{"id":75434,"date":"2022-08-11T12:51:00","date_gmt":"2022-08-11T16:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=75434"},"modified":"2022-08-17T13:52:16","modified_gmt":"2022-08-17T17:52:16","slug":"emotional-neuroscience","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/","title":{"rendered":"Emotional Neuroscience (A New Theory of &#8220;Feeling&#8221;)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is emotional neuroscience? What does a modern theory of emotion tell us about neuroscience and emotions? <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to neuroscientist and psychologist Lisa Feldman Barrett, emotional neuroscience gives us a modern explanation of emotions, and many beliefs about how humans &#8220;feel&#8221; are outdated. Barrett&#8217;s new theory of constructed emotion reveals the neuroscience behind feelings and emotions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read on to learn how Barrett explains emotional neuroscience with her theory of constructed emotions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-emotional-neuroscience-according-to-barrett\">Emotional Neuroscience, According to Barrett<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In <em>How Emotions Are Made<\/em>, Lisa Feldman Barrett challenges many of society\u2019s long-standing beliefs about emotions, calling into question everything from what emotions are, to where they come from and how to control them. <strong>Barrett\u2019s research into emotional neuroscience demonstrates that:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>It\u2019s impossible to tell how other people are feeling just by looking at their facial expressions or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/body-language-crucial-conversations\/\">body language<\/a>.<\/li><li>Certain emotions exist in some cultures but not in others.<\/li><li>Factors as diverse as what you eat and what movies you watch can affect how well you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-manage-your-emotions\/\">manage your emotions<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Through her studies in neuroscience, Barrett introduces a new theory of emotion, which posits that emotions are neither innate nor universal; rather, your brain constructs them. Contrary to popular belief, humans aren\u2019t at the mercy of animal emotions. <strong>We play a role in creating our own emotions\u2014and we bear the responsibility for our emotional behavior.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How Emotions Are Made<\/em> uses emotional neuroscience to examine each element that the brain uses to make emotions (past experiences grouped together as \u201cemotion concepts,\u201d internal sensory input, and external sensory input), then puts them all together in a blueprint that explains how emotions are made. <strong>Barrett\u2019s work in the field of emotional neuroscience shows the following:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Emotions aren\u2019t scientifically measurable; they\u2019re mental concepts.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Emotions aren\u2019t universal across cultures.<\/li><li>Feelings and emotions are not the same thing.<\/li><li>Emotions are not reactions; they\u2019re predictions.<\/li><li>Emotions are not innate; they\u2019re constructed.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/can-emotional-stress-make-you-sick\/\">Emotion and illness<\/a> are not as unrelated as they seem.<\/li><li>Your emotions do not absolve you of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/you-are-responsible-for-your-own-actions\/\">responsibility for your actions<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>How Novel Is the Theory of Constructed Emotion?<\/strong><br><br>As Barrett herself recognizes, her <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/books\/2020\/sep\/25\/im-extremely-controversial-the-psychologist-rethinking-human-emotion\">theory of constructed emotion is controversial because it directly challenges the status quo<\/a>. Barrett\u2019s theory is indeed novel as a neuroscientific explanation of how the brain makes emotion out of cultural concepts. But when it comes to the psychological implications of her theory, some aspects of Barrett\u2019s research are consistent with more established beliefs about emotion.&nbsp;&nbsp;<br><br>For example, psychologist Daniel Goleman\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/emotional-intelligence\/1-page-summary\"><em>Emotional Intelligence<\/em><\/a>, one of the most widely read books about emotion, asserts that there\u2019s an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-are-the-regions-of-the-brain\/\">area of the brain<\/a> exclusively dedicated to emotions and that humans have two minds: a thinking one and a feeling one. In this sense, <em>Emotional Intelligence<\/em> expresses a more traditional theory of emotion that is directly at odds with Barrett\u2019s theory of constructed emotion, which uses emotional neuroscience to explain that the entire brain is involved in the process of making emotions and that rational thoughts do not exist independent of feelings.<br><br>Barrett and Goleman seem to agree, however, that past experiences associated with a particular emotion (which Goleman calls \u201cemotional memories\u201d and Barrett calls \u201cemotion concepts\u201d) largely determine the emotions someone experiences in the present. As a result, childhood experiences play a major role in an adult\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-health-and-well-being\/\">emotional well-being<\/a>.<br><br>Similarly, in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-body-keeps-the-score\/1-page-summary\"><em>The Body Keeps the Score<\/em><\/a>, psychiatrist Bessel van der Kolk, like Goleman, states that the brain is divided into a reptilian brain, an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-brain\/\">emotional brain<\/a>, and a rational brain. However, like Barrett, he also acknowledges that physical sensations in your body impact your emotions, and vice versa; in other words, your mind and body are inextricably connected.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is emotional neuroscience? What does a modern theory of emotion tell us about neuroscience and emotions? According to neuroscientist and psychologist Lisa Feldman Barrett, emotional neuroscience gives us a modern explanation of emotions, and many beliefs about how humans &#8220;feel&#8221; are outdated. Barrett&#8217;s new theory of constructed emotion reveals the neuroscience behind feelings and emotions. Read on to learn how Barrett explains emotional neuroscience with her theory of constructed emotions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":75600,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,160],"tags":[714],"class_list":["post-75434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","category-science","tag-how-emotions-are-made","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Emotional Neuroscience (A New Theory of &quot;Feeling&quot;) - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What does emotional neuroscience mean, according to modern theories? Learn neuroscientist Barrett&#039;s theory of constructed emotions.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Emotional Neuroscience (A New Theory of &quot;Feeling&quot;)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What does emotional neuroscience mean, according to modern theories? Learn neuroscientist Barrett&#039;s theory of constructed emotions.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-08-11T16:51:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-08-17T17:52:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/neuroscience-heart-emotions.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1662\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1230\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Emily Kitazawa\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Emily Kitazawa\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Emily Kitazawa\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/e094024454c7d3334a149c0cf039bdeb\"},\"headline\":\"Emotional Neuroscience (A New Theory of &#8220;Feeling&#8221;)\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-11T16:51:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-08-17T17:52:16+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\"},\"wordCount\":628,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/neuroscience-heart-emotions.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"How Emotions Are Made\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Psychology\",\"Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/\",\"name\":\"Emotional Neuroscience (A New Theory of \\\"Feeling\\\") - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-neuroscience\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/neuroscience-heart-emotions.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-08-11T16:51:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-08-17T17:52:16+00:00\",\"description\":\"What does emotional neuroscience mean, according to modern theories? 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