{"id":56321,"date":"2021-12-29T12:31:00","date_gmt":"2021-12-29T16:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=56321"},"modified":"2021-12-30T12:42:31","modified_gmt":"2021-12-30T16:42:31","slug":"culture-body-image","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/","title":{"rendered":"The Effect of Culture on Body Image"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

How does modern culture encourage shame around the body? How does body shaming affect self-esteem? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cultural ideals have pressured women into achieving a certain body type for centuries. The effects of harmful messaging around the body are not so easy to overcome because our culture encourages them. According to Emily Nagoski, the two ways in which this is accomplished are by distorting self-criticism into something positive and convincing women that fat is something to avoid at all costs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s look at the effect of culture on body image. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Society Tells Us to Embrace Self-Criticism<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nagoski asserts that the practice of self-criticism is so deeply ingrained in our culture<\/strong> that by the time girls hit puberty, they\u2019ve already begun to internalize the practice of body shaming. Even before adulthood, young girls\u2019 self-confidence is severely neglected. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: The rise of social media<\/a> use in recent years by children and teens has greatly contributed to this problem. Research conducted by Facebook, for example, showed that Instagram worsens body image issues for 1 in 3 girls<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What\u2019s more, Nagoski observes that culture permits us to criticize but not love ourselves<\/strong>. For example, it\u2019s perfectly acceptable to complain to our friends about how much we hate our stomachs but not to celebrate how much we love our hips.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: Although this mentality persists, the body-positivity movement has made great strides in attempting to combat it since the late 1960s<\/a>. What first began as fat activism in the United States evolved into a global movement that encourages people of all sizes to love themselves as they are.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This prevalence of self-criticism in our day-to-day lives creates the impression that we can use it to motivate ourselves to be better. According to Nagoski, however, not only does it not motivate us, but it also creates stress.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: Although Nagoski claims that self-criticism doesn\u2019t motivate us, others would disagree. Some say that as long as self-criticism doesn\u2019t turn into self-deprecation, we can use it as a tool to constructively analyze our behavior<\/a>. In particular, self-criticism can raise awareness of the things we need to improve and help us unlock our full potential.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Society Tells Us to Fear Fat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Our culture has also created a reality where girls worry about their weight from an early age.<\/strong> Nagoski claims this is because mainstream media outlets, and even some academics, equate lower weight and thinness with health and beauty. Because of this, Nagoski adds, countless girls and women desire to lose weight to improve their health or appearance, and in some cases, they even develop eating disorders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: Although Nagoski focuses on the media and academics as the main sources of women\u2019s fear of fat, it\u2019s not the only culprit. Familial dynamics or peer pressure can also cause fear of gaining weight<\/a>. For example, if you grew up with a mother who constantly scrutinized her weight, you would be likely to internalize the same fears.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nagoski argues that in reality, weight isn\u2019t indicative of our health but is instead a simple measure of gravity<\/strong>. It says nothing about our wellness or beauty, and losing weight won\u2019t necessarily make us healthier. Instead, we can improve our health by adopting healthy lifestyle habits and treating ourselves with respect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: Many experts agree with Nagoski\u2019s claim that a person\u2019s weight has no bearing on their health. In particular, they criticize the use of the Body Mass Index (BMI)\u2014which calculates a person\u2019s size based on height and weight\u2014as a measure of health, claiming that it\u2019s unreliable and advocating for abandoning it altogether. However, there isn\u2019t consensus across the board. Some say that while BMI may have its shortcomings, it\u2019s still a useful tool in predicting future health outcomes when combined with other measures<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By doing this every day, Nagoski assures you that you can gradually unlearn the cultural tendency of self-judgment, as well as the self-disgust your body may trigger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The History of Cultural Influence on Women\u2019s Body Image<\/strong>

Although Nagoski points to the mid-20th century as the start of a rise in messaging that negatively affects women\u2019s body image, culture has pressured women into achieving a certain body type for much longer. To demonstrate, let\u2019s discuss some of the historical ideals present in different cultures throughout history<\/a>, including those of Victorian England and the Tang Dynasty in China.

In 19th-century Victorian England, the cultural ideal was an hourglass shape. This influenced women to wear corsets, which would physically mold their bodies to have thin waists and full hips. Despite dangerous medical consequences, such as deformed ribs and even muscle atrophy, women felt pressured to continue the practice because in striving for the ideal, they had a better chance at accruing social power.

In contrast, during the Tang Dynasty, which lasted from 618 to 906 A.D., people considered full-figured and even obese women beautiful. This was because having enough food to maintain such a figure was indicative of wealth. Just like in Victorian England, women of the Tang Dynasty felt that their bodies could give them a source of power in society.

The same societal pressures<\/a> continue to influence modern women. Research demonstrates that people who fit societal beauty standards have clear advantages in life<\/a>. Specifically, they\u2019re more likely to get a job and receive higher pay, and they even have greater chances of success in negotiating loans.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

How does modern culture encourage shame around the body? How does body shaming affect self-esteem? Cultural ideals have pressured women into achieving a certain body type for centuries. The effects of harmful messaging around the body are not so easy to overcome because our culture encourages them. According to Emily Nagoski, the two ways in which this is accomplished are by distorting self-criticism into something positive and convincing women that fat is something to avoid at all costs. Let\u2019s look at the effect of culture on body image.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":56437,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,24],"tags":[548],"class_list":["post-56321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","category-society","tag-come-as-you-are","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Effect of Culture on Body Image - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Despite the harm caused by self-criticism and shame around body image, it\u2019s difficult for women to abandon it as our culture encourages it.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Effect of Culture on Body Image\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Despite the harm caused by self-criticism and shame around body image, it\u2019s difficult for women to abandon it as our culture encourages it.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-12-29T16:31:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-12-30T16:42:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/woman-in-the-mirror-reflection-body-image.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Darya Sinusoid\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Darya Sinusoid\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Darya Sinusoid\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/0421cce75bc249b11e2517b3a91f9c46\"},\"headline\":\"The Effect of Culture on Body Image\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-12-29T16:31:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-12-30T16:42:31+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\"},\"wordCount\":916,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/woman-in-the-mirror-reflection-body-image.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Come as You Are\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Psychology\",\"Society\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/culture-body-image\/\",\"name\":\"The Effect of Culture on Body Image - 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