{"id":123443,"date":"2024-02-21T16:20:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T20:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=123443"},"modified":"2024-02-22T16:23:31","modified_gmt":"2024-02-22T20:23:31","slug":"psychology-of-religion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/psychology-of-religion\/","title":{"rendered":"The Psychology of Religion: Is It Helpful or Harmful?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Does religion actually make people happier? What are the drawbacks of religion? What effects do rituals have on people?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Religious and spiritual practices are often credited with making people happier and healthier. But research suggests that religious practices have some potential drawbacks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Continue reading to learn the psychology of religion, backed by research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-religious-or-spiritual-practices-affect-people\"><strong>How Religious or Spiritual Practices Affect People<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Studies on the psychology of religion have repeatedly found that people who belong to a religious group or who cultivate spiritual practices are <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/collection\/guide-to-happiness\/4856978\/spirituality-religion-happiness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">happier and healthier<\/a> than those who don&#8217;t. They tend to have lower rates of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/low-mood-and-anxiety\/\">depression and anxiety<\/a>, better resilience against stress, higher <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/religion\/2019\/01\/31\/religions-relationship-to-happiness-civic-engagement-and-health-around-the-world\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">civic engagement<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/religion-improves-health-2224007\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">healthier habits<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/is-religion-good-for-your-health-921814a7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">longer lifespans<\/a>. Researchers are increasingly interested in exactly how religious practices and beliefs lead to healthier, happier, and more social lives.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-does-religion-improve-well-being\"><strong>Does Religion Improve Well-Being?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Many people define &#8220;religion&#8221; and &#8220;spirituality&#8221; differently, but overall, experts say that <em>religion<\/em> consists of rules and rituals that are organized around a group&#8217;s beliefs, while <em>spirituality<\/em> is a more individual <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/frankl-mans-search-for-meaning\/\">search for meaning<\/a> and purpose. Both approaches bring benefits, and though researchers haven&#8217;t yet mapped out the exact mechanisms behind the phenomena, they\u2019ve developed a few hypotheses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>They note, to start, that congregations or communities where people practice their spiritual beliefs can become a source of social connection, which boosts <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/happiness-and-wellness\/\">happiness and well-being<\/a>. <\/li><li>Organized religions tend to discourage unhealthy lifestyle choices, like drinking alcohol or smoking.<\/li><li>Experts also note that people who actively practice their religious and spiritual beliefs can manage stress better, possibly because these beliefs lead people to <a href=\"https:\/\/bigthink.com\/thinking\/religion-makes-you-happier\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">find greater meaning<\/a> in their experiences.<\/li><li>Studies have found that people who attend church regularly have fewer biomarkers of stress and that <a href=\"https:\/\/psychcentral.com\/stress\/spirituality-and-stress-relief#spirituality-and-stress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">social workers who practice spirituality<\/a> suffer from less post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).&nbsp;<\/li><li>Observers theorize that spiritual beliefs that focus on forgiveness can especially help protect people against the effects of stress, as it can encourage people to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/practice-forgiveness\/\">let go of anger<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-effects-of-rituals\"><strong>The Effects of Rituals<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Research suggests the rituals associated with religious practices may be an important factor in helping people manage stress because they <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nami.org\/Blogs\/NAMI-Blog\/December-2016\/The-Mental-Health-Benefits-of-Religion-Spiritual\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">provide structure<\/a> to cope with difficult experiences, like the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/death-of-a-loved-one\/\">death of a loved one<\/a>. Experts say that rituals <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/future\/article\/20210914-how-rituals-help-us-to-deal-with-uncertainty-and-stress\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">play a powerful role<\/a> in helping us find meaning and order in our lives. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some researchers even contend that it&#8217;s not so much having religious beliefs but <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/does-religion-make-people-more-ethical-11650468288\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">putting them into practice<\/a> that links religion to better longevity, health, and happiness. They argue that rituals act as reminders of beliefs, thus strengthening them and influencing what people think about and how they feel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>How Might Religion Harm Well-Being?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research suggests that religious practices have some potential drawbacks. For example, some people develop the tendency to engage in \u201cspiritual bypassing\u201d: using spiritual beliefs to avoid <a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellmind.com\/what-is-spiritual-bypassing-5081640\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">complex emotions or conflicts<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, being part of some religious communities seems to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0167268111001223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reduce social trust<\/a>. Some experts say placing too much emphasis on building bonds within a religious group hurts people\u2019s ability to trust or feel solidarity with people outside that community.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some researchers argue that <a href=\"https:\/\/greatergood.berkeley.edu\/article\/item\/how_does_religion_affect_happiness_around_the_world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">economic conditions<\/a> contribute to the prevalence of religious belief: They\u2019ve observed that the relationship between religious beliefs and greater well-being seems strongest among people who live under challenging conditions such as <a href=\"https:\/\/time.com\/collection\/guide-to-happiness\/4856978\/spirituality-religion-happiness\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">poverty, hunger, and fear<\/a>.&nbsp;This might suggest that people tend to turn to religion to provide the sense of security that others experience in more prosperous, egalitarian, and trusting societies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-is-religion-truly-the-cause-of-benefits\"><strong>Is Religion Truly the Cause of Benefits?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>While people who regularly attend religious services are more likely to <a href=\"https:\/\/news.gallup.com\/opinion\/polling-matters\/389510\/religion-wellbeing-update.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">say they&#8217;re satisfied<\/a> with the way things are going in their lives, statisticians often say that <a href=\"https:\/\/thedecisionlab.com\/reference-guide\/philosophy\/correlation-vs-causation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">correlation is not causation<\/a>: It&#8217;s hard to know if attending religious services <em>causes<\/em> people to be more satisfied with their lives, or if it\u2019s people who are more satisfied with their lives that typically attend religious services. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Does religion actually make people happier? What are the drawbacks of religion? What effects do rituals have on people? Religious and spiritual practices are often credited with making people happier and healthier. But research suggests that religious practices have some potential drawbacks. Continue reading to learn the psychology of religion, backed by research.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":123444,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,6],"tags":[727],"class_list":["post-123443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-psychology","category-spiritual","tag-articles","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Psychology of Religion: Is It Helpful or Harmful? - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Religion is said to make people happier, but what does psychology say? 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