{"id":71658,"date":"2022-07-08T15:33:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-08T19:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=71658"},"modified":"2022-07-15T10:40:53","modified_gmt":"2022-07-15T14:40:53","slug":"optimistic-about-the-future","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/optimistic-about-the-future\/","title":{"rendered":"The Importance of Being Optimistic About the Future"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Why should we be optimistic about the future? Why is infinite knowledge vital for our future?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are so many pessimistic predictions about the future, but there are based on our current knowledge. Accepting that there is more to learn can better improve lives and create an optimistic outlook for the future. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read why <em>The Beginning of Infinity<\/em>&#8216;s author David Deutsch says infinite knowledge creates infinite optimism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>When Knowledge Becomes Universal<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While knowledge usually grows incrementally (discoveries building step-by-step on those that came before), sometimes one of those discoveries has far-reaching, even universal, implications. Thinking big about knowledge is the key to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-be-more-optimistic-2\/\">being optimistic<\/a> about the future.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, as scientists studied what matter is made of, breaking it down into smaller and smaller parts, they eventually discovered the elements of the periodic table and the atoms that compose them. We now know that <em>everything<\/em>\u2014from sand to stars to our own bodies\u2014is made of those atoms in various combinations.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In theory, by finding the right ways to combine the elements of the periodic table, we could create anything we can imagine. Deutsch says we can\u2019t do that yet because we don\u2019t fully understand the universality of the atom. In other words, we know (to some extent) what atoms are and how they behave, but we don\u2019t know <em>why <\/em>everything is made of atoms, and why certain combinations of atoms create certain things.&nbsp;Think of atoms as the alphabet of the universe: <strong>Once we fully understand the rules that gave rise to it, we\u2019ll be able to arrange the letters into any words we want. <\/strong>Once we have that breakthrough, our understanding of atoms and elements will become universal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-search-for-universal-truth\"><strong>The Search for Universal Truth<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, the search for these pieces of universal knowledge is the ultimate purpose of science. In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/a-brief-history-of-time\"><em>A Brief History of Time<\/em><\/a>, Hawking explains that science currently has <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/a-brief-history-of-time\/question-2#no-unifying-theory\">two prevailing theories<\/a> that explain how the universe works:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>General relativity <\/strong>accurately explains and predicts how large objects behave (in physics terms, \u201clarge\u201d generally means \u201cbig enough to see with the naked eye\u201d). However, it cannot explain how subatomic particles such as electrons behave.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/quantum-mechanics-theory\/\">Quantum mechanics<\/a> <\/strong>can <em>somewhat <\/em>explain the behavior of those subatomic particles, but it operates with completely different rules than general relativity. Furthermore, quantum mechanics is still imprecise, only offering results in terms of probability rather than certain outcomes.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Hawking says that the final goal of physics is to combine these two theories into a Grand <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/unified-theory-of-everything\/\">Unified Theory<\/a> that applies to any type of physics problem\u2014what Deutsch would call a piece of \u201cuniversal knowledge.\u201d However, so far the two theories have proven incompatible, meaning that we need more incremental advancements before we can achieve Hawking\u2019s dream of a universal theory of everything.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-case-for-optimism\"><strong>The Case for Optimism<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We\u2019ve discussed various ways in which humans create knowledge, and how we could continue creating knowledge forever. However, all of that begs the question: So what? For Deutsch,<strong> the potential to create infinite knowledge is grounds for infinite optimism about the future.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First of all, there have been\u2014and continue to be\u2014many <em>pessimistic <\/em>predictions about the future. For example, there have been numerous projections about how many human beings Earth can support, some of which estimated under a billion people; clearly, we\u2019ve far surpassed those predictions. Today, many scientists predict that climate change will devastate much of the world, perhaps within our lifetimes, but there\u2019s hope that we can overturn those predictions as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Such predictions were\u2014and are\u2014based on <em>current<\/em> knowledge. We\u2019ve exceeded expectations many times before, and that\u2019s because <strong>there\u2019s no way of knowing what we\u2019ll know in the future. <\/strong>Therefore,<strong> <\/strong>Deutsch rejects such pessimism and instead offers a knowledge-based argument for embracing optimism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, he starts with the assumption that knowledge alleviates suffering.<strong> <\/strong>Because we develop new knowledge to answer questions and solve problems, every bit of knowledge we acquire reduces suffering in the world by a tiny bit. Second, he reiterates that knowledge is infinite.&nbsp;In short:<strong> There\u2019s no limit to what we can learn, and therefore there\u2019s no limit to how much we can <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/freedom-from-suffering\/\">reduce suffering<\/a> in the world.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-we-don-t-know-what-we-ll-know\"><strong>We Don\u2019t Know What We\u2019ll Know<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps one of the most optimistic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/vision-for-the-future\/\">visions of the future<\/a> comes from <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/lifespan\"><em>Lifespan<\/em><\/a>, written by geneticist David Sinclair. Sinclair predicts that Earth can support a theoretically infinite number of people, that our quality of life will improve endlessly, and that someday <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/lifespan\/1-page-summary#part-3-a-world-without-aging\">people will be able to live forever<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some of these predictions\u2014especially about overcoming aging and living forever\u2014are based on Sinclair\u2019s own work as a scientist, but others are rooted in the same optimism that Deutsch has: That knowledge can increase endlessly, and that there\u2019s no way of knowing what we\u2019ll know in the future.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a proof of concept, Sinclair points out that the last two centuries have seen the biggest <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/global-population-growth\/\">population boom<\/a> in the history of the world, driven in large part by increased life expectancy; at the same time, <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/lifespan\/1-page-summary#causes-for-optimism\">the average quality of life has increased drastically<\/a>. He doesn\u2019t see any reason why those trends should suddenly reverse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why should we be optimistic about the future? Why is infinite knowledge vital for our future? There are so many pessimistic predictions about the future, but there are based on our current knowledge. Accepting that there is more to learn can better improve lives and create an optimistic outlook for the future. Read why The Beginning of Infinity&#8216;s author David Deutsch says infinite knowledge creates infinite optimism.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":46220,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,160,6],"tags":[677],"class_list":["post-71658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-motivation","category-science","category-spiritual","tag-the-beginning-of-infinity","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Importance of Being Optimistic About the Future - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There are many pessimistic predictions about the future. But there&#039;s no reason for them. 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