{"id":118921,"date":"2023-12-13T11:17:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-13T15:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=118921"},"modified":"2023-12-14T11:47:04","modified_gmt":"2023-12-14T15:47:04","slug":"the-power-of-math","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/","title":{"rendered":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

How powerful is math? What’s the difference between benign math models and dangerous math models?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Weapons of Math Destruction<\/em>, Cathy O’Neil notes that not all mathematical models are dangerous. When implemented responsibly, mathematical models can be powerful tools that enable organizations to make effective decisions that wouldn’t otherwise be possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Below we’ll define mathematical models to show the power of math.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

What Are Mathematical Models?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

To understand the power of math, you need to know how people and organizations use it. According to O\u2019Neil, a mathematical model is a mathematical simulation of a real-world event<\/strong>. Organizations use mathematical models to make predictions and decisions more efficiently than they would otherwise be able to when handling large amounts of data. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, suppose you recently adopted 100 cats, which you allow to freely roam your 100-acre property. To figure out where and when to leave food for the cats, you equip 20 of them with GPS collars to track their movements throughout the day. Based on the data from the collars, you estimate where the best places to leave food are\u2014you\u2019ve used data to create a simple mathematical model that simulates the movement of your cats without having to track all 100 cats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u2019Neil argues that mathematical models are inherently reductive<\/strong>. Real-world events and people are immensely complex, and it\u2019s impossible to input every factor that influences them into an equation. Lacking all the information necessary to simulate an event flawlessly, mathematical models inevitably produce a few mistakes. Organizations that use mathematical models are aware of these limitations, but they nonetheless use mathematical models because they\u2019re willing to accept the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To return to our example, your mathematical model of cat movements will occasionally return inaccurate results. As any cat owner can tell you, cats do what they want, when they want, coming and going in ways that aren\u2019t entirely predictable. However, you decide that it\u2019s still worth it to feed the cats based on the information your model spits out, as it\u2019s much more efficient than tracking down and feeding each cat each day\u2014and as long as all the cats are getting enough food, there\u2019s no harm done.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u2019Neil cautions that in addition to their limited accuracy, mathematical models also have ethical limitations. Mathematical models reflect the biases and incorrect assumptions of the people who make them.<\/strong> Additionally, unlike humans, mathematical models are unable to factor in moral and ethical concepts like equality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, a cat feeding model designed by someone who incorrectly assumed that cats spend most of their lives in trees would probably place food sources up high. Based on this model, you\u2019d end up distributing food unfairly, placing it where only the most nimble and adventurous cats would have access to it, while their terrestrial siblings would be left to fend for themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Characteristics of Dangerous Mathematical Models<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Now that we understand what mathematical models are, let\u2019s consider the three characteristics that make them dangerous: They\u2019re opaque, they don\u2019t incorporate feedback<\/a>, and they operate on a large scale. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dangerous Models Are Opaque<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

According to O\u2019Neil, dangerous mathematical models don\u2019t make their methods known to the public<\/strong>. Often, the inner workings of these models are considered valuable proprietary information\u2014and the companies that own these models closely guard this information. O\u2019Neil argues that this lack of transparency makes it impossible for outsiders to critique a particular model as outsiders aren\u2019t permitted to know how the model works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lack of transparency also makes it impossible for individuals to protest the way models judge them. For example, if a bank uses a mathematical model to decide to deny you a loan and refuses to explain how the model reached that decision, you\u2019re left with no recourse except to look elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By contrast, good mathematical models make their methods transparent<\/strong>, says O\u2019Neil. By publicizing the data and methods they use to make their judgments, they open themselves to critique\u2014if a method is obviously flawed or unfair, transparency allows outsiders to point out the flaw so it can be corrected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Transparency is especially important in models that judge individuals, such as credit scores. Transparency allows consumers to understand the criteria their score is based on and the steps they can take to improve their score.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dangerous Models Don\u2019t Incorporate Feedback<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The next defining characteristic of dangerous mathematical models is a failure to incorporate feedback. According to O\u2019Neil, good mathematical models are constantly incorporating feedback based on the accuracy of their predictions<\/strong>. If their predictions are accurate, the model remains unchanged, but when errors are detected, the model is adjusted. By incorporating feedback, good models slowly become more accurate over time, as their equations and algorithms are tweaked to avoid replicating old errors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By contrast, dangerous models don\u2019t collect or incorporate feedback. Models that don\u2019t collect feedback remain oblivious to their own errors. If the original model includes bias, such models will continue to replicate that bias<\/strong>, without their designers ever realizing what\u2019s happening.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dangerous Models Operate on a Large Scale<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The final characteristic of dangerous mathematical models is excessive scale. Good mathematical models are used at a reasonable scale, only in the contexts they were designed to simulate. When used within their designated contexts, good mathematical models often make accurate predictions, and when they fail, the harm they do is limited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By contrast, dangerous mathematical models are deployed at massive scale, often far beyond the contexts they were originally designed for<\/strong>. O\u2019Neil says that when used in such broad contexts, even low rates of inaccuracy cause harm to many people, as even small fractions of massive numbers often represent sizable groups of people.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

