{"id":41383,"date":"2021-06-29T17:16:32","date_gmt":"2021-06-29T21:16:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=41383"},"modified":"2021-07-12T17:26:43","modified_gmt":"2021-07-12T21:26:43","slug":"frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/","title":{"rendered":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Do you want to learn about Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory? What are hygiene factors? How can this theory help you find a fulfilling career? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory points out the difference between factors that cause job satisfaction and factors that cause job dissatisfaction. Understanding how these work independently and how to apply the theory to your own life can help you with career fulfillment. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learn more about Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Frederick Herzberg\u2019s Two-Factor Theory<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Many people think incentives are the key to being satisfied at work, and they opt for jobs on the basis of the incentives they offer. Similarly, companies offer incentives in hopes of getting employees to do what they want them to. Both employees and employers are likely to be disappointed because incentives don\u2019t make people happy in their jobs.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The first step to figuring out what motivates you<\/a> is understanding two theories of motivation: the incentive<\/a> theory and Frederick Herzberg’s two-factor motivation theory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Incentive Theory<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The incentive theory argues that people do what you pay them to do (that is, they do what it’s in their financial interest to do). For example, if you want executives to act in the best interests of shareholders, then align their interests with those of shareholders\u2014for instance, tie executive compensation to stock prices so that execs make more money<\/a> when stock prices go up (making shareholders happy). Executives focus on what their financial incentives tell them to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This theory of aligning interests with incentives has been the rationale for huge executive compensation packages. Managers often adopt the same approach. It\u2019s appealing because it\u2019s simple\u2014you can basically manage people by a formula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Even parents often use incentives in an effort to get the behavior they want from kids\u2014for instance, offering money for good grades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But there\u2019s a flaw in the incentive theory. It can\u2019t explain why people working for nonprofits or serving in the military work hard without incentives or substantial pay. If not money, what motivates them? Another theory explains it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Frederick Herzberg\u2019s Two-Factor Theory<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This theory by Frederick Herzberg argues that certain factors in the workplace cause job dissatisfaction, while other factors cause satisfaction. Understanding the difference between hygiene factors and motivators is key to understanding Frederick Herzberg’s two-factor theory. The two sets of factors work independently of each other. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

What are hygiene factors? <\/strong>: The first set of factors is hygiene factors. These are things that, if not handled properly, will generate dissatisfaction. They include compensation, job security<\/a>, status, work environment, management practices, and company policies. Companies have to address these factors or people will be dissatisfied. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pay is a hygiene factor (not an incentive). It has to be sufficient to prevent dissatisfaction\u2014however, it won\u2019t create satisfaction<\/strong>. Improving hygiene factors removes dissatisfaction, but it doesn\u2019t make people happier or more satisfied. Dissatisfaction and satisfaction are separate measures, rather than existing on a continuum from unhappy to happy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The second set of factors\u2014those that create satisfaction\u2014is motivators<\/strong>: These are things that make people love their jobs, including challenging work, responsibility, learning, the chance to grow, and the chance to make a meaningful contribution. The motivating factors are mostly inherent in the work itself and in the person doing it, rather than external like hygiene factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As you can see, the difference between hygiene factors and motivators is important in understanding this theory.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Shortform note: For more on how motivation works, read our summary of Drive<\/em>, by Daniel H. Pink, here.<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Understanding Career Unhappiness<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In his book, How Will You Measure Your Life<\/a><\/em>, author Clayton Christensen realized that many of his former Harvard Business School classmates had struggled in their personal lives, and often didn\u2019t enjoy their work despite significant professional accomplishments. A few, including Jeffrey Skilling of Enron, ended up on the wrong side of the law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Motivation theory explains why many of Christensen\u2019s classmates were unhappy in their careers\u2014they chose them primarily on hygiene factors like compensation and job security, perhaps for good reasons such as paying off college loans, affording mortgages, and supporting a family.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But they\u2019d gone to business school for reasons driven by motivation factors, not hygiene factors\u2014for example, becoming entrepreneurs or solving social problems. Many people told themselves they\u2019d stay in an unsatisfying job just for a few years until they became established financially. But as their incomes grew and they established commensurate lifestyles, they became dependent on their jobs and began to resent them, knowing they chose the jobs for the wrong reasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Money in itself isn\u2019t to blame for professional dissatisfaction\u2014it\u2019s when people make money their highest priority, and continue to focus on making more money as the only goal after hygiene factors have been met. In some professions\u2014for instance, trading\u2014money is an indicator of success (traders make big money when they\u2019re right). But people are nonetheless unhappy when they don\u2019t have other motivators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Applying the Two-Factor Theory<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Frederick Herzberg’s two-factor motivation theory suggests that when seeking a job or career that will make you happy, you should look beyond whether a job meets basic hygiene factors and ask whether it meets motivational criteria.<\/strong> For instance, ask yourself:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Do I find this work meaningful?<\/li>
