{"id":120141,"date":"2023-12-19T09:59:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-19T13:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=120141"},"modified":"2023-12-28T10:17:54","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T14:17:54","slug":"social-harms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/social-harms\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Minimize Social Harms: 3 Inspiring Approaches"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How should we address social harms such as war and poverty? Do you sense a call to take on such issues in your community or the world?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 2023 book <em>Life Worth Living<\/em> urges you to adopt a philosophy of life. Oftentimes, such personal life philosophies entail an obligation to minimize social harms such as crime and bigotry. The authors share approaches from Mary Wollstonecraft, James Baldwin, and Confucius.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Read more to draw inspiration from these thought leaders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-minimizing-social-harms\">Minimizing Social Harms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Volf, Croasmun, and McAnnally-Linz explain that <strong>some thinkers believe you\u2019re obligated to minimize social harms <\/strong>such as war, poverty, and racism<strong>.<\/strong> One way you can minimize social harms is via \u201ceffective altruism,\u201d a utilitarian movement centered around exercising extreme generosity to solve high-priority problems (for example, you might devote your spare time to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.effectivealtruism.org\/articles\/introduction-to-effective-altruism#helping-to-create-the-field-of-ai-alignment-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the AI alignment problem<\/a>\u2014ensuring AI only benefits and never harms humanity). While this provides direct aid to people in hardship, it may not address the <em>root <\/em>cause of their suffering\u2014social injustices. If your life philosophy includes working toward social justice, the authors describe three different approaches that may inspire you.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Approach #1: Mary Wollstonecraft<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First, the 18th-century English writer Mary Wollstonecraft believed society malfunctions due to gender inequality. Therefore, we should work to give men and women equal educational, political, and economic opportunities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Approach #2: James Baldwin<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, the civil rights activist James Baldwin believed society malfunctions due to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/white-male-supremacy\/\">white supremacy<\/a>, which he thought arose because white people felt they needed to dominate others to cope with life\u2019s hardships. Therefore, white people must find healthier coping mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Approach #3: Confucius<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, the authors say Confucius believed society malfunctions because its leaders aren\u2019t living well. Therefore, we should educate leaders on what it means to live well; then, they can set up social programs that enable regular people to live well, too.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Approaches to Minimizing Social Harms in Action<\/strong><br><br>Although the authors explain that individual generosity may not solve widespread social injustices, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.effectivealtruism.org\/faqs-criticism-objections#does-effective-altruism-neglect-systemic-change\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">many participants in the effective altruism movement explicitly aim to address these issues<\/a>. For example, the effective altruist nonprofit organization GiveWell is <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.givewell.org\/2019\/02\/07\/how-givewells-research-is-evolving\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">shifting gears to focus on systemic issues<\/a> such as pesticide controls, tobacco policies, and tax reforms. So, if you believe that fighting social injustice is part of what it means to live well, effective altruism may just be one way<em> <\/em>of doing that.<br><br>The authors outline three other potential solutions to social injustices: legal equality, the psychological transformation of oppressors, and moral education for leaders. The merits of each approach have been discussed at length by experts in social reform\u2014let\u2019s review a few other arguments for each approach:<br><br>First, we\u2019ll discuss Mary Wollstonecraft\u2019s argument for equal opportunities for men and women. Wollstonecraft\u2014who was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Mary-Wollstonecraft\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a writer and the mother<\/a> of writer Mary Shelley, who authored <a href=\"https:\/\/www.simonandschuster.com\/books\/Frankenstein\/Mary-Shelley\/9780743487580#:~:text=Frankenstein%20%7C%20Book%20by%20Mary%20Shelley,Official%20Publisher%20Page%20%7C%20Simon%20%26%20Schuster\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Frankenstein<\/em><\/a>\u2014is considered \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/mary-wollstonecraft-an-introduction-to-the-mother-of-first-wave-feminism-201046\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the mother of first-wave feminism<\/a>.\u201d Her argument for gender equality <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/A-Vindication-of-the-Rights-of-Woman#ref354739\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">influenced women\u2019s rights activists<\/a> like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Susan-B-Anthony\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Susan B. Anthony<\/a> to fight for women\u2019s suffrage (the right to vote). Research suggests that Wollstonecraft, Anthony, and other feminists were correct in thinking that women\u2019s suffrage would <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-make-society-better\/\">improve society<\/a>: Countries where women and men share <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/methods-of-decision-making-crucial-conversations\/\">decision-making<\/a> power report <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-023-02745-9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">better environmental, socioeconomic, and health-related outcomes<\/a>.<br><br>Now, let\u2019s discuss James Baldwin\u2019s belief that white people must cope with life hardships in healthier ways than racism. In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/1-page-summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>White Fragility<\/em><\/a><em>, <\/em>Robin DiAngelo argues similarly that white supremacy continues to be upheld because white people haven\u2019t reckoned with their privilege. DiAngelo says that instead of acknowledging that society is biased in their favor and working toward an antiracist society, white people tend to <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/1-page-summary#a-mechanism-of-control\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">get defensive<\/a> about their innocence or <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/1-page-summary#white-denial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">outright deny<\/a> the existence of racial discrimination. To transform this behavior into something more constructive, DiAngelo recommends that white people <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/white-fragility\/1-page-summary#confronting-white-fragility\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">get comfortable with being uncomfortable<\/a>, educate themselves, and reflect on how they benefit from white supremacy.<br><br>Finally, let\u2019s discuss Confucius\u2019s advice to educate leaders about what it means to live well. In <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/nicomachean-ethics\/1-page-summary\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Nicomachean Ethics<\/em><\/a><em>, <\/em>Aristotle argued similarly that to become a moral person, you must receive <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/nicomachean-ethics\/1-page-summary#developing-moral-virtue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a moral education<\/a>\u2014preferably from childhood, you\u2019d be instructed to follow the example of a moral teacher. Like Confucius, Aristotle believed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scu.edu\/ethics\/focus-areas\/business-ethics\/resources\/advice-from-aristotle\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">it was especially important for leaders to be moral<\/a> because they\u2019d create the conditions that enabled others to behave morally, too. Research shows how this works in microcosm: When ethical leaders run a workplace, they <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/45022868\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">motivate their employees to treat each other ethically<\/a>, too.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How should we address social harms such as war and poverty? Do you sense a call to take on such issues in your community or the world? The 2023 book Life Worth Living urges you to adopt a philosophy of life. Oftentimes, such personal life philosophies entail an obligation to minimize social harms such as crime and bigotry. The authors share approaches from Mary Wollstonecraft, James Baldwin, and Confucius. Read more to draw inspiration from these thought leaders.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":120148,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,24],"tags":[1355],"class_list":["post-120141","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethics","category-society","tag-life-worth-living","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Minimize Social Harms: 3 Inspiring Approaches - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"If you feel called to tackle social harms such as war, poverty, or bigotry, you&#039;ll find inspiration in these approaches. 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