{"id":129563,"date":"2024-09-09T11:45:43","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T15:45:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=129563"},"modified":"2024-09-16T11:46:52","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T15:46:52","slug":"counterfactual-reasoning","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/","title":{"rendered":"Counterfactual Reasoning &#038; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Do you ever think about what could have been? How can answering that question help you <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/make-better-decisions\/\">make better decisions<\/a>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In his book <em>Doing Good Better<\/em>, William MacAskill presents the concept of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-are-counterfactuals\/\">counterfactual<\/a> reasoning as a tool for effective altruism. He explains how this approach can help you evaluate the real-world impact of your charitable choices and career decisions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more to discover a more strategic approach to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-make-a-difference-in-the-world\/\">making a difference in the world<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-assess-the-counterfactual\">Assess the Counterfactual<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MacAskill argues that <strong>effective altruism requires <em>assessing the counterfactual<\/em><\/strong>\u2014that is, determining what would have happened if we had taken a different course of action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Counterfactual reasoning is pervasive in MacAskill\u2019s academic discipline of philosophy, as philosophers use it to think about <em>modal truths<\/em>\u2014truths about what <a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/counterfactuals\/conditionals.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>could have been the case<\/em><\/a>, in another possible world. For example, philosophers might reason counterfactually about whether it could have been true that 2+2=5, or whether it could have been true that nothing existed at all.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Counterfactual reasoning is common in everyday life, writes MacAskill. For example, if you spent $40 getting drinks with friends, you might reason that you could\u2019ve instead put that money toward a monthly gym membership. Likewise, in the context of effective altruism, you might reason that if you hadn\u2019t given your money to charity A, you could have instead given it to charity B, or if you hadn\u2019t volunteered at organization X, you could have instead volunteered at organization Y.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The upshot is that <strong>you should perform the action that maximizes your benefit <\/strong><strong><em>relative to the counterfactual<\/em><\/strong>. For example, imagine that you\u2019ve decided to become a doctor out of a desire to help needy patients. Although this might <em>seem <\/em>like an effective way to help others, MacAskill points out that it\u2019s actually not especially effective, because if you <em>hadn\u2019t <\/em>become a doctor, someone else would have simply taken your place. In other words, you aren\u2019t treating patients who otherwise would receive no treatment; you\u2019re treating patients who would have otherwise received treatment from <em>someone else<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By contrast, if you became a doctor to donate most of your salary to charity, that would fare better under the counterfactual test\u2014after all, the other person who <em>would\u2019ve <\/em>gotten your job as a doctor likely wouldn\u2019t have donated as much.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Effective altruists clarify that, for the same reason becoming a doctor to help others fails the counterfactual test, <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/career-guide\/high-impact-jobs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">other helping professions typically fail it as well<\/a>. For example, you might think that becoming a teacher in a low-income area will allow you to do good for others. But if you <em>hadn\u2019t <\/em>become a teacher, someone else would have instead of you, so becoming a teacher probably doesn\u2019t pass the counterfactual test.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do you ever think about what could have been? How can answering that question help you make better decisions? In his book Doing Good Better, William MacAskill presents the concept of counterfactual reasoning as a tool for effective altruism. He explains how this approach can help you evaluate the real-world impact of your charitable choices and career decisions. Read more to discover a more strategic approach to making a difference in the world.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":129571,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,43],"tags":[1581],"class_list":["post-129563","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy","category-self-improvement","tag-doing-good-better","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Counterfactual Reasoning &amp; Effective Altruism (MacAskill) - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Counterfactual Reasoning &amp; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\"},\"headline\":\"Counterfactual Reasoning &#038; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\"},\"wordCount\":469,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Doing Good Better\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Philosophy\",\"Self-Improvement\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\",\"name\":\"Counterfactual Reasoning & Effective Altruism (MacAskill) - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00\",\"description\":\"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":675,\"caption\":\"A man standing at a crossroads with signs that point in various directions illustrates counterfactual reasoning\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Counterfactual Reasoning &#038; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\",\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\"},\"description\":\"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.\",\"sameAs\":[\"rina@shortform.com\"],\"award\":[\"Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)\",\"Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)\",\"Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)\",\"Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"History\",\"Theology\",\"Government\"],\"jobTitle\":\"Senior SEO Writer\",\"worksFor\":\"Shortform\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Counterfactual Reasoning & Effective Altruism (MacAskill) - Shortform Books","description":"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Counterfactual Reasoning & Effective Altruism (MacAskill)","og_description":"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Elizabeth Whitworth","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Elizabeth Whitworth","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/"},"author":{"name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13"},"headline":"Counterfactual Reasoning &#038; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)","datePublished":"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/"},"wordCount":469,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","keywords":["Doing Good Better"],"articleSection":["Philosophy","Self-Improvement"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/","name":"Counterfactual Reasoning & Effective Altruism (MacAskill) - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","datePublished":"2024-09-09T15:45:43+00:00","dateModified":"2024-09-16T15:46:52+00:00","description":"Philosopher William MacAskill says counterfactual reasoning is a tool for effective altruism. Learn the power of asking what could have been.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","width":1200,"height":675,"caption":"A man standing at a crossroads with signs that point in various directions illustrates counterfactual reasoning"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/counterfactual-reasoning\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Counterfactual Reasoning &#038; Effective Altruism (MacAskill)"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13","name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Elizabeth Whitworth"},"description":"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.","sameAs":["rina@shortform.com"],"award":["Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)","Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)","Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)","Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)"],"knowsAbout":["History","Theology","Government"],"jobTitle":"Senior SEO Writer","worksFor":"Shortform","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/boy-standing-at-crossroads-in-the-mountains.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=129563"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129570,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/129563\/revisions\/129570"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/129571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=129563"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=129563"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=129563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}