{"id":33343,"date":"2021-04-19T09:07:24","date_gmt":"2021-04-19T13:07:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=33343"},"modified":"2021-04-29T21:26:21","modified_gmt":"2021-04-30T01:26:21","slug":"emotional-arousal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/","title":{"rendered":"How Emotional Arousal Derails Decision-Making"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How does emotional arousal effect the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/methods-of-decision-making-crucial-conversations\/\">decision-making<\/a> process? Is it possible to recognize and overcome our heightened feelings?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Emotional arousal occurs when we&#8217;re hungry, afraid, angry, or sexually excited. The decisions we make while in these heightened emotional states are often irrational and not in our best interests. Unfortunately, even if we are fully aware that we&#8217;re in an aroused state, it doesn&#8217;t mean we can control it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep reading to learn more about emotional arousal and decision-making.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Emotional Arousal and Decision-Making<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>We tend to think that we know ourselves well enough to accurately predict decisions that we\u2019ll make\u2014but we almost never take into account that there are <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/two-selves\/\">two selves<\/a> <\/em>driving our decisions. <\/strong>The first self is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/your-genius\/\">who you are<\/a> in a \u201ccool state,\u201d when you\u2019re able to think through your decisions calmly and rationally. The second self is who you are in an \u201caroused state.\u201d During an emotional arousal\u2014such as when you\u2019re hungry, angry, afraid, or sexually excited\u2014you tend to make primal choices that are often neither rational nor in your best interest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Experiment: Emotional Arousal\u2019s Effect on Sex-Based Choices<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Consider a 2-part experiment done at Berkeley that illustrates the discrepancy between how the cool-state mind and the aroused-state mind work. In the first part of the experiment, male students were asked several sets of questions about sex. Their responses were recorded on a scale from 0-100 (0 being definitely no, and 100 being definitely yes).&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The first set of questions focused on activities they might take part in, such as, \u201cWould you be able to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/enjoying-sex\/\">enjoy sex<\/a> with someone you hate?\u201d or, \u201cWould you enjoy sex with a 60-year-old woman?\u201d&nbsp;<\/li><li>The second set of questions focused on the immoral activities they might engage in for sex, such as, \u201cWould you consider drugging a woman to increase the likelihood of having sex with her?\u201d&nbsp;<\/li><li>The third set of questions addressed the likelihood that they\u2019d use birth control\u2014\u201cWould you always use a condom if you didn\u2019t know the sexual history of your partner?\u201d&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>In the second part of the experiment, the same students were asked to masturbate\u2014thereby getting themselves into a state of emotional arousal\u2014and then respond to the same questions. <strong><em>Every single<\/em> <em>participant<\/em> answered the questions differently in their aroused state than they did in their cool state.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Their desire to engage in different sexual activities was 72% higher.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The likelihood that they\u2019d engage in immoral activities for sex was 136% higher.&nbsp;<\/li><li>The chances that they would forego the use of birth control were 25% higher.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Can We Recognize Our Triggers?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Though you may be aware that you have \u201ctwo selves,\u201d it turns out that people are never <em>fully<\/em> aware of the influence that arousal can have. Most people think that, with the knowledge that their aroused self will act irrationally, they can easily train themselves to think clearly and rationally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, <strong>having experience with a particular arousal state doesn\u2019t make you better at understanding or controlling how you\u2019ll act when you\u2019re in that arousal state again. <\/strong>Even if the aroused state is something you feel often, such as hunger or sexual arousal, you\u2019ll almost always assume that the decisions you make when you\u2019re in a calm state will hold in the aroused state\u2014even if you\u2019ve seen, again and again, that this isn\u2019t so.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Imagine that you pick fights with your spouse every time you\u2019re in the aroused state of hunger. Hunger is <em>not<\/em> a new feeling, and you know you always act like this. Each time, you apologize once you\u2019ve had something to eat, vowing to be more patient with him and more aware of your \u201changer.\u201d Your cool-state self decides that next time, you certainly won\u2019t lash out. But of course, the next time you\u2019re starving and he\u2019s clicking his pen too loud or leaves his socks in the middle of the floor, you lose it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How This Knowledge Should Affect Policies<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This insight into the mistake of trusting our aroused-state selves to make the same decisions as our cool-state selves is particularly important to reviewing systems or processes put in place to keep us safe. <strong>Many of these systems rely on cool-state decisions, in aroused-state situations.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, abstinence-only sex education doesn\u2019t work because teenagers agree <em>in a cool state<\/em> that they won\u2019t have sex and they\u2019ll stop things before they go too far. Of course, it\u2019s much harder to keep those promises in an aroused state. A better approach might be <em>abstinence-forward<\/em> sex education which encourages abstinence but <em>also <\/em>encourages having birth control readily available in case the aroused-state self takes over.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Another area with a significant discrepancy between cool-state and aroused-state decisions is when it comes to teenage drivers. Teenage drivers understand the rules of driving, know that it\u2019s dangerous to speed or drive recklessly, and promise their parents that they\u2019ll be safe. However, teenage drivers easily get caught up in the excitement of having friends in the car. This aroused state causes them to start <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/why-do-people-make-bad-decisions\/\">making bad decisions<\/a>, such as speeding or becoming distracted. Rather than simply trusting teenage drivers to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/making-better-decisions-2\/\">make good choices<\/a>, it might be smarter to build systems into cars that can restrict speed, or even automatically send messages to parents.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How does emotional arousal effect the decision-making process? Is it possible to recognize and overcome our heightened feelings? Emotional arousal occurs when we&#8217;re hungry, afraid, angry, or sexually excited. The decisions we make while in these heightened emotional states are often irrational and not in our best interests. Unfortunately, even if we are fully aware that we&#8217;re in an aroused state, it doesn&#8217;t mean we can control it. Keep reading to learn more about emotional arousal and decision-making.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":33370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[42,9],"tags":[270],"class_list":["post-33343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-motivation","category-psychology","tag-predictably-irrational","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How Emotional Arousal Derails Decision-Making - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Emotional arousal occurs when we&#039;re hungry, afraid, angry, or sexually excited. Here&#039;s how it stops us from making good choices.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How Emotional Arousal Derails Decision-Making\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Emotional arousal occurs when we&#039;re hungry, afraid, angry, or sexually excited. Here&#039;s how it stops us from making good choices.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-04-19T13:07:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-04-30T01:26:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/angry-girl-with-plate.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1106\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"713\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Hannah Aster\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Hannah Aster\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Hannah Aster\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/f39f52830e4f7039a16e45d12354542f\"},\"headline\":\"How Emotional Arousal Derails Decision-Making\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-19T13:07:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-30T01:26:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\"},\"wordCount\":909,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/angry-girl-with-plate.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Predictably Irrational\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Motivation\",\"Psychology\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/\",\"name\":\"How Emotional Arousal Derails Decision-Making - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/emotional-arousal\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/angry-girl-with-plate.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-04-19T13:07:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-04-30T01:26:21+00:00\",\"description\":\"Emotional arousal occurs when we're hungry, afraid, angry, or sexually excited. 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