{"id":78439,"date":"2022-10-18T07:55:00","date_gmt":"2022-10-18T11:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=78439"},"modified":"2022-10-24T12:36:50","modified_gmt":"2022-10-24T16:36:50","slug":"racist-ideas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/racist-ideas\/","title":{"rendered":"Ibram X. Kendi: Racist Ideas Can Be Subtle"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/overt-racism-white-fragility\/\">subtle racism<\/a>? How can racism be disguised with antiracist rhetoric?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When we think about racist ideas, we tend to think about openly hateful, hostile, or discriminatory rhetoric. But racist thinking can take subtler forms and even disguise itself as nonracist. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s how you can spot racist logic, according to Ibram X. Kendi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-there-are-3-positions-on-race\"><strong>There Are 3 Positions on Race<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While we might assume that ideas are either racist or nonracist, the reality is much more complicated. According to Ibram X. Kendi, the author of <em>Stamped from the Beginning<\/em>, <strong>there are three types of thoughts on race: segregationist, antiracist, and assimilationist<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) <\/strong><strong><em>Segregationist <\/em><\/strong>ideas blame racial disparities on Black people by proposing that they\u2019re inferior or defective in some way. These are the kinds of ideas we\u2019d typically identify as racist. For example, a segregationist explanation for the <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/longform\/fortune-500-black-ceos-business-history\/\">low number of Black Fortune 500 CEOs<\/a> might be that Black people lack the intelligence and motivation to be business leaders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) <\/strong><strong><em>Antiracist<\/em><\/strong> ideas blame racial disparities solely on racism and maintain that all races are equal. An antiracist explanation for the lack of Black Fortune 500 CEOs might be that hiring and promotion procedures discriminate against Black candidates and employees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3)<em> Assimilationist<\/em><\/strong> ideas blame racial disparities on Black people <em>and <\/em>on racism. Assimilationist ideas can take two forms\u2014<strong>they can maintain that both Black people and racist whites are at fault, or they can propose that Black people are defective <em>as a result of <\/em>racism.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the first type of assimilationism might explain the low number of Black Fortune 500 CEOs by saying that hiring policies are discriminatory <em>and <\/em>that many Black people lack the skills to be business executives (such an explanation might even suggest that businesses should try harder to find the few qualified Black people out there).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The second type of assimilationism is especially pernicious because its racism is subtler\u2014for example, it might argue that after centuries of racial discrimination, most Black people can\u2019t imagine themselves in leadership roles. As Kendi points out, <strong>an idea like this seems to place the blame on racism, but in doing so, it also promotes the idea that Black people <\/strong><strong><em>are<\/em><\/strong><strong> inferior<\/strong> (even if the inferiority isn\u2019t their fault, but was caused by racism).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Racist Thoughts Affect Everyone<\/strong><br><br>Part of Kendi\u2019s goal in identifying these three stances on race is to show how racist ideas don\u2019t just reside with openly racist white supremacists\u2014they affect how <em>everyone <\/em>thinks, regardless of one\u2019s own race or one\u2019s support or opposition for racist policies and ideas. For example, in Part 2 of this guide, we\u2019ll see that throughout history, both Black and white advocates against racism have harbored racist ideas without even realizing it.<br><br>Likewise, because we tend to think of racism as explicit hatred for other racial groups\u2014and because most people don\u2019t hold this hatred\u2014it can be hard to recognize the impact racism has on the world. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/\"><em>White Fragility<\/em><\/a>, Robin DiAngelo argues that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/chapters-3-7#race-talk\">many white Americans aren\u2019t explicitly racist, but nonetheless view the world through a racialized lens<\/a>. As Arlie Russell Hochschild argues in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/strangers-in-their-own-land\/\"><em>Strangers in Their Own Land<\/em><\/a>, this is partly because the institution of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/strangers-in-their-own-land\/part-4#poor-whites-of-the-antebellum-south\">slavery came to define what it meant to be white<\/a> just as much as what it meant to be Black.<br><br>The irony is that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-institutional-racism\/\">systemic racism<\/a> has even harmed some members of the race it ostensibly benefits. According to Hochschild, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/strangers-in-their-own-land\/1-page-summary#the-conservative-paradox\">racism is part of the paradoxical mix of beliefs and values that leads many poor white people to persistently vote against their own interests<\/a> and support policies that keep them impoverished. Meanwhile, in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/caste\/\"><em>Caste<\/em><\/a>, Isabel Wilkerson argues that middle- to lower-income <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/caste\/part-3#the-impact-of-the-caste-system-on-white-americans\">white Americans have suffered increased death rates from suicide, drug overdoses, and similar causes as a direct result of their loss of dominant-group status<\/a> in the wake of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/black-power-and-civil-rights-movement\/\">Civil Rights movement<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is subtle racism? How can racism be disguised with antiracist rhetoric? When we think about racist ideas, we tend to think about openly hateful, hostile, or discriminatory rhetoric. But racist thinking can take subtler forms and even disguise itself as nonracist. Here&#8217;s how you can spot racist logic, according to Ibram X. Kendi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":81663,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,24],"tags":[741],"class_list":["post-78439","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history","category-society","tag-stamped-from-the-beginning","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ibram X. Kendi: Racist Ideas Can Be Subtle - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Racist thought can take mild forms and even disguise itself as nonracist. According to Ibram X. 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