{"id":11148,"date":"2020-07-13T13:14:00","date_gmt":"2020-07-13T17:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=11148"},"modified":"2022-04-01T15:24:55","modified_gmt":"2022-04-01T19:24:55","slug":"reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/","title":{"rendered":"Reciprocal Concessions: The Mirage of Middle Ground"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>What are reciprocal concessions? Why do you feel the need to concede something just because someone else has given on their side? Rejection-then-retreat is a tactic used to help persuade you to give in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reciprocal concessions is a negotiation strategy that uses an unreasonable ask that is scaled back to what a person really wants. You are tricked into thinking that you \u201cwon\u201d a hard-earned concession and give on your starting position. Learn how to see through this rejection-then-retreat strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rejection-Then-Retreat<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A favorite of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-avoid-being-manipulated\/\">compliance practitioners<\/a> looking to make use of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/the-reciprocity-principle-cialdini\/\">Reciprocity Principle<\/a> is the rejection-then-retreat tactic. The tactic plays upon the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/contrast-bias\/\">contrast effect<\/a>, in which <strong>we exaggerate the differences between things depending on the order in which they\u2019re presented to us.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A classic example is lifting a light object and then lifting a heavier object. Studies show that people who lifted the lighter object first consistently rated the second object as being heavier than those who had <em>only <\/em>lifted the heavier object.&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here\u2019s how compliance professionals use the rejection-then-retreat tactic to trap you with reciprocal concessions:<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1) <strong>They make you an extreme first ask<\/strong>. For example, they might ask a high initial price for an item you\u2019re looking to buy or ask you to commit a large amount of time volunteering for some cause. <strong>These first asks are <\/strong><strong><em>meant <\/em><\/strong><strong>to be rejected<\/strong>. They\u2019re <em>counting <\/em>on you balking at the initial request.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2) After you\u2019ve rejected them the first time, <strong>they make you a more \u201creasonable\u201d second request. <\/strong>The second request looks small and reasonable because it comes immediately after a larger initial request: the compliance professional has primed your brain by using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/contrast-effect-psychology\/\">the contrast effect<\/a>.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They\u2019ve scaled back their initial request: they\u2019ve offered you a concession. Because of the Reciprocity Principle, <strong>they know that you\u2019ll be more likely to match their concession with a reciprocal concession, <\/strong>by saying \u201cyes\u201d to their second request.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The technique also fosters a deeper commitment from the customer. You\u2019re more invested in following through on the contract or purchase because <strong>you\u2019ve been tricked into thinking that you \u201cwon\u201d a hard-earned concession from the compliance professional<\/strong>. Of course, you haven\u2019t won anything: you\u2019ve fallen perfectly into the trap they laid for you. The compliance professional is hoping to lure you into this cycle of reciprocal concessions.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The rejection-then-retreat tactic has been shown to be highly effective at getting people to accede to requests that they would otherwise reject out of hand. The \u201creasonable\u201d second request doesn\u2019t even have to be small for the tactic to work. It can still be an objectively large ask, as long as it\u2019s smaller than the first request.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It should be noted, however, that there are limits to how effective reciprocal concessions can be. If the initial request is <em>too <\/em>outlandish, the tactic will backfire. For example, a compliance professional can\u2019t ask $1 million for something that they really only want to charge $200 for.&nbsp;<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>TV Producers vs. Censors: A Tale of Reciprocal Concessions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Producers of shows that air on network television in the United States have to clear the shows\u2019 content with censors at the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) before it can be aired. The FCC will flag material that they deem to be inappropriate. But producers are good at using the Reciprocity Principle and the rejection-then-retreat tactic to get the content they want on the air. <strong>Producers will deliberately insert lines into scripts that they <em>know <\/em>will be rejected by the censors: they then pull back to the lines that they really wanted to include all along.<\/strong> When <em>Happy Days<\/em> was on the air in the 1970s, producers included the word \u201cvirgin\u201d in the initial script seven times. The censors ended up cutting six uses of the word and leaving in one, which was the producers\u2019 plan from the start.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Talking the Top of the Line: A Sales Trick<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You might think that salespeople would want to show you the cheaper, economy model of a product first, because you\u2019d be more likely to buy it. They could then talk you up to purchasing the more expensive model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But you\u2019d have it backwards. Salespeople always want to show you the most <em>expensive <\/em>model first. This technique, called \u201ctalking the top of the line,\u201d is a time-honored Reciprocity Principle move. If you buy the expensive model at first sight, then that\u2019s obviously a win for the salesperson. But if you reject it, they\u2019ll then show you the more reasonably-priced model. By contrast, it will look far more affordable than it really is. You\u2019ll offer a reciprocal concession to match the salesperson\u2019s concession. You end up buying the cheaper model.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The numbers bear this out: According to <em>Consumer Reports <\/em><strong>sales figures were twice as high when customers were shown more expensive models first than when they were shown the cheaper models first<\/strong>. The lesson? Rejection-then-retreat <em>works<\/em>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What are reciprocal concessions? Why do you feel the need to concede something just because someone else has given on their side? Rejection-then-retreat is a tactic used to help persuade you to give in. Reciprocal concessions is a negotiation strategy that uses an unreasonable ask that is scaled back to what a person really wants. You are tricked into thinking that you \u201cwon\u201d a hard-earned concession and give on your starting position. Learn how to see through this rejection-then-retreat strategy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":11180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[104,9,103],"tags":[101],"class_list":["post-11148","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-marketing","category-psychology","category-sales","tag-influence","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Reciprocal Concessions: The Mirage of Middle Ground - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Reciprocal concessions use an unreasonable ask to make the real ask seem more reasonable. This rejection-then-retreat strategy is used to manipulate you.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Reciprocal Concessions: The Mirage of Middle Ground\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Reciprocal concessions use an unreasonable ask to make the real ask seem more reasonable. This rejection-then-retreat strategy is used to manipulate you.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-07-13T17:14:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-04-01T19:24:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/influence-reciprocal-concessions-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rina Shah\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Rina Shah\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d07435826f13a8f422d5d333dceac287\"},\"headline\":\"Reciprocal Concessions: The Mirage of Middle Ground\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-07-13T17:14:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-01T19:24:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\"},\"wordCount\":832,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/influence-reciprocal-concessions-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Influence\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Marketing\",\"Psychology\",\"Sales\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/\",\"name\":\"Reciprocal Concessions: The Mirage of Middle Ground - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/reciprocal-concessions-reciprocity-principle\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/influence-reciprocal-concessions-scaled.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-07-13T17:14:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-04-01T19:24:55+00:00\",\"description\":\"Reciprocal concessions use an unreasonable ask to make the real ask seem more reasonable. 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