{"id":16498,"date":"2020-10-31T10:51:28","date_gmt":"2020-10-31T14:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=16498"},"modified":"2020-10-31T23:29:58","modified_gmt":"2020-11-01T03:29:58","slug":"policy-resistance","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/policy-resistance\/","title":{"rendered":"Policy Resistance: One Reason Why Systems Fail"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What is policy resistance and why does it happen? What happens when a system experiences policy resistance?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Policy resistance is a failure of policies to achieve the desired outcome. Policy resistance occurs when a system fails. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more about policy resistance below. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Policy Resistance<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Policy resistance is the failure of policies to achieve the desired outcome. It occurs when the actors resist the policies placed on them. The situation seems to be stubbornly stuck, regardless of what policies are passed to solve the problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From a system point of view, policy resistance occurs because the actors in the system have personal goals that differ from the policy. Visualize it as multiple actors pulling the system stock toward opposing goals. Each actor has a desired setpoint for the stock, and the actor takes action when the stock differs from its personal goal. However, each actor has a different setpoint, so all the actors are trying to pull the stock in different directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, like typical balancing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/feedback-loop-meaning\/\">feedback loops<\/a>, each actor\u2019s behavior is proportional to how far the stock is from the actor\u2019s setpoint. The stronger one actor pulls the stock to its favored direction, the stronger the other actors try to pull back to the center. You might think of this like a game of tug of war.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The system state thus is pulled tightly in multiple directions by all the actors. But since the system stock isn\u2019t at any one actor\u2019s preferred setpoint, everyone is dissatisfied with the situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Examples of Policy Resistance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some examples of policy resistance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The War on Drugs<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The war on drugs has multiple actors with different setpoints for the system stock of drug supply:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Drug addicts want the drug supply high.<\/li><li>Police want the drug supply low.<\/li><li>Drug <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/bargaining-power-of-suppliers-understanding-michael-porter\/\">suppliers<\/a> want the drug supply in the middle to stabilize prices.<\/li><li>Most citizens who don\u2019t use drugs just want to be safe and may not care about drug supply.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>When one actor gains an advantage, the other actors pull the system back to where it was. For example, the police might increase border patrols to seize stockpiles of drugs. A number of events happen in sequence:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The lower supply raises prices.<\/li><li>Higher prices mean more profits for drug suppliers.<\/li><li>The suppliers use the profits to buy planes to evade border patrols.<\/li><li>The supply increases, drug prices lower, and drug use continues unabated.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus the setpoint is back to where it began, though now with actors pulling more tightly than before. Issuing additional policies will do little to change the situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Romania\u2019s Abortion Problem<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 1960s, the Romanian government, headed by dictator Nicolae Ceausescu, was worried about the country\u2019s low birth rate, which would stagnate the economy. They decided to outlaw abortion and contraception for women under 45. However, the real underlying problem of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/low-birth-rates\/\">low birth rates<\/a> was that parents were too poor to raise more children, and they didn\u2019t want more children to be born.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After abortion was outlawed, the birth rate tripled for a period of time, but then the population practiced policy resistance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Mothers began getting illegal abortions, which were dangerous and tripled deaths of pregnant women.<\/li><li>Children that were born were abandoned.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The policy was so extreme that when the dictator\u2019s government was overthrown, the head family was executed, and the first law passed was to reverse the ban on abortion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fixing Policy Resistance<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Much of the reason that policy resistance occurs is that people are resisting the policy. Stronger policies cause stronger counterreactions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The solution is counter-intuitive: give up. Cancel the policy.<\/strong> Things won\u2019t get as bad as you think, because other actors behaved intensely only because you did.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>For example, when alcohol Prohibition in the United States ended in the 1930s, much of the violence and crime also ended.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The ideal solution is to <strong>develop a policy that aligns all actors\u2019 goals and find a way to satisfy everyone<\/strong>. This stops the actors from pulling against each other and more toward the same goal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>For example, like Romania, Sweden wanted to increase its population\u2019s birth rate in the 1930s. But instead of outlawing abortion, they focused on the larger system goal of having children who were wanted and would be cared for. They made contraception widely available, improved health care, and made divorce easier. This aligned the population and government harmoniously in the same direction.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is policy resistance and why does it happen? What happens when a system experiences policy resistance? Policy resistance is a failure of policies to achieve the desired outcome. Policy resistance occurs when a system fails. Read more about policy resistance below.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16505,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[34,14,24],"tags":[139],"class_list":["post-16498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communication","category-management","category-society","tag-thinking-in-systems","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Policy Resistance: One Reason Why Systems Fail - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is policy resistance? When systems fail, it can sometimes be due to policy resistance. 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