{"id":64171,"date":"2022-04-14T12:46:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T16:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=64171"},"modified":"2022-04-20T12:38:41","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T16:38:41","slug":"effective-speech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/effective-speech\/","title":{"rendered":"The Key Elements of an Effective Speech"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Do you have an important speech coming up? What are some things you need to consider when planning your speech?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Chris Anderson, all effective speeches begin with an idea, and they come alive with a throughline. So first, you\u2019ll need to determine what your speech will be about\u2014your idea. Then you\u2019ll need to decide what message you want your audience to take with them\u2014your throughline.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, you&#8217;ll learn how to plan an effective speech and keep your audience on track from start to finish. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-idea\"><strong>The Idea<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Anderson says that too often, people believe their idea must be \u201cbig\u201d to be worthy of a speech, and this simply isn\u2019t true. <strong>Some ideas are big<\/strong>\u2014for example, an invention that will save lives, or a civil rights issue that will affect future generations. <strong>But other ideas are subtle<\/strong>, like an observation about human behavior or a juxtaposition of landscapes.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;For example, remember a time when your thinking was shifted, or you were delighted and entertained. Often, subtle ideas spark these life-changing moments. <strong>Both big and subtle ideas have the potential to influence or move an audience.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-throughline\"><strong>The Throughline&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Once you have an idea, Anderson says the next step is to <strong>determine your throughline, <\/strong>or <strong>the point of your speech<\/strong>. So if your idea is, \u201cI want to talk about my trip to Alaska and how the Inuits live,\u201d an example of a throughline would be, \u201cPeople who live in small, self-sufficient communities live more creatively than people in big cities.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anderson says <strong>you should be able to express your throughline in one sentence<\/strong>. By thinking of it in such concise terms, you\u2019re more likely to stay on track. Imagine this throughline as a connecting thread that\u2019s woven in and out of your speech from beginning to end. When this is done well, the audience remains engaged.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Avoid predictable throughlines<\/strong>. Anderson says an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-surprise-someone\/\">element of surprise<\/a> ensures your audience\u2019s curiosity from the beginning. For example, which speech sounds more interesting: <em>The Dangers of Procrastination<\/em> or <em>The Benefits of Procrastination?&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some examples of effective throughlines include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Having willpower isn\u2019t enough to break a habit.<\/li><li>Showing weakness is the strongest action you can take.<\/li><li>Limiting screen time can damage your child.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that each of these is one sentence, contains a lesson, and has a surprising approach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>How to Give an Effective Speech:<\/strong> <strong>Keep Your Audience on Track<\/strong><br><br>Anderson says that a throughline ensures your audience will stay with you from start to finish. Additional strategies to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hamilton.edu\/academics\/centers\/oralcommunication\/guides\/how-to-engage-your-audience-and-keep-them-with-you\">keep your listeners\u2019 attention<\/a> include:&nbsp;<br><br>&#8211; <strong>Use transition words<\/strong> <strong>and phrases<\/strong> to let them know <em>where<\/em> in the speech you are. \u201cIt began with\u2026\u201d \u201cAfter that, I\u2026\u201d and \u201cFinally, I learned\u2026\u201d all help your listeners follow the rhythm of your talk.<br><br>&#8211; <strong>Avoid jargon. <\/strong>A sentence or two of incomprehensible language is enough to lose your audience\u2019s attention. Use words that everyone can understand.<br><br>&#8211; <strong>Use analogies and stories <\/strong>to explain the more complicated parts of your speech. They give your audience a break from concentrating and are enjoyable.<br><br>&#8211; <strong>Make the conclusion clear<\/strong> and connect it back to your <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/core-message\/\">main point<\/a> (throughline). An abrupt end is jarring to the audience, so design your last handful of sentences to signal that the speech is coming to a close.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-difference-between-a-topic-and-a-throughline\"><strong>The Difference Between a Topic and a Throughline<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Anderson makes a clear distinction between topics and throughlines. <strong>A topic is what your speech is about, but the throughline is the lesson. <\/strong>A topic is also circumstantial, while the throughline is universal. <strong>Think of the topic as the tool you use to illustrate your throughline.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whoever asks you to speak might assign the topic or the throughline, but Anderson says it\u2019s rare to be given both. For example, you might be asked to speak at a conference on the topic of your new invention, but the throughline is yours to develop. Or, you might be asked to speak to your company about the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/why-is-collaboration-important\/\">benefits of collaboration<\/a>, but how you illustrate that message (your topic) is your choice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/talk-like-ted\"><em>Talk Like TED<\/em><\/a><em>, <\/em>Carmine Gallo recommends incorporating a \u201cshocking moment\u201d into your presentation. This can include an unbelievable statistic, a startling photo, a surprising story, and so on. He says that <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/talk-like-ted\/chapter-4\">this shocking moment should drive home the message of your speech<\/a>\u2014or, in Anderson\u2019s terms, your throughline.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-avoid-these-speech-styles\"><strong>Avoid These Speech Styles<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Now that you have an idea and throughline, you\u2019re almost ready to start planning your speech. Before you do, however, Anderson warns of<strong> four ineffective speech styles to steer clear of<\/strong>, which we have titled: <em>The Advertisement, The Never-Ending Ramble, The Pat on the Back, <\/em>and <em>The Performance.