How powerful is math? What’s the difference between benign math models and dangerous math models? In Weapons of Math Destruction, Cathy O’Neil notes that not all mathematical models are dangerous. When implemented responsibly, mathematical models can be powerful tools that enable organizations to make effective decisions that wouldn’t otherwise be possible. Below we’ll define mathematical models to show the power of math.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":119174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[24,25],"tags":[1343],"class_list":["post-118921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-society","category-statistics","tag-weapons-of-math-destruction","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"675\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Katie Doll\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Katie Doll\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Katie Doll\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c3e1b539e89423b544ede91ab2bff937\"},\"headline\":\"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\"},\"wordCount\":979,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Weapons of Math Destruction\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Society\",\"Statistics\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\",\"name\":\"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00\",\"description\":\"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":675,\"caption\":\"The power of math illustrated in fluctuating bars and graphs.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World's Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c3e1b539e89423b544ede91ab2bff937\",\"name\":\"Katie Doll\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6239731a3fc739640b80be30f2b1727a055d3535d0ee4569e8282faa323e47fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6239731a3fc739640b80be30f2b1727a055d3535d0ee4569e8282faa323e47fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Katie Doll\"},\"description\":\"Somehow, Katie was able to pull off her childhood dream of creating a career around books after graduating with a degree in English and a concentration in Creative Writing. Her preferred genre of books has changed drastically over the years, from fantasy\/dystopian young-adult to moving novels and non-fiction books on the human experience. Katie especially enjoys reading and writing about all things television, good and bad.\",\"knowsAbout\":[\"Bachelor of Arts in English With a Concentration in Creative Writing\"],\"jobTitle\":\"Senior SEO Writer\",\"worksFor\":\"Shortform\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/katie\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions - Shortform Books","description":"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions","og_description":"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":675,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Katie Doll","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Katie Doll","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/"},"author":{"name":"Katie Doll","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c3e1b539e89423b544ede91ab2bff937"},"headline":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions","datePublished":"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/"},"wordCount":979,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","keywords":["Weapons of Math Destruction"],"articleSection":["Society","Statistics"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/","name":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","datePublished":"2023-12-13T15:17:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-12-14T15:47:04+00:00","description":"Math is more than just numbers and graphs. It can change how we interpret society and the world. Discover the power of math here.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","width":1200,"height":675,"caption":"The power of math illustrated in fluctuating bars and graphs."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-power-of-math\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Power of Math: Making Big Predictions and Decisions"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World's Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/c3e1b539e89423b544ede91ab2bff937","name":"Katie Doll","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6239731a3fc739640b80be30f2b1727a055d3535d0ee4569e8282faa323e47fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6239731a3fc739640b80be30f2b1727a055d3535d0ee4569e8282faa323e47fc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Katie Doll"},"description":"Somehow, Katie was able to pull off her childhood dream of creating a career around books after graduating with a degree in English and a concentration in Creative Writing. Her preferred genre of books has changed drastically over the years, from fantasy\/dystopian young-adult to moving novels and non-fiction books on the human experience. Katie especially enjoys reading and writing about all things television, good and bad.","knowsAbout":["Bachelor of Arts in English With a Concentration in Creative Writing"],"jobTitle":"Senior SEO Writer","worksFor":"Shortform","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/katie\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/bar-and-line-graphs-charts-up-and-down.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=118921"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":119312,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/118921\/revisions\/119312"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/119174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=118921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=118921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=118921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}