{"id":12007,"date":"2020-08-03T14:29:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-03T18:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=12007"},"modified":"2022-04-01T16:07:46","modified_gmt":"2022-04-01T20:07:46","slug":"examples-of-medical-racism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/","title":{"rendered":"Five Examples of Medical Racism Throughout the 20th Century"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How has <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-institutional-racism\/\">systemic racism<\/a> in medicine affected research during the 20th Century? What are some examples of medical racism? Is health care discrimination an ongoing issue?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medical racism is the race-motivated mistreatment or exploitation of people. Throughout the 20th Century, Black people have suffered from systemic racism in medicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>See five examples of medical racism, which occurred throughout the 20th Century.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Medical Racism #1: <strong>The Tuskegee Syphilis Study<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the 1930s, US Public Health researchers at the Tuskegee Institute were curious about exactly how syphilis killed its carriers. To track the progression of syphilis in the human body, the researchers lured hundreds of syphilitic African-American men to participate in the study with free exams and meals, as well as a burial stipend for their families for when they passed away. These men were largely poor and uneducated, and their deaths were slow, painful, and entirely preventable: The doctors at the time knew that penicillin could cure them. Considering this to be acceptable was the result of systemic racism in medicine.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Medical Racism #2: <strong>The Nuremberg Code<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1947, seven Nazi doctors were sentenced to death by a US-led tribunal for performing monstrous experiments on imprisoned Jews. Among other horrors, these doctors had sewn siblings together in an effort to create Siamese twins and dissected living people to study organ function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The tribunal proposed an ethical code, composed of ten points, to govern human experimentation across the globe. Dubbed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-nuremberg-code-of-ethics\/\">the Nuremberg Code<\/a>, the document\u2019s first line mandates the \u201cvoluntary consent\u201d of any human subject.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Medical Racism #3: Mississippi Appendectomies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An outgrowth of the eugenics movement of the 1920s and 1930s in the US, \u201cMississippi Appendectomies\u201d were involuntary hysterectomies performed on black women, typically in the Deep South. These surgeries were performed to prevent African-Americans from reproducing as well as to allow doctors \u201cpractice\u201d in performing the procedure. Between the 1930s and 1970s, thousands of African-Americans, men and women, were sterilized involuntarily.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Medical Racism #4: Sickle-Cell Funding<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sickle-cell anemia is a hereditary blood condition that causes fatigue, pain, swelling of the extremities, and other symptoms in the affected. Between 8% and 10% of African-Americans carry the sickle-cell trait (due to intraracial procreation, not biological difference). Despite sickle-cell anemia\u2019s affecting millions of Americans of a variety of races, nationalities, and ethnicities, its research is chronically underfunded because of systemic racism in medicine.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Examples of Medical Racism #5: Stealing Bodies<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the early 19th century, African Americans had traded tales of \u201cnight doctors\u201d who would abduct people in the middle of the night for gruesome experiments. These examples of medical racism weren\u2019t just tales of superstition: <strong>During slavery, doctors <em>would <\/em>in fact test new drugs or surgical procedures\u2014the latter without anesthesia\u2014on slaves<\/strong>.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Later, in the early twentieth century, deceased African Americans were exhumed from their graves and sent north to medical schools desperate for cadavers to study. Hence the belief among African-American Baltimoreans that Hopkins was built among <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/black-poverty-in-america\/\">poor black people<\/a> to have easy access to research subjects.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How has systemic racism in medicine affected research during the 20th Century? What are some examples of medical racism? Is health care discrimination an ongoing issue? Medical racism is the race-motivated mistreatment or exploitation of people. Throughout the 20th Century, Black people have suffered from systemic racism in medicine. See five examples of medical racism, which occurred throughout the 20th Century.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":12119,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,16,39],"tags":[111],"class_list":["post-12007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ethics","category-health","category-history","tag-the-immortal-life-of-henrietta-lacks","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Five Examples of Medical Racism Throughout the 20th Century - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Medical racism is the race-motivated mistreatment or exploitation of people. 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See five examples of systemic racism in medicine during the 20th Century.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-03T18:29:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-01T20:07:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/the-immortal-life-of-henrietta-lacks-racism-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1703\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rina Shah\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d07435826f13a8f422d5d333dceac287\"},\"headline\":\"Five Examples of Medical Racism Throughout the 20th Century\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-03T18:29:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-01T20:07:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/\"},\"wordCount\":508,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/the-immortal-life-of-henrietta-lacks-racism-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Ethics\",\"Health\",\"History\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/\",\"name\":\"Five Examples of Medical Racism Throughout the 20th Century - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/examples-of-medical-racism\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/the-immortal-life-of-henrietta-lacks-racism-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-03T18:29:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-01T20:07:46+00:00\",\"description\":\"Medical racism is the race-motivated mistreatment or exploitation of people. 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