{"id":29329,"date":"2021-03-26T20:03:07","date_gmt":"2021-03-27T00:03:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=29329"},"modified":"2021-03-26T09:10:20","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T13:10:20","slug":"purposeful-practice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/purposeful-practice\/","title":{"rendered":"Purposeful Practice Is More Than Just Repetition"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

What is purposeful practice? How can it help you break through your natural limits? Why is the phrase, “practice makes perfect” incorrect?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Purposeful <\/em>practice has four distinct components that distinguish it from merely repetitive practice: it has well-defined, specific goals, it demands complete focus, it involves feedback, and it requires you to push beyond your comfort zone. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Continue on to learn more about purposeful practice and how you can improve how you practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

What Is Purposeful Practice?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

We are in awe of the world\u2019s peak performers in music, athletics, and countless other fields. People like tennis star Roger Federer, Olympic vaulter McKayla Maroney, or history\u2019s brilliant composers like Beethoven, Chopin, and Rachmaninoff seem to us to be otherworldly figures, overflowing with an almost divine talent. Surely these individuals must be in possession of some rare gift, some innate spark that the rest of us simply don\u2019t have.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But that isn\u2019t the case at all. How did these people become so good at what they do? The answer may seem banal, but it\u2019s true: they practiced.<\/strong> They practiced the right way, they practiced with the right people<\/a>, and they practiced a lot<\/em>. Moreover, across all these fields, the principles of effective practice<\/a> are the same, because they involve the same mental processes. The specific techniques may differ, but the basic process of challenge and improvement is the same: ballerinas and laparoscopic surgeons both become great<\/a> using the same basic process. And because we can look to the great achievers of the past and present and study their success, we have a blueprint: we, too, can achieve new heights of performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Does Practice Really Make Perfect?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

We\u2019ve all heard the phrase \u201cpractice makes perfect.\u201d The more you work at something, the better you\u2019ll get at it. But is this true of all <\/em>kinds of practice? Will mere repetition of the same task over and over again really improve your abilities? Or is there a certain kind <\/em>of practice that truly challenges you to reach greater and greater heights of achievement, one that unlocks your true potential? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most of us think of \u201cpractice\u201d as the simple repetition of a task<\/strong>. And, to be sure, this kind of practice will yield some results. If you\u2019re learning how to play tennis, for example, you\u2019ll probably be able to iron out your most embarrassing mistakes and figure out how to serve the ball somewhat competently. You can go out and play tennis with your friends and be able to hold your own (or at least not embarrass yourself). But still, some weaknesses in your tennis skills<\/a> persist and certain elements of the game elude you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For most people in most fields, this level of performance is good enough. They don\u2019t push themselves to achieve beyond this point. They have a general idea of what they want to achieve, practice until they reach an acceptable level, and consider themselves to have \u201clearned\u201d it. But this approach actually stunts your learning. Once you reach your accepted level of performance, you\u2019ll plateau and stop improving. Without changing your practice routine, you\u2019ll never improve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Crucially, it\u2019s not <\/em>about mere repetition or devoting more time to the task. Once you\u2019ve reached your accepted level of performance, additional years of merely repetitive practice don\u2019t help<\/strong>. An average driver who\u2019s been driving for five years is no better than her counterpart who has 20 years of driving experience. At this point, you receive diminishing returns<\/a> on your practice. To truly improve, you need to change how <\/em>you practice. It\u2019s not just about practice: it\u2019s about purposeful <\/em>practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Breaking Through Your \u201cNatural\u201d Limits<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Purposeful <\/em>practice has four distinct components that distinguish it from merely repetitive practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Purposeful practice has well-defined, specific goals<\/strong>. If you\u2019re learning to play a piece of music, your practice regimen shouldn\u2019t be \u201cI\u2019ll just play for an hour every day.\u201d It should be, \u201cI\u2019ll play the piece until I can do it without any mistakes three times in a row.\u201d The key to purposeful practice is putting a series of small steps together as you work toward a longer-term, specific goal. Each subsequent step challenges you just a bit more than the previous one. <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    1. Purposeful practice demands complete focus<\/strong>. You need to give the task at hand your full attention and keep your mind squarely on the thing you\u2019re trying to achieve. If your practice routine is filled with distractions, if you\u2019re procrastinating, or if you are doing it in a location where you\u2019re not going to be able to focus, you\u2019re unlikely to be successful. People\u2019s ideal conditions for focus and attention vary (some people need music to study, for example, while others require absolute silence). But however you do it, you need to keep your mind squarely on the thing you\u2019re trying to achieve.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      1. Purposeful practice involves feedback<\/strong>. You need someone who can guide you, praise you when you do something right, tell you precisely how <\/em>you\u2019re falling short\u2014and how you can improve. This way, you can check your progress: you always know exactly where you stand in the learning process. If you\u2019re falling short, you need someone who can tell you precisely how <\/em>you\u2019re falling short\u2014and how you can improve. But you also need meaningful positive <\/em>feedback as well. Indeed, positive feedback is critical for maintaining the kind of motivation and discipline required for purposeful practice, which is often tedious, long, and unpleasant.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n
        1. Purposeful practice requires you to step out of your comfort zone<\/a><\/strong>. You\u2019re never going to improve if you only do the things that are already easy for you. Once you\u2019ve gotten comfortable, it\u2019s time to challenge yourself further. The quality <\/em>of practice matters<\/a> much more than the quantity. For example, research has shown that doctors who have been practicing for 30 years actually do worse <\/em>on certain measures of performance than their colleagues who are only a few years out of medical school. This is because the senior doctors aren\u2019t engaging in purposeful practice. Most of their day-to-day activities keep them squarely in their comfort zone: they aren\u2019t being challenged at all.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          The effects of purposeful practice can be nothing short of remarkable. Evidence shows that the actual structure and function of the human brain change in response to the right type of mental training<\/strong>, just as muscles change and grow in response to physical exercise. MRIs show that the brains of people with particular skills look very different from those of people without <\/em>those skills. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          One experiment at the University of Alabama showed that the region of the brain<\/a> controlling the left hand was significantly larger in violin, cello, and guitar players (for whom control of the fingers on the left hand is vitally important) than it was in non-musicians. In fact, the string players\u2019 brains had adapted to the years of purposeful practice by converting a portion of the brain normally reserved for controlling the palm into one solely dedicated to the left fingers.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          What is purposeful practice? How can it help you break through your natural limits? Why is the phrase, “practice makes perfect” incorrect? Purposeful practice has four distinct components that distinguish it from merely repetitive practice: it has well-defined, specific goals, it demands complete focus, it involves feedback, and it requires you to push beyond your comfort zone. Continue on to learn more about purposeful practice and how you can improve how you practice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":29332,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,43],"tags":[237],"class_list":["post-29329","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","category-self-improvement","tag-peak","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"\nPurposeful Practice Is More Than Just Repetition - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Purposeful practice is different from repetitive practice. 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