{"id":117092,"date":"2023-11-06T16:56:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-06T20:56:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=117092"},"modified":"2023-11-07T15:18:57","modified_gmt":"2023-11-07T19:18:57","slug":"stages-of-learning-a-skill","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/","title":{"rendered":"The 3 Stages of Learning a Skill\u2014and the Science Behind It"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What&#8217;s going on in your brain when you learn a skill? What stages do you go through?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to neuroscience research, you can improve any skill through practice because your brain is designed to learn and grow. During the skill acquisition process, you progress through the phases of cognition, association, and autonomy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep reading to understand these stages of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-develop-a-skill\/\">learning a skill<\/a> and the science that makes this growth possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-stages-of-learning-a-skill\">The Stages of Learning a Skill<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Skill acquisition expert Josh Kaufman explains that your brain physically reorganizes itself in response to what you do, see, and experience. Whether you\u2019re driving a car or drawing realistic portraits, when you learn a new skill, your brain creates new neural connections and pathways that help you perform it. The more you practice the skill, the stronger and more efficient these connections grow, allowing you to perform the skill with more ease and proficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaufman writes that there are three stages of learning a skill.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. Cognitive<\/strong>: You start off having to think hard about the skill\u2014you\u2019re trying to figure out how everything works and what you need to do. For instance, when you start learning to drive, you have to learn the rules of the road and how to operate the car.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. Associative<\/strong>: With practice, you start noticing patterns and trying out different approaches, but you still have to think about what you\u2019re doing. For example, when driving, you get better at adjusting your speed and predicting how much distance you need before merging, but you still need to consciously consider your actions as you go.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. Autonomous<\/strong>: You can perform the skill without needing to think very hard about what you\u2019re doing\u2014you do it automatically. For example, as you become a more experienced driver, you don\u2019t have to regularly remind yourself of how to operate the car and can go from one location to the next almost effortlessly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>What Happens in Your Brain When You Learn Something New<\/strong><br><br>The authors of <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/make-it-stick\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Make It Stick<\/em><\/a> dive deeper into the neuroscience behind <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/make-it-stick\/1#your-brain-is-built-for-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">how your brain physically changes<\/a> when you learn a new skill: Your brain has billions of nerve cells (neurons) with structures called axons that branch out and connect them with other neurons. Axons are coated with myelin, which helps signals travel more quickly and efficiently. The more you practice a skill, the thicker the myelin coating becomes, allowing you to perform the skill with more ease and speed.<br><br>So, how exactly does practice allow you to progress through each of the three stages Kaufman outlines? The authors of <em>Make It Stick<\/em> say there are <a href=\"https:\/\/shortform.com\/app\/book\/make-it-stick\/1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">three things that happen in your brain<\/a> (encoding, consolidation, and retrieval) that help you to go from cognitive to associative to autonomous.<br><br>1. Your brain <em>encodes <\/em>new information as memory traces, which are stored in your short-term memory.<br><br>2. Your brain then works to <em>consolidate<\/em> those memory traces and transfer them to your long-term memory\u2014a process that takes hours or days.<br><br>3. After you consolidate information to your long-term memory, you must create <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/memory-cues\/\">retrieval cues<\/a><\/em>, which help you pull up the information so you can apply it to different situations. The more you have, the more readily you can recall information.<br><br>Practice helps you create these retrieval cues and further consolidate your knowledge. As this happens, you progress from having to think hard about the skill to being able to retrieve the information almost automatically.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What&#8217;s going on in your brain when you learn a skill? What stages do you go through? According to neuroscience research, you can improve any skill through practice because your brain is designed to learn and grow. During the skill acquisition process, you progress through the phases of cognition, association, and autonomy. Keep reading to understand these stages of learning a skill and the science that makes this growth possible.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":117099,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,160],"tags":[1317],"class_list":["post-117092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-education","category-science","tag-the-first-20-hours","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The 3 Stages of Learning a Skill\u2014and the Science Behind It - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When you drive, it&#039;s a different experience from when you started learning to drive, right? Understand the three stages of learning a skill.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The 3 Stages of Learning a Skill\u2014and the Science Behind It\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"When you drive, it&#039;s a different experience from when you started learning to drive, right? Understand the three stages of learning a skill.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-11-06T20:56:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-11-07T19:18:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/driving-driver-drivers-education-road-signs.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\"},\"headline\":\"The 3 Stages of Learning a Skill\u2014and the Science Behind It\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-06T20:56:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-07T19:18:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\"},\"wordCount\":582,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/driving-driver-drivers-education-road-signs.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"The First 20 Hours\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Education\",\"Science\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/\",\"name\":\"The 3 Stages of Learning a Skill\u2014and the Science Behind It - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/stages-of-learning-a-skill\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/driving-driver-drivers-education-road-signs.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-11-06T20:56:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-11-07T19:18:57+00:00\",\"description\":\"When you drive, it's a different experience from when you started learning to drive, right? 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