  • Will I be able to learn and grow?<\/li>
  • What are the opportunities to achieve and be recognized?<\/li>
  • What kind of responsibility will I have?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    It\u2019s easy to fixate on the perks of success\u2014salary, title, office\u2014thinking they\u2019ll make you happy, especially when friends and family see them as indicators that you\u2019re a success. But focusing on hygiene factors beyond a basic level triggers a never-ending quest for more.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Don\u2019t confuse correlation with causality in considering whether you\u2019ll be happy in a job\u2014hygiene factors such as money may correlate with a job you like, but they\u2019re not what generates happiness; they\u2019re more of a byproduct.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Focus on the factors that make you love coming to work each day<\/strong>\u2014and the hygiene factors, after a certain point, will take care of themselves. When you love coming to work, you have an advantage over people just putting in their time: You\u2019ll be motivated to do your best, and you\u2019ll excel at what you do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    As you can see, Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory can help you to work out whether you are happy in your career. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Do you want to learn about Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory? What are hygiene factors? How can this theory help you find a fulfilling career?  Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory points out the difference between factors that cause job satisfaction and factors that cause job dissatisfaction. Understanding how these work independently and how to apply the theory to your own life can help you with career fulfillment. Learn more about Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two-factor theory below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":7128,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,30],"tags":[411],"class_list":["post-41383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-motivation","category-work","tag-how-will-you-measure-your-life","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"\nFrederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"962\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"575\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elizabeth Shaw\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@rina\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elizabeth Shaw\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elizabeth Shaw\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/df3c3c8448816a34bfdc78d7eda164c4\"},\"headline\":\"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\"},\"wordCount\":1095,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"How Will You Measure Your Life?\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Motivation\",\"Work\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\",\"name\":\"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00\",\"description\":\"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg\",\"width\":962,\"height\":575},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World's Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/df3c3c8448816a34bfdc78d7eda164c4\",\"name\":\"Elizabeth Shaw\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/wordpress-profile-picture.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/wordpress-profile-picture.png\",\"caption\":\"Elizabeth Shaw\"},\"description\":\"Elizabeth graduated from Newcastle University with a degree in English Literature. Growing up, she enjoyed reading fairy tales, Beatrix Potter stories, and The Wind in the Willows. As of today, her all-time favorite book is Wuthering Heights, with Jane Eyre as a close second. Elizabeth has branched out to non-fiction since graduating and particularly enjoys books relating to mindfulness, self-improvement, history, and philosophy.\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/x.com\/rina\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth-shaw\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation - Shortform Books","description":"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation","og_description":"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00","og_image":[{"width":962,"height":575,"url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Elizabeth Shaw","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@rina","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Elizabeth Shaw","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/"},"author":{"name":"Elizabeth Shaw","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/df3c3c8448816a34bfdc78d7eda164c4"},"headline":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation","datePublished":"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00","dateModified":"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/"},"wordCount":1095,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","keywords":["How Will You Measure Your Life?"],"articleSection":["Motivation","Work"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/","name":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","datePublished":"2021-06-29T21:16:32+00:00","dateModified":"2021-07-12T21:26:43+00:00","description":"What is Frederick Herzberg\u2019s two factor theory? Read on to find out how this theory can be applied to your own life and career satisfaction.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","width":962,"height":575},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frederick-herzberg-two-factor-theory\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Frederick Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory for Motivation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World's Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/df3c3c8448816a34bfdc78d7eda164c4","name":"Elizabeth Shaw","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/wordpress-profile-picture.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/wordpress-profile-picture.png","caption":"Elizabeth Shaw"},"description":"Elizabeth graduated from Newcastle University with a degree in English Literature. Growing up, she enjoyed reading fairy tales, Beatrix Potter stories, and The Wind in the Willows. As of today, her all-time favorite book is Wuthering Heights, with Jane Eyre as a close second. Elizabeth has branched out to non-fiction since graduating and particularly enjoys books relating to mindfulness, self-improvement, history, and philosophy.","sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/rina"],"url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth-shaw\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/start-with-why-motivation.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41383"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41878,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41383\/revisions\/41878"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}