{"id":91134,"date":"2023-02-06T10:45:00","date_gmt":"2023-02-06T14:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=91134"},"modified":"2023-02-08T12:30:14","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T16:30:14","slug":"ways-to-reduce-cognitive-dissonance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/ways-to-reduce-cognitive-dissonance\/","title":{"rendered":"3 Ways to Reduce Cognitive Dissonance (+ Why It Happens)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

What is cognitive dissonance? What are the most common ways to reduce cognitive dissonance?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me)<\/em>, Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson explain that cognitive dissonance is a psychological state of having inconsistent thoughts and attitudes. This state is often uncomfortable for people, so they try to seek out ways to reduce cognitive dissonance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let’s look at how people seek comforting thoughts through three psychological processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

What Is Cognitive Dissonance?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Cognitive dissonance is an uncomfortable psychological state that occurs when we have two contradictory beliefs, attitudes, or ideas.<\/strong> According to the authors, we also experience cognitive dissonance when our actions conflict with our beliefs or our sense of self. For example, if you find factory farming<\/a> practices objectionable, you\u2019ll likely experience some cognitive dissonance if you still eat meat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cognitive dissonance causes minor to extreme psychological discomfort because it threatens our belief in an ordered, meaningful existence. We\u2019re constantly trying to make sense of the world around us, and we want to believe that our actions and choices are consistent and rational. When we act or think in a way that contradicts our beliefs, we can no longer claim consistency or<\/em> rationality. To relieve the discomfort caused by this psychological state, we seek ways to reduce cognitive dissonance. Often, this takes the form of self-justification<\/a>, confirmation bias<\/a>, and memory distortion<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Self-Justification<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Rather than admitting wrongdoing or accepting contradictory beliefs, most people find ways to justify their actions to themselves and others. This process is called self-justification<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The authors distinguish between lying and self-justification\u2014lying requires awareness of what we\u2019re doing. We lie to cover up our actions when we know<\/em> we\u2019ve done something wrong. In contrast, self-justification is typically an unconscious process<\/a>. We subconsciously use self-justification to convince ourselves we did the right thing.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

This distinction makes self-justification more subtle and persuasive than outright lies as a remedy for the discomfort of cognitive dissonance. While we use lies to deceive others, we use self-justification to deceive ourselves<\/em>. We truly believe in the reality we create through self-justification: one where we didn\u2019t actually do anything wrong. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Confirmation Bias<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

According to the authors, we also avoid the pain of dissonance through a mental process called confirmation bias. Confirmation bias causes us to categorize any information that supports our beliefs as reliable and reasonable. Simultaneously, we ignore information that contradicts our beliefs, or we dismiss it as untrustworthy or foolish. For example, if you\u2019re a big fan of a sports team, you\u2019ll think a referee made a fair call when their intervention benefits your team. Likewise, you\u2019ll typically assume the referee made a bad call if it goes against your team.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Confirmation bias helps us decrease dissonance by altering the way we perceive information.<\/strong> If you can ignore or dismiss as unreliable the information that contradicts your beliefs, you won\u2019t feel dissonance when confronted with it. Your beliefs aren\u2019t actually threatened, since you don\u2019t put stock in opposing information; therefore, you can comfortably maintain your current worldview.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Memory Distortion<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The final cognitive process we use to overcome dissonance is memory distortion<\/em>. The authors argue that memories frequently offer unreliable and inaccurate accounts of our experiences.<\/strong> Usually, our brains adjust memories to put us in the best possible light. We remember details that fit our current self-image and forget information that contradicts it. The more important a memory is to your self-image, the more likely you are to remember it in a self-serving way. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Memories are naturally fluid because of the way our brains organize information\u2014every time we retrieve a memory, our brains reconstruct the details to fit into a cohesive narrative. Over time, memories can shift so much that they\u2019re unrecognizable compared to the actual event. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Memory distortion isn\u2019t always for the purpose of self-justification, the authors note, but it often complements that process\u2014it allows us to forget or misremember bad choices we\u2019ve made. These bad choices would otherwise create dissonance by threatening our belief that we\u2019re honest, competent, good, and so on. By misremembering our negative actions in a way that benefits us, we reduce the dissonance they create. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, let\u2019s say you pride yourself on being intelligent, diligent, and detail-oriented, but you make a costly mistake on a work assignment. As you recall the event over time, your brain may distort the memory and attribute blame for the mistake to someone else, resolving the uncomfortable dissonance that arises when your belief in your competence is threatened.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

What is cognitive dissonance? What are the most common ways to reduce cognitive dissonance? In Mistakes Were Made (But Not by Me), Carol Tavris and Elliot Aronson explain that cognitive dissonance is a psychological state of having inconsistent thoughts and attitudes. This state is often uncomfortable for people, so they try to seek out ways to reduce cognitive dissonance. Let’s look at how people seek comforting thoughts through three psychological processes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":73407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[888],"class_list":["post-91134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","tag-mistakes-were-made-but-not-by-me","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"\n3 Ways to Reduce Cognitive Dissonance (+ Why It Happens) - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Have you ever felt uncomfortable with inconsistent thoughts? 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