{"id":128424,"date":"2024-08-06T09:56:49","date_gmt":"2024-08-06T13:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=128424"},"modified":"2024-08-13T10:17:33","modified_gmt":"2024-08-13T14:17:33","slug":"group-consensus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/group-consensus\/","title":{"rendered":"Group Consensus &#038; the Social Pressure to Believe (Even Wrongly)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How does social pressure influence our beliefs and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/methods-of-decision-making-crucial-conversations\/\">decision-making<\/a>? Can large groups of people all be wrong together?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In her book <em>Being Wrong<\/em>, Kathryn Schulz explores the concept of group consensus and its impact on our thinking. She discusses the challenges of independent thought and the power that social influence wields over what we believe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read on to discover how group dynamics shape our beliefs and why thinking for ourselves might be harder than we imagined.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-group-consensus\">Group Consensus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Being wrong doesn\u2019t happen only on an individual level. We don\u2019t form our beliefs on our own, and history has shown that large groups of people can all be wrong at once. Try as you might, there\u2019s no way to avoid <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/beliefs-about-learning\/\">learning beliefs<\/a> and behaviors from the people around you, and, when you\u2019re firmly embedded in a group, any fallacies in the thinking of that group are only reinforced by the strength of group identity. In other words, group consensus can lead you astray.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThink for yourself\u201d is common advice, but unfortunately, you can\u2019t do it. We all rely on other people\u2019s knowledge\u2014there\u2019s too much in the world to learn on our own. The problem is telling whether or not someone else\u2019s beliefs are worth sharing. Schulz argues that we generally don\u2019t judge someone else\u2019s beliefs on the merit of their ideas. Instead, <strong>we first decide if someone else is trustworthy\u2014if they are, we accept their beliefs.<\/strong> This is a time-saving shortcut that lets us learn from teachers and parents, determine which news articles to read, and decide which opinion podcasts to listen to. However, this shortcut opens up a world of error because it multiplies our own faulty judgment by that of many others. Mistakes spread like a plague.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: The power of groups to propagate mistakes is so strong that in <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-design-of-everyday-things\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The Design of Everyday Things<\/em><\/a>, psychologist Don Norman argues that systems which rely on human judgment must factor <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-design-of-everyday-things\/chapter-5#the-social-context-of-error\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">social pressures that magnify human error<\/a> into their design. He writes that it\u2019s not enough\u2014or even productive\u2014to assign individual blame if some facet of a system or an organization is the root cause of the errors its members make. Norman\u2019s solution is to engineer a system with <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/the-design-of-everyday-things\/chapter-5#how-can-designers-minimize-errors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the assumption that people will be wrong and make mistakes<\/a> so that those errors can be detected before they spread. Unfortunately, the social systems Schulz describes aren\u2019t engineered but grow organically, making them vulnerable to faulty human nature.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Schulz says that, in years past, we formed many of our beliefs based on the groups we were raised in, but, <strong>in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/information-age\/\">Information Age<\/a>, we seek out and form groups based on shared beliefs.<\/strong> Group consensus is a powerful drug, and in a group based on common ideas, belief in those ideas is self-reinforcing, while any evidence against them is ignored by the strength of the group\u2019s willful blindness. For instance, consider how strongly groups of music fans react to criticism of the artists they enjoy, even when those artists\u2019 work is in decline.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When social status and group membership are defined by your agreement with certain beliefs, then any dissent is an attack on the group and can be punished by shunning, expulsion, or worse. Human beings are social animals, and it\u2019s easier to go along with questionable ideas than lose your group status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Research into the behavior of online groups has shown that <a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.haas.berkeley.edu\/research\/the-power-of-groupthink-study-shows-how-easy-it-is-to-influence-social-networks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the strength of group consensus is directly proportional to the group\u2019s size<\/a>. Potentially more problematic is how the same studies show that group consensus can easily be swayed by artificial \u201cbots\u201d that pretend to voice opinions as group members. When enough of these bots are in agreement with each other, the opinions of the entire online group can shift, showing how easily large social networks can be misled by a handful of bad actors leveraging modern information technology.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How does social pressure influence our beliefs and decision-making? Can large groups of people all be wrong together? In her book Being Wrong, Kathryn Schulz explores the concept of group consensus and its impact on our thinking. She discusses the challenges of independent thought and the power that social influence wields over what we believe. Read on to discover how group dynamics shape our beliefs and why thinking for ourselves might be harder than we imagined.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":128431,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,24],"tags":[1568],"class_list":["post-128424","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","category-society","tag-being-wrong","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Group Consensus &amp; the Social Pressure to Believe (Even Wrongly) - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Group consensus influences people&#039;s beliefs. 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