{"id":5824,"date":"2019-12-21T21:56:48","date_gmt":"2019-12-22T01:56:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=5824"},"modified":"2022-03-17T15:56:14","modified_gmt":"2022-03-17T19:56:14","slug":"good-is-the-enemy-of-great","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/good-is-the-enemy-of-great\/","title":{"rendered":"Good Is the Enemy of Great: Jim Collins on Business Success"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In his book <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/key-takeaways-from-good-to-great\/\">Good to Great<\/a><\/em>, Jim Collins argues that good is the enemy of great. Why? And must we all strive for greatness? What separates the good companies from the truly great ones?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We&#8217;ll cover why good is the enemy of great and Jim Collins&#8217;s strategies for turning a good company into a great one.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Must We All Strive for Greatness?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before the transition point, both the good-to-great companies and their comparisons were either tracking or slightly bettering the general market return. But this didn\u2019t feel enough.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Why try to build something great?<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Collins has two answers:<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>#1: Greatness requires no more (and sometimes less) effort than goodness.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Although fewer companies reach greatness overall, the actual procedures necessary to achieve greatness\u2014hiring the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/hiring-the-right-people\/\">right people<\/a>, developing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/hedgehog-concept\/\">Hedgehog Concept<\/a>, maintaining discipline\u2014aren\u2019t prohibitively painful.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Think about the \u201cstop doing\u201d list: <strong>Many of the reforms necessary to achieve greatness actually involve <em>reducing energy output and waste<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you&#8217;re wasting time on tasks that aren&#8217;t priorities, you may have a good company, but not a great one. This is one reason good is the enemy of great.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>#2: If you feel like what you do has purpose, the quest for greatness is a given.<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The Level 5 executives Collins interviewed strived for greatness not for accolades or material rewards but rather for <em>the sake of<\/em> <em>greatness itself<\/em>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They believed deeply in their mission and the mission of their companies, and <strong>because they felt like what they did had profound meaning, they wanted to do it as best they could.<\/strong> It would never occur to them to settle for \u201cjust OK.\u201d If you settle for good, you&#8217;ll never be great. Good is the enemy of great.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If, at your job or in another area of your life, you find yourself content to float in the middle of the pack, it stands to reason that that part of your life doesn\u2019t excite your imagination and passion. Remember hedgehog thinking: <strong>Greatness requires great enthusiasm<\/strong>. If you\u2019re doing something you love, you can\u2019t help but want to be great at it.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And once you start doing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/fulfilling-work\/\">meaningful work<\/a>, you will find yourself on the path to having a meaningful life and feeling like you made a contribution. Collins ends the book on a reflective note, saying that the greatest satisfaction is knowing that your short time alive meant something.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Good Is the Enemy of Great<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The follow-up to <em>Built to Last<\/em>, Jim Collins\u2019s influential study of 18 of America\u2019s enduringly great companies, <em>Good to Great<\/em> leverages a 20-person research team, dozens of interviews, and thousands of pages of documents to answer two questions: Can a <em>good <\/em>company become a <em>great <\/em>one? And, if it can, <em>how<\/em>? He concluded that a good company <em>can <\/em>become a great one, but good is the enemy of great. You need to actively work toward greatness to achieve it. Settling for good and waiting for your fortunes to change is never enough.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Methods<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To identify clear examples of good-to-great transitions, Collins and his team searched for companies with 15-year returns equal to or below the general market that, <strong>after a distinct transition point, recorded 15-year returns at least three times the general market<\/strong>. They found 11 companies that met these criteria.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Collins and his team then identified a \u201ccomparison company\u201d for each good-to-great company. The criteria for comparison companies were that (1) they were similarly resourced and situated as their relative good-to-great companies and (2) their returns remained at or below the general market return after the transition point.