{"id":50778,"date":"2021-09-30T19:29:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T23:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=50778"},"modified":"2021-10-06T13:39:24","modified_gmt":"2021-10-06T17:39:24","slug":"einstellung-effect","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/einstellung-effect\/","title":{"rendered":"Overcome the Einstellung Effect: 2 Ways to Get Unstuck"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is the Einstellung effect? How does it prevent you from solving problems?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Einstellung effect is when you have such a fixed idea about problems that you can&#8217;t see new solutions. Basically, you default to the same old solutions because you think it&#8217;s the same old problems. Your brain needs a reset so that you can see each problem individually and in fresh ways. The book <em>Think Like a Rocket Scientist<\/em> offers two suggestions to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-get-unstuck\/\">get unstuck<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more to learn about the Einstellung effect and effective problem-solving.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Einstellung Effect<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Varol, turning an impossible dream into an achievable goal is often a matter of reframing the problem. In fact, Varol argues that defining the problem can be even more important than coming up with a solution because it\u2019s so easy for the brain to go into autopilot mode when it comes to solving problems that we\u2019ve faced in the past. We get stuck in our conception of a problem to the point that it prevents us from seeing new solutions. Scientists call this \u201cthe Einstellung effect\u201d (\u201cEinstellung\u201d is German for \u201cset,\u201d as in \u201cset in one\u2019s ways\u201d).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Research shows that the Einstellung effect can set in quickly\u2014even after just five trials of a novel problem. To counter the effect, take frequent breaks when you\u2019re solving a series of similar problems. <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/mind-cafe\/the-einstellung-effect-and-functional-fixedness-two-dangerous-cognitive-biases-and-how-to-31e79e92d1e7\">These breaks serve as \u201cpattern interrupts,\u201d<\/a> which reset your brain and allow you to see each problem with fresh eyes.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Rocket Scientists Solve Problems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Varol, to counter the inertia of familiar solutions and defeat the Einstellung effect, scientists reframe the problem. For example, when the tripod landing gear failed on a previous Mars mission, the Mars Rover team had to come up with a way to avoid the same mistake. The most important step was to reframe the problem: Instead of asking, \u201cHow can we improve the existing landing gear?\u201d they asked, \u201cHow can we safely land a rover on a distant planet?\u201d This reframe led to the development of an innovative airbag system that cushioned the rover as it fell to the Martian surface. (Shortform note: Varol cites this as an example of reframing a problem\u2014however, it\u2019s also an example of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reasoning-from-first-principles\/\">reasoning from first principles<\/a>. Instead of focusing on the specifics of the current solution, the Mars Rover team dug down to the root of the problem: landing an object on another planet without breaking it.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How You Can Solve Problems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are Varol\u2019s suggestions for overcoming the Einstellung effect and reframing problems:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1) Differentiate between strategy and tactics<\/strong>. In Varol\u2019s view, strategy is the <em>what<\/em>; tactics are the <em>how<\/em>. You <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-implement-a-strategy\/\">implement a strategy<\/a> using tactics\u2014but the tactics can change if the need arises. To reframe a problem, try refocusing on the strategy and make sure you\u2019re not getting stuck on an individual tactic. (Shortform note: This distinction between strategy and tactics is similar to the distinction between goals (the long-term <em>what<\/em>) and systems (the short-term <em>how<\/em>) that James Clear describes in <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/atomic-habits\"><em>Atomic Habits<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em> However, Clear disagrees with Varol\u2014he argues that <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/atomic-habits\/chapter-1\">focusing on goals\/strategy can create problems because they are one-time achievements<\/a>, so it\u2019s better to focus on implementing solid systems\/tactics, which will set you up for consistent success.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Varol recommends reexamining your tactics by talking to people who are unfamiliar with your field. They\u2019re not beholden to the tactics, so they\u2019re more likely to see other ways of accomplishing your overall strategy. (Shortform note: In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/dare-to-lead\"><em>Dare to Lead<\/em><\/a>, Bren\u00e9 Brown argues that this is one reason diversity is so crucial in a successful organization. A diverse group brings <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/dare-to-lead\/chapter-1-3\">people with different perspectives together who may be able to spot outdated tactics that you don\u2019t see<\/a>.)&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2) Beware of \u201cfunctional fixedness,\u201d <\/strong>which happens when we fixate on how something (a tool, an object, or a tactic) is \u201csupposed\u201d to be used. For example, if you\u2019re experiencing functional fixedness, you may look at a shoe and see only a protective covering for a foot. On the other hand, if you break out of functional fixedness, you might see that a shoe can also be a tool for hammering a nail or even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=pELPxMOKtew\">opening a bottle of wine<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To combat this, Varol advises focusing on form, not function. By refocusing on what something <em>is<\/em> rather than what it <em>does<\/em>, you can train your brain to see its full potential.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Practice Creative Reframing<\/strong><br><br>Varol doesn\u2019t mention a critical way to boost your ability to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reframing-thoughts\/\">reframe problems<\/a>: Practice coming up with creative ideas. For example, you might try the \u201cIn What Way\u201d exercise, in which you choose two dissimilar objects and try to list as many similarities between them as possible. This encourages you to examine each object\u2019s form and function separately. For example, you might ask, \u201cIn what way is a stapler like a director\u2019s chair?\u201d Answers include: Both contain hinges; both have parts that are made of metal; both could be found on a film set.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Reframing the problem in these two ways can help you overcome the Einstellung effect and get unstuck.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is the Einstellung effect? How does it prevent you from solving problems? The Einstellung effect is when you have such a fixed idea about problems that you can&#8217;t see new solutions. Basically, you default to the same old solutions because you think it&#8217;s the same old problems. Your brain needs a reset so that you can see each problem individually and in fresh ways. The book Think Like a Rocket Scientist offers two suggestions to get unstuck. Read more to learn about the Einstellung effect and effective problem-solving.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":50781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,42,9],"tags":[510],"class_list":["post-50778","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-management","category-motivation","category-psychology","tag-think-like-a-rocket-scientist","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Overcome the Einstellung Effect: 2 Ways to Get Unstuck - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Einstellung effect is when you default to the same old solution, thinking it&#039;s the same old problem. 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