{"id":831,"date":"2019-09-04T21:17:22","date_gmt":"2019-09-05T01:17:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=831"},"modified":"2022-03-04T16:41:22","modified_gmt":"2022-03-04T20:41:22","slug":"how-to-read-minds-micro-expressions-facial-emotion-recognition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-read-minds-micro-expressions-facial-emotion-recognition\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Read Minds: Using Micro Expressions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Why do conversations so often result in misunderstandings? How can I <em>really <\/em>know what&#8217;s going on in the other person&#8217;s head? How can I be a better mind-reader, and how will micro expressions help?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Micro expressions are expressions we make unconsciously. Learn how to read minds by recognizing micro expressions on people&#8217;s faces.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Theory of How to Read Minds<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>We use others\u2019 facial expressions to predict their behavior and infer their personality. Facial emotion recognition is key to learning how to read minds.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Micro Expressions<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The hardest expressions to catch, and therefore interpret, are micro expressions. They\u2019re <em>almost <\/em>imperceptible, lasting a fraction of a second.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You might be good at controlling what expressions your face makes, but a keen observer may still catch involuntary expressions that betray your true <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/thoughts-feelings-and-behaviors\/\">thoughts and feelings<\/a>. This is how to read minds\u2014by catching these tiny expressions that betray what the person&#8217;s words are hiding.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, in 1955, British Intelligence agent Kim Philby wasn\u2019t yet exposed as a Soviet spy, but two of his colleagues were, and they defected to the Soviet Union. In a press conference, Philby denied that he\u2019d been the one to tip off his colleagues. He did it convincingly. It would be over a decade before Philby himself defected to the Soviet Union. Most people watching weren&#8217;t great at facial emotion recognition.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But if you slow down the video of the conference, you can see Philby press his lips together in an unmistakable expression of smugness. The expression lasts only a few milliseconds. Later in the conference, there\u2019s also a micro expression of distress.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many people were suspicious of Philby, perhaps because <strong>their unconscious minds picked up on these micro expressions.<\/strong> But <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-subconscious\/\">the conscious mind<\/a> didn\u2019t register them, so Philby got away with his espionage for years.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is how we <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/thin-slicing-malcolm-gladwell-blink\/\">thin-slice<\/a> people\u2014our unconscious minds make note of subtle muscle movements in the face that are too fleeting for our conscious minds to detect. This is also how to read minds\u2014the conscious brain needs to pay attention to what the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-unconscious-mind\/\">unconscious mind<\/a> is noticing.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Autism as an Analogy<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Our ability to read facial signals and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/body-language-crucial-conversations\/\">body language<\/a> is enormously sophisticated. Most of the time, we\u2019re really good at reading people\u2019s minds by subconsciously picking up on subtle signals. We do this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/thin-slicing-malcolm-gladwell-blink\/\">thin-slicing<\/a> every day. How to read minds is to pick up on micro expressions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Still, mistakes happen all the time. <strong>We get into arguments and hurt others because we misinterpret what they\u2019re feeling or thinking.<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>People with autism have particular trouble reading <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/nonverbal-cues\/\">nonverbal cues<\/a> like facial micro expressions. <strong>We can all be \u201ctemporarily autistic\u201d when our abilities to mind read desert us.<\/strong> Further below, we\u2019ll look at situations in which temporary autism is disastrous.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Causes of Temporary Autism and Failing to Notice Micro Expressions:<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Stress<\/strong> clouds our awareness and can lead to temporary autism, or \u201cmind-blindness.\u201d<\/li><li><strong>Haste<\/strong> can also lead to mind-blindness.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Even split-second decisions take a few moments. <strong>Thin-slicing appears to be so fast it\u2019s automatic, but it\u2019s not.<\/strong> In the few seconds it takes to make a snap judgment, we\u2019re <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-gather-information-2\/\">gathering information<\/a> and weighing it. How to read minds is to slow down and pay attention to details.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we don\u2019t have time to properly process information, we fall back on stereotypes. Reactions based on stereotypes are the lowest quality snap judgments. Here, we fail to catch micro expressions and we fail to read minds.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Slowing down helps us <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/make-better-decisions\/\">make better decisions<\/a>, even quick decisions. Waiting a beat can make all the difference. This is how to read minds.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mind Reading Gone Wrong: The Amadou Diallo Case<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1999, four New York City Police officers fired 41 shots at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/amadou-diallo\/\">Amadou Diallo<\/a>, an immigrant from Guinea, in the vestibule outside his apartment. The officers mistook Diallo for a rape suspect and thought he was pulling a gun when they approached. The \u201cgun\u201d was a wallet. Diallo thought the plain-clothed officers were robbing him.