{"id":140787,"date":"2025-02-02T12:37:43","date_gmt":"2025-02-02T16:37:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=140787"},"modified":"2025-02-10T13:02:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-10T17:02:00","slug":"invest-in-research-and-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/invest-in-research-and-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Invest in Research and Development but Avoid These 2 Practices"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Is research and development important for every business? How much should you spend on these ventures?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To create products and services that fulfill future demand, companies must continuously innovate. Therefore, Stephen Denning argues in <em>The Age of Agile<\/em>, companies must invest heavily in building capacity for research, development, and production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s more on why every company should invest in research and development that&#8217;s beneficial to their strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-invest-in-capacity-and-innovation\"><strong>Invest in Capacity and Innovation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Denning calls for companies to invest in their staff of engineers and developers and to retain expertise.\u00a0 He explains that many companies fail to invest in developing their innovative capacity because they prioritize shareholder value instead. As a result, they pursue short-term gains at the expense of long-term, capacity-building investments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>How Much Should Companies Spend on Research and Development?<\/strong><br><br>One challenge of investing in research and development is determining how much to spend. Since your firm may not see any returns on these investments for years to come, it&#8217;s difficult to know if you&#8217;re spending the right amount. However, understanding <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ringstonetech.com\/post\/is-your-r-d-spend-healthy\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">typical research and development (R&amp;D) spending in your industry<\/a> can give you a useful point of comparison.&nbsp;<br><br>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.strategyand.pwc.com\/gx\/en\/insights\/innovation1000.html?utm_source=VanityURL&amp;utm_content=innovation1000&amp;utm_medium=redirect&amp;utm_campaign=inov1000#VisualTabs1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2018 study<\/a> of the world&#8217;s 1,000 largest publicly listed companies found the following median R&amp;D expenditures (expressed as percentages of revenue):&nbsp;<br><br>Software: 19.35%<br>Semiconductors: 14.5%<br>Pharmaceuticals: 13.3%<br>Internet Retail: 10.95%<br>Hospitality: 8.7%<br>Electronic Equipment: 7.4%<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Denning critiques two investor-centric practices in particular: stock buybacks and outsourcing. Let\u2019s explore each practice and their drawbacks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-stock-buybacks-are-detrimental\">Why Stock Buybacks Are Detrimental<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Denning explains that <strong>the pursuit of investor returns often leads firms to buy back their own stock. <\/strong>This pleases shareholders because it artificially inflates their stock prices by reducing the number of shares available, which boosts earnings per share. However, Denning argues that this practice only diverts company assets from growth and innovation, weakening the company in the long term. As a result, the firm\u2019s capacity to create <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/real-value-paper-value-technological-revolutions\/\">real value<\/a> diminishes, leading to a negative and self-reinforcing cycle where more buybacks are needed to maintain stock prices, further eroding the company&#8217;s future prospects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: While many agree with Denning&#8217;s position, <a href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2017\/09\/the-case-for-stock-buybacks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">defenders of stock buybacks argue that they&#8217;re not as detrimental to a company as sometimes portrayed<\/a>. They contend that companies mainly buy back stock when they have <em>excess<\/em> capital but have exhausted other <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/best-investment-opportunities\/\">investment opportunities<\/a>. In other words, stock buybacks don\u2019t interfere with investment in growth and innovation. Furthermore, defenders argue that stock buybacks allow capital to be allocated more efficiently throughout the economy. If shareholders are willing to sell their shares back to the company, it probably means that they\u2019re planning on moving their money to better investment opportunities, redirecting capital where it would be most impactful.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-outsourcing-is-detrimental\">Why Outsourcing Is Detrimental<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore, Denning argues that <strong>the pursuit of investor return often encourages companies to focus narrowly on cutting costs to widen profit margins. <\/strong>Like shareholder buybacks, this practice prioritizes short-term gains at the expense of long-term sustainability.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is particularly evident in the case of <em>outsourcing<\/em>, where companies delegate parts of their business to another firm, often in countries where the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-cost-of-labor\/\">cost of labor<\/a> is cheaper. Denning argues that outsourcing can lead to an irreversible loss of knowledge and capability\u2014<strong>companies can only innovate processes that they themselves participate in or have direct knowledge of<\/strong>. Once those processes have been taken over by other firms, the company is no longer aware of what goes on behind the scenes. This undermines their ability to improve on those processes, their products, or their services through innovation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: It\u2019s worth noting that there are potential benefits to outsourcing. First, companies can <a href=\"https:\/\/smartasset.com\/career\/the-pros-and-cons-of-outsourcing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">free up time and money for more important projects<\/a> by outsourcing functions that other firms do more cheaply. This could allow them to invest even more in the functions that are most important to their business. Furthermore, <a href=\"https:\/\/csvnow.com\/blog\/exploring-the-pros-and-cons-of-offshoring-jobs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">offshoring jobs to another country<\/a> gives companies access to a global talent pool, brings jobs to developing countries, and can even strengthen international ties between nations.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Is research and development important for every business? How much should you spend on these ventures? To create products and services that fulfill future demand, companies must continuously innovate. Therefore, Stephen Denning argues in The Age of Agile, companies must invest heavily in building capacity for research, development, and production. Here&#8217;s more on why every company should invest in research and development that&#8217;s beneficial to their strategy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":141042,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,14,30],"tags":[1735],"class_list":["post-140787","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-management","category-work","tag-the-age-of-agile","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Invest in Research and Development but Avoid These 2 Practices - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"No matter the product, every company should invest in research and development to improve. 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