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers also examined six \u201cunsustained comparisons\u201d\u2014companies that beat the market after the transition point but failed to sustain those results across the full 15-year threshold. These companies settled, and good is the enemy of great.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Companies<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The 11 companies are listed below. Comparison companies are in parentheses, followed by the companies\u2019 industries.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Abbott (Upjohn) \u2013 Health Care<\/li><li>Circuit City (Silo) \u2013 Retail<\/li><li>Fannie Mae (Great Western) \u2013 Financial Services<\/li><li>Gillette (Warner-Lambert) \u2013 Consumer Goods<\/li><li>Kroger (A&amp;P) \u2013 Retail<\/li><li>Nucor (Bethlehem Steel) \u2013 Steel<\/li><li>Philip Morris (R. J. Reynolds) \u2013 Tobacco<\/li><li>Pitney Bowes (Addressograph) \u2013 Business Services<\/li><li>Walgreens (Eckerd) \u2013 Retail&nbsp;<\/li><li>Wells Fargo (Bank of America) \u2013 Banking\/Financial Services<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Unsustained comparisons:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Burroughs \u2013 Business Services<\/li><li>Chrysler \u2013 Automotive<\/li><li>Harris \u2013 Aerospace and Defense (previously Business Services)<\/li><li>Hasbro \u2013 Toys\/Entertainment<\/li><li>Rubbermaid \u2013 Manufacturing<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/teledyne-henry-singleton-the-outsiders\/\">Teledyne<\/a> \u2013 Conglomerate (Electronics, Aerospace and Defense)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What Distinguished the Great Companies from the Good Ones?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The great companies followed six essential steps. They never settled for good, knowing that good is the enemy of great. The six steps:<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Cultivating Singular Leadership<\/strong><strong><em><br><br><\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Good-to-great companies have what Collins <em>et al<\/em>. call \u201cLevel 5\u201d leaders. Level 5 leaders are personally humble, almost shy, but highly driven professionally\u2014more like Lincoln than Patton.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They avoid the limelight and tend to credit exterior forces or colleagues for their companies\u2019 successes. Although they\u2019re often personally likable and inspiring, they\u2019re not usually \u201ccharismatic.\u201d<br><br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their lack of ego enables them to concentrate on one thing and one thing only: <strong>the company\u2019s success<\/strong>. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-achieve\/\">How to achieve<\/a> it<\/em>: Collins admits that Level 5 characteristics are likely a product of both nature and nurture and so are difficult to create out of whole cloth; he also doesn\u2019t have hard data to back up any suggestions he might make. His best advice for aspiring Level 5 leaders is to follow the <em>other <\/em>precepts he outlines. That way, even if you <em>aren\u2019t <\/em>a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/jim-collins-level-5-leadership\/\">Level 5 leader<\/a>, you\u2019ll at least be <em>acting<\/em> like one. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Assembling the Right Team<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Good-to-great companies retain the right people <em>before <\/em>embarking on any specific program. Good-enough people won&#8217;t cut it. (Remember, good is the enemy of great!)<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A good-to-great team is composed of people who care deeply about the company and will argue passionately for the decisions they believe are right (but will come together to support whatever decision is eventually reached).<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avoid at all costs the \u201cgenius with a thousand helpers\u201d model; <strong>management teams should be composed of independent and critical thinkers, not \u201cyes people.\u201d<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How to achieve it<\/em>: (1) Don\u2019t hire until you\u2019re sure you have the right person; (2) recognize when you need to make a change (whether by shifting a role or letting someone go) and act swiftly; and (3) assign your best people to your biggest opportunities rather than your biggest problems. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Unearthing and Facing Facts<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Good-to-great companies are evangelical about recognizing market realities and reacting in kind.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That said, no matter how dire the facts, they never lose faith that, eventually, they\u2019ll prevail.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The key is to be stoic yet hopeful, realistic without turning cynical<\/strong>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How to achieve it<\/em>: With the right management team\u2014one comprising sharp, critical thinkers\u2014the facts should never be in short supply. Leaders can encourage truth-telling by: (1) Beginning meetings with <em>questions<\/em>, not <em>answers<\/em>; (2) cultivating, rather than stifling, debate among the team; and (3) conducting clear-eyed analyses of mistakes without assignation of blame. