{"id":71261,"date":"2022-06-27T17:59:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-27T21:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=71261"},"modified":"2022-07-11T15:19:33","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T19:19:33","slug":"what-is-the-purpose-of-war","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-the-purpose-of-war\/","title":{"rendered":"What Is the Purpose of War? Carl von Clausewitz&#8217;s View"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is the purpose of war? Can political objectives be achieved without resorting to war?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Prussian general and military theorist\u00a0Carl von Clausewitz, the purpose of war is to achieve a political outcome, but war is often misused. Politicians often start wars that achieve the opposite of what they wanted to achieve.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep reading to learn about the main purpose of war, according to Clausewitz. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-purpose-of-war\"><strong>The Purpose of War<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What is the purpose of war? According to Clausewitz, <strong>war is nothing but a tool of politics<\/strong>. When different nations or groups have conflicting political interests, one way to make the other side accommodate <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-are-you-curious-about\/\">your interests<\/a> is to compel them by means of military force. This, then, is the purpose of war: to force the enemy to comply with some kind of political demand. For example, maybe one country demands control of a region currently controlled by another country and invades that region if the other country refuses to cede it. Or perhaps an interest group within a country demands governmental reform and starts a revolutionary war if the government doesn\u2019t reform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Robert Greene turns this definition of war around and uses it as the basis of his book <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-33-strategies-of-war\"><em>The 33 Strategies of War<\/em><\/a>. Where Clausewitz says the purpose of war is to compel someone (typically the leader of a rival nation) to yield to political demands, Greene says that any attempt to compel or control someone is <em>itself <\/em>an act of war. As such, he argues that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-33-strategies-of-war\">you can apply strategies developed for military operations in any area of life<\/a> where people may try to control you, such as work and business.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-defenders-make-wars-happen\">Defenders Make Wars Happen<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>As Clausewitz points out, his definition of the purpose of war implies that, as counterintuitive as it sounds, <strong>war is generally caused by <\/strong><strong><em>defenders<\/em><\/strong><strong>, not aggressors.<\/strong> This is because aggressors don\u2019t directly make war; they only make political demands and perhaps send troops to enforce their demands. If the defender gives in to their demands without a fight, then the war doesn\u2019t happen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Fighting Back<\/strong><br><br>It may be more intuitive to rephrase this principle as \u201cbullies prefer victims who won\u2019t fight back.\u201d Fighting back is the cost of preventing the aggressor from getting their way, whether the aggressor is a foreign nation invading your sovereign territory or a burglar invading your home.&nbsp;<br><br>Is defying the aggressor\u2019s intentions worth the cost? Some have argued that it isn\u2019t. For example, theologian <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-cost-of-discipleship\/1-page-summary#pacifism\">Dietrich Bonhoeffer argued that non-resistance to aggression is morally preferable<\/a>.&nbsp;<br>However, others such as self-defense trainer and former US Army Ranger John Lovell argue that <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/fOsSTPYbcYY?t=24\">the moral and psychological cost of allowing someone to commit a horrible crime is far greater than the cost of fighting back<\/a>. It seems safe to assume that Clausewitz would agree with this perspective, both in the case of individuals and nations.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-war-can-be-misused\">War Can Be Misused&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, war is not the only tool for advancing political interests. Clausewitz would probably agree that you shouldn\u2019t resort to war if you can achieve your political purpose by other, less extreme measures. He does point out that, while war is a tool of politics, politicians sometimes use it in ways that defeat its purpose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Some experts argue that war and a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/handling-conflict\/\">combative mindset<\/a> are <em>usually<\/em> counterproductive because they provoke others to resist you. In <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-anatomy-of-peace\"><em>The Anatomy of Peace<\/em><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-anatomy-of-peace-by-the-arbinger-institute\/\">the Arbinger Institute<\/a> argues this point and proposes a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-anatomy-of-peace#the-cooperative-strategy\">strategy for getting others to accommodate your interests or demands without resistance<\/a> by first building a relationship with them based on a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/cooperative-conflict-resolution\/\">cooperative mindset<\/a>. They develop this strategy mostly in the context of interpersonal relationships, but some elements of their strategy could apply to international relations as well.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is the purpose of war? Can political objectives be achieved without resorting to war? According to Prussian general and military theorist\u00a0Carl von Clausewitz, the purpose of war is to achieve a political outcome, but war is often misused. Politicians often start wars that achieve the opposite of what they wanted to achieve.\u00a0 Keep reading to learn about the main purpose of war, according to Clausewitz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":361,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,275],"tags":[674],"class_list":["post-71261","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy","category-politics","tag-on-war","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Is the Purpose of War? Carl von Clausewitz&#039;s View - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is the purpose of war? 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According to Clausewitz, war is nothing but a tool of politics, but politicians don\u2019t always use it correctly.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-the-purpose-of-war\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-06-27T21:59:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-11T19:19:33+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/five-dysfunctions-conflict.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"762\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"454\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Darya Sinusoid\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Darya Sinusoid\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-the-purpose-of-war\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-the-purpose-of-war\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Darya Sinusoid\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/0421cce75bc249b11e2517b3a91f9c46\"},\"headline\":\"What Is the Purpose of War? 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