{"id":16725,"date":"2020-10-25T23:59:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-26T03:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=16725"},"modified":"2020-11-08T22:29:18","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T02:29:18","slug":"value-networks-innovators-dilemma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/","title":{"rendered":"Value Networks: How Much Are Your Parts Worth?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is a value network? What is the significance of value networks for innovation?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Value networks are the sum of producers and markets for the components of a product. They represent the value of each piece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more about value networks and understand what a value network means for innovation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Explaining Failure in the Face of Innovation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to explain why dominant companies often fail in the face of technological change, most experts offer two theories:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>The Organizational Structure Framework:<\/strong> Companies\u2019 organizations, managements, or cultures can\u2019t adapt to radical innovations that require different communication patterns and workflows.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>The Capabilities Viewpoint:<\/strong> Companies develop certain skills and knowledge from producing their existing products, and they stumble when a radically new technology requires a different set of skills and knowledge.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Although these theories help explain many firms\u2019 failures, they don\u2019t address what happened in the disk drive industry, where established firms adopted radically new technologies for various <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/sustaining-innovations\/\">sustaining innovations<\/a>, but they failed when faced with relatively simple innovations like the 8-inch drive. As we saw in Chapter 1, a major factor determining whether a company adapted to disruptive technologies was whether its customers were interested in the new technology.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A third theory\u2014the theory of value networks\u2014explains how <strong>customer input is part of a larger system that determines how companies respond to customer input, set and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/pursue-your-goals\/\">pursue goals<\/a>, and react to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/industry-change\/\">industry changes<\/a>, such as disruptive innovations.<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Value Networks<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>What is a value network? Just about every product requires specific component parts\u2014for example, a mainframe computer needs circuit boards, a central processing unit, and disk drives, among other things. Component parts, then, require their own component parts: Disk drives need disks, a motor, and a spindle. While some companies produce their own component parts, most buy them from various <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/bargaining-power-of-suppliers-understanding-michael-porter\/\">suppliers<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This creates a nested network of producers and markets. So, what is a value network? <strong>Each nested network represents a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/unique-value-understanding-michael-porter\/\">unique value<\/a> network, because the chain of supply and the products being manufactured determine each component\u2019s value.<\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two metrics that factor into a product\u2019s value in the value networks. Let\u2019s look at them in terms of a disk drive in a network producing laptops versus a network producing mainframes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Performance attributes<\/strong>: These are the traits that customers value in a product. For laptop manufacturers, the most valued attributes for disk drives are small size, durability, and low power needs. By contrast, mainframe makers value speed, megabyte capacity, and reliability.&nbsp;<\/li><li><strong>Cost structure:<\/strong> This is determined by a product\u2019s overhead costs, production volume, and price point, and it dictates the gross profit margins manufacturers need to meet. Laptops entail high production volume in low-cost factory settings and distribution to retailers, thus laptop makers need only 15-20 percent gross profit margins to cover overhead. By contrast, mainframes require low-volume, custom manufacturing; direct sales, requiring a sales team; and ongoing tech support for customers, which means mainframe makers need 50-60 percent gross profit margins to cover overhead.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Value networks provide the context for an organization\u2019s decisions and actions, including how it approaches innovations.<\/strong> If an innovation affects a product\u2019s attributes or cost in a way that is highly valued within the value network, then the company is more inclined to pursue it.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The value networks framework illustrates why established firms are reluctant to allocate limited resources\u2014including time, money, and personnel\u2014to disruptive innovations, which have low value in both metrics<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Disruptive innovations don\u2019t have attributes that appeal to existing customers in the value networks.&nbsp;<\/li><li>Disruptive innovations promise low profits because they are initially marketable only to small, emerging markets.<\/li><\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a value network? What is the significance of value networks for innovation? Value networks are the sum of producers and markets for the components of a product. They represent the value of each piece. Read more about value networks and understand what a value network means for innovation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,81,31],"tags":[141],"class_list":["post-16725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-economics","category-money","tag-the-innovators-dilemma","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Value Networks: How Much Are Your Parts Worth? - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is a value network? It explains what each component is worth by looking at all the producers and markets, making value networks.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Value Networks: How Much Are Your Parts Worth?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is a value network? It explains what each component is worth by looking at all the producers and markets, making value networks.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-10-26T03:59:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-11-09T02:29:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/tipping-point-network.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"765\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"514\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rina Shah\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d07435826f13a8f422d5d333dceac287\"},\"headline\":\"Value Networks: How Much Are Your Parts Worth?\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-10-26T03:59:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-11-09T02:29:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\"},\"wordCount\":624,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/tipping-point-network.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"The Innovator's Dilemma\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Business\",\"Economics\",\"Money\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/\",\"name\":\"Value Networks: How Much Are Your Parts Worth? - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/value-networks-innovators-dilemma\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/tipping-point-network.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-10-26T03:59:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-11-09T02:29:18+00:00\",\"description\":\"What is a value network? 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