder of Osage woman <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/anna-brown-osage\/\">Anna Brown<\/a>, Whitehorn&#8217;s body was found. Ruled a homicide, the killing was part of the larger conspiracy of the tragic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/osage-murders\/\">Osage murders<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more to learn about Charles Whitehorn and the infamous conspiracy of which he was a victim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-charles-whitehorn-s-murder\">Charles Whitehorn&#8217;s Murder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>On May 27, 1921, the partially decomposed body of a 25-year-old Osage woman named Anna Brown was discovered in a ravine in Osage County, Oklahoma, dead from a bullet to the back of the head. Anna would be merely one of the first victims in a five-year-long Reign of Terror that would run from 1921 to 1926 and claim the lives of dozens (and possibly hundreds) of Osage men, women, and children. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>But Anna\u2019s murder was to be just the beginning<\/strong>. About a week after her body was discovered, <em>another <\/em>Osage victim was found near an oil rig. This time, the corpse belonged to a man named Charles Whitehorn, who had been missing for about two weeks. Charles Whitehorn was a well-known and popular figure in Osage County, married to a half-white, half-Cheyenne woman. Like Anna Brown, he had been shot in the head\u2014and the bullets appeared to be the same kind as the ones that had killed Anna Brown.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The execution-style murders of two Osage, coming so quickly on the heels of one another, became a prominent story in the local news, as speculation began to mount about who could be responsible. The similar method of killing suggested a link between the two murders, as did their proximity in space and time.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-confusion-and-conspiracy\">Confusion and Conspiracy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mollie testified to the local justice of the peace that she had last seen Anna in the company of her brother-in-law, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/bryan-burkhart-osage\/\">Bryan Burkhart<\/a><\/strong>. Bryan testified that he had dropped Anna off at home early in the evening, after which he\u2019d gone back into town. The authorities even briefly detained both Bryan and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/ernest-burkhart-osage\/\">Ernest Burkhart<\/a>, though the evidence against them at this time was purely circumstantial and they were soon released.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But there were competing theories about who the murderer could be, given the chaos and lawlessness that defined Osage County. The undeveloped wilderness of the area made it a prominent hideout for all manner of bandits, fugitives, and outlaws. Moreover, many unscrupulous characters had been drawn to the area by the oil money, making the county a hotbed of forgers, scam artists, and gangs of armed robbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>In this environment, there was no shortage of red herrings, as unsavory informants with ulterior motives provided investigators with false leads.<\/strong> One man, a convicted and imprisoned forger, initially confessed to the crime. He claimed that he had been paid by Anna\u2019s ex-husband to murder her and dump her body in the ravine. But officials quickly concluded that the man\u2019s confession was false\u2014he hadn\u2019t been in the county at the time and had had no known contact with the ex-husband, who also had a proven alibi. The forger later confessed that he had made his story up, hoping to secure better prison conditions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Other rumors surfaced that Anna\u2019s slaying was part of a love triangle gone bad, with some of these rumors even positing a romantic relationship between Anna Brown and the other murder victim, Charles Whitehorn. Investigators pursued these leads, but they, too, proved to be lies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Investigators <em>thought <\/em>they had a break in the case when they discovered that someone had placed a phone call to Anna\u2019s house on the night she disappeared, with the call coming from a business in the nearby town of Ralston. But no operator in Ralston had any record of such a call. Authorities suspected that someone had arranged to have the phone records falsified to throw investigators off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>By July 1921, the local authorities wrapped up the investigation, concluding that Anna was murdered by \u201cparties unknown.\u201d<\/strong> They had surrendered the quest for justice for Anna. And that same month, another tragedy befell Mollie Brown when her mother, Lizzie, died from her wasting illness, so similar to how Minnie had died a few years before\u2014and to how many other healthy Osage seemed to have died of unexplained wasting sicknesses in recent months.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/bill-smith-osage\/\">Bill Smith<\/a>, a white man and the husband of Mollie\u2019s sister, Rita, found the circumstances of Lizzie\u2019s death to be highly suspicious. He began to believe that she and other Osage had been deliberately poisoned, and that her death was linked to those of Anna Brown and Charles Whitehorn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In February 1922, nine months after the bodies of Anna Brown and Charles Whitehorn were discovered, a fit and healthy 29-year-old Osage man named William Stepson suddenly dropped dead. Authorities concluded that he had died of strychnine poisoning. <strong>Poison was an ideal way to commit murder in a remote locale like Osage County, with incompetent professional law enforcement professionals and a coroner untrained in forensics<\/strong>, without access to a crime lab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The spate of mysterious poisonings of Osage men and women continued into July 1923. The community was, rightly, terrified. These were clearly not random homicides\u2014<strong>the tribe was clearly being targeted by a well-orchestrated and coordinated campaign of murder<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Charles Whitehorn was one of the many Osage that tragically lost their lives at the hands of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/william-hale-osage\/\">William Hale<\/a> and his fellow conspirators. Charles Whitehorn&#8217;s murder marks the beginning of a defining American tragedy. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Who was Charles Whitehorn? What&#8217;s his role in Killers of the Flower Moon? Charles Whitehorn was an Osage man who lived in Oklahoma in the 1920s. About a week after the murder of Osage woman Anna Brown, Whitehorn&#8217;s body was found. Ruled a homicide, the killing was part of the larger conspiracy of the tragic Osage murders. Read more to learn about Charles Whitehorn and the infamous conspiracy of which he was a victim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":9329,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,33],"tags":[87],"class_list":["post-9199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history","category-people","tag-killers-of-the-flower-moon","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Charles Whitehorn: An Early Victim of the Osage Murders - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Charles Whitehorn was a young Osage man killed shortly after Anna Brown&#039;s murder. Their deaths proved to be part of a conspiracy. 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