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The officers were charged with second-degree murder. They were found not guilty.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While many view this tragedy as an incidence of racial profiling, <strong>Gladwell presents it as an extreme case of temporary autism.<\/strong> The officers thin-sliced in the moments before the first shot was fired, and the process went terribly wrong. The officers were not able to use the information on Diallo\u2019s face to infer his feelings and intentions. They couldn&#8217;t read his micro expressions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They made <strong>several thin-slicing mistakes<\/strong>, or mistakes in how to read minds:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Mistake #1: <\/strong>Officer Carroll saw Diallo getting some fresh air on his stoop; Carroll thought he looked suspicious. He couldn\u2019t understand why someone would be outside after midnight in that neighborhood, unless he was the lookout for a robber. He misread the situation.<\/li><li><strong>Mistake #2: <\/strong>When the police car backed up, Diallo didn\u2019t move because he was curious; Carroll read this as brazenness.<\/li><li><strong>Mistake #3:<\/strong> Diallo turned to the side and reached into his pocket for his wallet\u2014he thought he was being robbed and was terrified; Carroll and his team thought he was reaching for a gun and was dangerous.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Diallo was first innocent, then curious, and finally terrified. All these emotions must have been plain on his face<\/strong> and his in micro expressions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Usually, we can easily tell the difference between someone who\u2019s terrified and someone who\u2019s dangerous. Why couldn\u2019t the officers?<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Th<\/strong>ings That Interrupt Mind Reading<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stress<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Having to decide whether or not to fire your gun is a stressful situation, and despite what TV shows tell us, it\u2019s an unusual situation even for police officers. Over 90% of officers go their entire careers without shooting.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stress makes you temporarily autistic.<\/strong> It impairs your ability to accurately read others\u2019 facial micro expressions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It also narrows and restricts your vision, limiting the amount of information you take in. When your vision is restricted, the black edge of a wallet looks a lot like a gun.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you see a gun, you\u2019re not going to take your eyes off it. Part of the reason Carroll couldn\u2019t read the terror in Diallo\u2019s face was that he wasn\u2019t looking at Diallo\u2019s face. To read someone&#8217;s mind, you have to look at the micro expressions in the person&#8217;s face.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When your heart rate goes above 175, your midbrain (the intuitive, primitive part of your brain) takes over. You can\u2019t think clearly and you become aggressive.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>All of these consequences of stress hindered the officers\u2019 ability to effectively thin-slice.<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inexperience<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Three of the officers were in their 20s. Carroll was 37. They were new to the unit, the neighborhood, and the stress that came with them. <strong>They lacked experiences that would have provided rehearsals<\/strong> for appropriate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/integrative-decision-making\/\">decision making<\/a> in moments of extreme stress. Clearly, this is not how to read minds.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Haste<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The officers didn\u2019t feel they had time to stop, even for a few seconds, to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-analyze-a-situation\/\">assess the situation<\/a>. They thought their lives were in danger. Officers are taught to find cover, which buys them time to think, but there was no place to shield themselves outside Diallo\u2019s apartment.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It seems like it would take a long time to fire 41 bullets. Didn\u2019t the officers have time, after the first shots were fired and Diallo was on the ground, to reassess the situation?<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In reality, it takes about 2 \u00bd seconds for four people using semi-automatic guns to fire 41 bullets. The whole encounter, from the moment Carroll noticed Diallo outside the building to the moment Carroll sat on the stoop sobbing, having realized his mistake, happened in a matter of seconds. <strong>It\u2019s crucial that we find ways to slow down our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/intuitive-decision-making-adaptive-unconscious\/\">intuitive decision-making<\/a> processes<\/strong> so our thin-slicing has a chance to take in all the relevant information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep in mind that how to read minds is to read micro expressions. Facial emotion recognition is the key to unlocking a person&#8217;s thoughts and feelings.<br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why do conversations so often result in misunderstandings? How can I really know what&#8217;s going on in the other person&#8217;s head? How can I be a better mind-reader, and how will micro expressions help? Micro expressions are expressions we make unconsciously. Learn how to read minds by recognizing micro expressions on people&#8217;s faces.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":758,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[35],"class_list":["post-831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","tag-blink","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Read Minds: Using Micro Expressions - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Micro expressions are expressions we make unconsciously. 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