{"id":85114,"date":"2022-11-17T07:12:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-17T11:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=85114"},"modified":"2022-12-01T16:33:02","modified_gmt":"2022-12-01T20:33:02","slug":"moral-decision","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/moral-decision\/","title":{"rendered":"Why Do We Fail to Make Moral Decisions?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What causes us to make immoral decisions that hurt other human beings? How does the human tendency to seek social approval jeopardize morality? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At its heart, human nature is inherently good and moral because morality has survival value. However, we often make immoral choices because<strong> <\/strong>we irrationally base our decisions on what other people are doing rather than on what we think is right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep reading to learn about the psychology behind moral <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/methods-of-decision-making-crucial-conversations\/\">decision-making<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-failing-to-make-the-moral-choice\"><strong>Failing to Make the Moral Choice<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Peter Bevelin, the author of <em>Seeking Wisdom<\/em>, one reason we fail to make <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/moral-choices\/\">moral decisions<\/a> is that we\u2019re afraid having an unpopular opinion will invite criticism.<strong> <\/strong>For example, imagine one of your colleagues makes a sexist comment during a meeting. You avoid speaking up because you don\u2019t want others to criticize you for being overly sensitive or disloyal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: There\u2019s a term for our tendency to conform to others\u2019 expectations of us and make immoral choices: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.themarginalian.org\/2017\/02\/07\/hannah-arendt-the-banality-of-evil\/\">the banality of evil<\/a>. It\u2019s the idea that ordinary people can do extremely immoral things when there\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/pressure-to-conform\/\">pressure to conform<\/a> or to follow the orders of authority figures. Philosopher Hannah Arendt proposed this idea to explain why ordinary Germans became complicit in the atrocities of the Holocaust.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-evolutionary-origins-of-our-failure-to-make-moral-choices\"><strong>The Evolutionary Origins of Our Failure to Make Moral Choices<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bevelin argues that throughout our evolutionary history, <strong>our habit of following others\u2019 behavior helped ensure our survival. <\/strong>Cooperating with other people increased our chances of avoiding pain and seeking pleasure. Our hunter-gatherer ancestors hunted in groups, collaborated on building shelters, and treated each other\u2019s wounds. These ancestors learned to strive for social acceptance since inclusion in the group had many benefits. They learned to fear social exclusion, as it would reduce their access to the benefits of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/group-cooperation\/\">group cooperation<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: While Bevelin emphasizes how following and cooperating with others increased our chances of survival, the opposite behavior\u2014<em>distrusting<\/em> others\u2014also has evolutionary value. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/talking-to-strangers\/1-page-summary\"><em>Talking to Strangers<\/em><\/a><em>, <\/em>Malcolm Gladwell notes that distrusting others\u2019 intentions helps us notice when others are trying to take advantage of us. However, he adds that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/talking-to-strangers\/part-2-2\">we nonetheless evolved the tendency to trust others by default<\/a> because mutual trust and transparent communication aided our survival significantly <em>more<\/em> than constant skepticism did.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-solution-recognize-the-benefits-of-making-the-moral-choice\"><strong>A Solution: Recognize the Benefits of Making the Moral Choice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Although our evolutionary past hard-wired us to prioritize social inclusion over independent moral thinking, <strong>we can counteract this tendency with rational thinking.<\/strong> Bevelin offers a strategy from Warren Buffet that can motivate you to make the moral choice\u2014even if it\u2019s the unpopular choice. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you\u2019re faced with a moral choice, ask yourself if you\u2019d be able to live with a critical journalist writing a front-page story about your decision. For instance, consider if you\u2019d be able to live with everyone you know reading this headline: \u201cWorker Fails to Call Out Colleague for Sexist Comment, Claiming She \u2018Hoped Someone Else Would Do It.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Make the Moral Choice by Leveraging Your Desire for Social Approval<\/strong><br><br>Bevelin doesn\u2019t explain <em>why<\/em> Buffet\u2019s front page test works, but we can infer that this strategy leverages our ingrained desire for social approval, using it to compel us to do what\u2019s right. This strategy expands our decision\u2019s audience to <em>anyone<\/em> we imagine reading our front-page story. We may then fear their disapproval of our immoral actions and instead do something moral that they\u2019d approve of.&nbsp;<br><br>Other experts also offer strategies that, like Buffett\u2019s, utilize our natural desire for others\u2019 approval to motivate us to make the moral choice. For instance, some experts recognize that we\u2019re susceptible to following the commands of authority figures, and these figures can sometimes compel us to make immoral choices. You can overcome this tendency by changing your allegiances: <a href=\"https:\/\/effectiviology.com\/authority-bias-the-milgram-obedience-experiment\/\">Create distance between yourself and the figure of authority, and align yourself instead with victims.<\/a><strong> <\/strong>That way, you\u2019re more likely to act morally to gain victims\u2019 approval, rather than act immorally to gain the authority figure\u2019s approval.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What causes us to make immoral decisions that hurt other human beings? How does the human tendency to seek social approval jeopardize morality? At its heart, human nature is inherently good and moral because morality has survival value. However, we often make immoral choices because we irrationally base our decisions on what other people are doing rather than on what we think is right. Keep reading to learn about the psychology behind moral decision-making.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":69236,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,9],"tags":[820],"class_list":["post-85114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethics","category-psychology","tag-seeking-wisdom-2","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why Do We Fail to Make Moral Decisions? - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Why do we make immoral choices? 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