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Thinking Like a Hedgehog<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFoxes\u201d know many things and see the world in all its complexity, whereas \u201cHedgehogs\u201d know one <em>big <\/em>thing and order the world according <em>to<\/em> that thing.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A good-to-great company thinks like a hedgehog by developing a \u201cHedgehog Concept\u201d\u2014an elegant, easy-to-understand guiding philosophy based on facts\u2014that it adheres to fanatically<\/strong>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How to achieve it: <\/em>A company\u2019s \u201cHedgehog Concept\u201d is derived from the answer(s) to three questions: (1) At what can I be the best in the world? (2) What is my financial engine? And (3) What am I profoundly passionate about?<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Maintaining Discipline<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Good-to-great companies make the jump because they constantly refer to and consistently realize their Hedgehog Concepts. Rigorous adherence to a Hedgehog Concept saves companies from panic acquisitions or misguided projects. Some acquisitions will be good, but won&#8217;t move the company forward towards its goal, because good is the enemy of great.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Good-to-great companies also lack the administrative and managerial burdens of other companies\u2014<strong>with the right people in place and an easy-to-understand Hedgehog Concept, the need for tight management or layers of bureaucracy withers away<\/strong>. Discipline <em>does not <\/em>mean a tyranny presided over by the executive.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How to achieve it<\/em>: (1) Allow individuals freedom within a clear framework of responsibility; (2) retain self-disciplined people who are driven to produce results; (3) recognize that a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-of-discipline-jim-collins\/\">disciplined culture<\/a> is different from a culture led by a tyrant or disciplinarian; and (4) adhere fanatically to hedgehog thinking. A key technique for staying true to your Hedgehog Concept? <strong>Create a \u201cstop doing\u201d list<\/strong>. <br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Using Technology Tactically<\/strong><strong><br><br><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>For good-to-great companies, technology isn\u2019t the <em>creator <\/em>of great results but their <em>accelerant<\/em>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rather than follow technological fads and adopt new technology for its own sake, good-to-great companies pioneer particular <\/strong><strong><em>uses <\/em><\/strong><strong>of new technology<\/strong>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>How to achieve it<\/em>: When evaluating a new technology, the key question to ask is: How does this technology impact my Hedgehog Concept? If it doesn\u2019t, you can safely ignore it and\/or accept parity in its use; if it does, you must figure out how you can lead<em> <\/em>in the <em>application<\/em> of that technology.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Flywheels vs. Doom Loops<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Each step on the road to great takes <em>time<\/em>\u2014<strong>there is no bolt from the blue or miracle moment<\/strong>. But patience doesn&#8217;t mean settling for good and denying that good is the enemy of great. It means <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stretch-yourself\/\">aiming high<\/a> but knowing it will take time to get there.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Collins likens the process of going from good to great to the turning of a heavy flywheel. To get the flywheel moving takes continuous effort and dedication, but once it\u2019s spinning, its momentum keeps it going. <strong><em>Greatness is the result of the steady, disciplined adherence to the six steps described above<\/em><\/strong>.<br><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately, many leaders are under the impression that massive success can happen overnight\u2014by dint of a splashy initiative, big-ticket acquisition, or cutting-edge technology. These moves all too often fail and lead to further drastic measures\u2014restructurings, layoffs\u2014which lead to further declines and on and on. This painful cycle is the \u201cdoom loop,\u201d and it can be avoided by the diligent observance of Collins\u2019s six steps.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In his book Good to Great, Jim Collins argues that good is the enemy of great. Why? And must we all strive for greatness? What separates the good companies from the truly great ones? We&#8217;ll cover why good is the enemy of great and Jim Collins&#8217;s strategies for turning a good company into a great one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5839,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,14],"tags":[67],"class_list":["post-5824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-management","tag-good-to-great","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Good Is the Enemy of Great: Jim Collins on Business Success - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In Good to Great, Jim Collins argues that good is the enemy of great. Why? 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