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-advertisement\"><strong>The Advertisement<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What it is: <\/strong>In this kind of speech, the speaker isn\u2019t aiming to give something to the audience (for example, an insight, invention, or new knowledge). Rather, Anderson says the speaker is seeking to <em>take<\/em>. He\u2019s either trying to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-sell-a-product\/\">sell a product<\/a>, his own services, or convince the audience to take an action that benefits him.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why it doesn\u2019t work:<\/strong> Anderson warns that when an audience senses that they\u2019re the targets of an advertisement, they instantly become wary. The speaker is unlikely to yield sales this way, and he also risks damaging his reputation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The remedy: <\/strong>Anderson says even if your goal <em>is<\/em> to sell something, you should always seek to give. Instead of plugging yourself, focus on communicating your ideas. For example, if you\u2019re a life coach and you\u2019re hoping to secure new clients, <em>don\u2019t<\/em> center your speech around your services or achievements. Instead, show the audience an important way they can improve their lives and let them come to you for more.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: To avoid sounding like a salesperson when you really <em>are<\/em> trying to sell something, one strategy is to <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.hubspot.com\/sales\/how-to-avoid-sounding-like-a-pushy-salesperson\">focus on problems and solutions rather than products<\/a>. Think of three distinct problems that your company solved for clients recently. How can you tell these as entertaining stories? Is there a connecting theme to tie them all together? You now have a sales pitch that doesn\u2019t feel like a sales pitch.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-never-ending-ramble\"><strong>The Never-Ending Ramble<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What it is: <\/strong>In this type of speech, the speaker doesn\u2019t have a plan and tries to wing it. Anderson says this method is fairly common among confident speakers, but often results in a rambling, incoherent speech. At worst, the speech flops. At best, it isn\u2019t as effective as it could be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why it doesn\u2019t work: <\/strong>Anderson says that showing up to a speaking engagement unprepared is insulting to the audience. If the audience knows you haven\u2019t put any time or thought into what you\u2019re presenting, you come across as arrogant, and they\u2019re unlikely to take away anything of value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The remedy: <\/strong>If you prefer to speak in the moment, Anderson says you don\u2019t have to script your speech. However, you should know what your throughline is, all of the major points you want to cover, and how to execute the speech within a given time limit. (Shortform note: Part 5 of this guide discusses how to successfully deliver an unscripted speech.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-pat-on-the-back\"><strong>The Pat on the Back<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What it is: <\/strong>In this speech style, Anderson says the speaker spends her time talking about her company, her colleagues, and their accomplishments. This can take the form of bragging, or as a long list of \u201cthank yous.\u201d In both cases, it bores the audience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why it doesn\u2019t work: <\/strong>The audience gains nothing from listening to the details of your organization or the names of those who contributed. Anderson sympathizes with the desire to recognize your hard-working team, but speeches should be in service of the audience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The remedy: <\/strong>Anderson advises focusing on the work you\u2019re doing, not on who is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-do-hard-work\/\">doing the work<\/a>. If you must thank someone in your speech, do it succinctly and get back to the big idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: One way to acknowledge your team without drawing attention away from your ideas is to show photos of them working on the project as slides in the background of your presentation. In Part 5 of this guide, we discuss the book\u2019s recommendations for visual aids, such as using photos that show action, rather than portraits.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-performance\"><strong>The Performance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>What it is: <\/strong>In this style, the speaker goes on stage with the goal of a standing ovation or moment in the spotlight. Anderson says this speaker will milk the audience for applause by pausing dramatically or gesturing with outstretched arms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Why it doesn\u2019t work:<\/strong> Anderson says if you\u2019re desperate to be inspirational, the audience can sense it and will pull back. You can\u2019t be inspirational just because you want to be; it\u2019s a badge of honor earned through intense dedication and legitimate passion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The remedy: <\/strong>Anderson says to opt for substance over style. Wait until you have something worthwhile to say before stepping on the stage\u2014even if you\u2019re a born speaker.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Joel Schwartzberg, a professional presentation coach, says that <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2021\/01\/stop-scripting-your-speeches#:~:text=willing%20to%20express%20it%20personally,their%20public%20speaking%20anxiety.%20After\">writing a script in itself sets you up for this performance scenario<\/a>. Rather than focusing on the ideas we want to communicate, when we write a speech we often focus instead on the words we\u2019re choosing, and whether they\u2019re impressive or eloquent enough. He believes that by writing notes instead of a script, the words you say will be more appropriate and less pretentious.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you have an important speech coming up? What are some things you need to consider when planning your speech? According to Chris Anderson, all effective speeches begin with an idea, and they come alive with a throughline. So first, you\u2019ll need to determine what your speech will be about\u2014your idea. Then you\u2019ll need to decide what message you want your audience to take with them\u2014your throughline.&nbsp;&nbsp; In this article, you&#8217;ll learn how to plan an effective speech and keep your audience on track from start to finish.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":10099,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,34,15],"tags":[602],"class_list":["post-64171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-career","category-communication","category-education","tag-ted-talks","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Key Elements of an Effective Speech - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"All great speeches begin with an idea and come alive with a throughline. 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