{"id":106495,"date":"2023-06-25T16:50:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-25T20:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=106495"},"modified":"2023-06-28T09:52:04","modified_gmt":"2023-06-28T13:52:04","slug":"polarization-of-political-parties","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/","title":{"rendered":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>How has growing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/party-polarization\/\">political polarization<\/a> in America affected Democrats and Republicans? Why are these parties impacted differently?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Democratic and Republican parties are different, not just in their platforms, but in their culture and makeup. Ezra Klein says that this explains why political polarization affects these two major parties differently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Continue reading to understand the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-parties\/\">polarization of political parties<\/a> in America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-polarization-of-political-parties-in-the-us\">The Polarization of Political Parties in the US<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Klein writes that, while the polarization of political parties has affected the composition and electoral strategies of both Republicans and Democrats, its effects have not been equal. Instead, he observes, the Republican Party has been far more deeply distorted by polarization than the Democratic Party.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-diversity-of-the-democratic-party\">The Diversity of the Democratic Party<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Klein argues that <strong>the Democratic Party has been <\/strong><strong><em>less <\/em><\/strong><strong>vulnerable to polarization because of its diverse makeup<\/strong>. Democrats, he writes, are a broad coalition of different racial, religious, and other demographic groups. Within those demographic groups, there\u2019s also lots of <em>ideological <\/em>diversity. For example, although they remain staunchly Democratic, lots of Black and Latino voters have socially conservative views, particularly on issues related to gender and sexual orientation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The diverse composition of the party\u2019s base acts as a moderating influence and a check on polarization: Candidates need to win over a broad demographic and ideological coalition to be nominated, and they need to compromise once they\u2019re in office. Left-wing activists, argues Klein, do <em>not <\/em>control the Democratic Party or set its agenda\u2014rather, they are one constituency among many that Democratic politicians need to cater to. Thus, Democrats <em>can\u2019t <\/em>be pulled too far left, because if they did, they wouldn\u2019t be able to hold their coalition together.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>The Democratic Shift to the Left<\/strong><br><br>Although Klein writes that the diversity of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/democracy-coalition\/\">Democratic coalition<\/a> acts as a check on polarization, it\u2019s worth exploring how much the Democrats <em>have <\/em>moved away from the political center, especially in recent years.<br><br>In the 2020 Democratic primaries, viable candidates like Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders <a href=\"https:\/\/fivethirtyeight.com\/features\/why-the-democrats-have-shifted-left-over-the-last-30-years\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">proposed policies that would have been considered far to the left of the median voter<\/a> only a few election cycles before. These policies included reparations for the descendants of enslaved people, universal childcare, a wealth tax, and forcing corporations to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/2018\/8\/15\/17683022\/elizabeth-warren-accountable-capitalism-corporations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">reserve 40% of board seats for workers<\/a>.<br><br>Moreover, self-identified <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/democrats-move-left-but-the-center-holds-11597429469\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">liberals comprise a far larger share of the Democratic base than they did a generation ago<\/a>. In 1994, self-identified moderates made up half the party, while liberals made up only a quarter. In 2020, liberals represented half the party, while moderates represented only a third. And this move to the left may be influencing how the broader American electorate views the party: A 2019 Quinnipiac poll showed that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2019\/10\/24\/politics\/democratic-party-left-liberal-q-poll\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">nearly half the country thinks the Democratic Party has moved too far to the left<\/a>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-uniformity-of-the-gop\">The Uniformity of the GOP&nbsp;<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>According to Klein, <strong>the GOP is <\/strong><strong><em>more <\/em><\/strong><strong>vulnerable to polarization because of its comparatively homogeneous and uniform composition<\/strong>. Unlike the Democratic Party, the GOP is dominated by a single ideological and demographic group\u2014white conservative Christians.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Klein writes that this uniformity does give Republicans some real political advantages: They\u2019re able to achieve a level of internal cohesion and discipline that Democrats lack. Republican politicians don\u2019t have to cater to as many groups with competing interests to keep their coalition together.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But, because the party is largely synonymous with a single identity group, Republican voters are also more susceptible to identity-based appeals and provocations than their Democratic counterparts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Although Klein discusses the ethnic homogeneity of the GOP, it\u2019s worth noting that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/blog\/fixgov\/2021\/07\/06\/new-2020-voter-data-how-biden-won-how-trump-kept-the-race-close-and-what-it-tells-us-about-the-future\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the GOP has shown strength with certain segments of the nonwhite electorate<\/a>. In 2020, Republican Donald Trump dramatically increased his share of the Hispanic vote\u2014earning 38% of the group\u2019s vote, a 10 percentage-point increase over his performance with them in 2016.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How has growing political polarization in America affected Democrats and Republicans? Why are these parties impacted differently? The Democratic and Republican parties are different, not just in their platforms, but in their culture and makeup. Ezra Klein says that this explains why political polarization affects these two major parties differently. Continue reading to understand the polarization of political parties in America.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":106502,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[275,24],"tags":[1079],"class_list":["post-106495","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politics","category-society","tag-why-were-polarized","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here&#039;s why.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here&#039;s why.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Shortform Books\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Elizabeth Whitworth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\"},\"headline\":\"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\"},\"wordCount\":646,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Why We&#039;re Polarized\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Politics\",\"Society\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\",\"name\":\"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More - Shortform Books\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00\",\"description\":\"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here's why.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"description\":\"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Shortform Books\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png\",\"width\":500,\"height\":74,\"caption\":\"Shortform Books\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13\",\"name\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Elizabeth Whitworth\"},\"description\":\"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.\",\"sameAs\":[\"rina@shortform.com\"],\"award\":[\"Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)\",\"Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)\",\"Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)\",\"Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)\"],\"knowsAbout\":[\"History\",\"Theology\",\"Government\"],\"jobTitle\":\"Senior SEO Writer\",\"worksFor\":\"Shortform\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More - Shortform Books","description":"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here's why.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More","og_description":"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here's why.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/","og_site_name":"Shortform Books","article_published_time":"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1200,"height":630,"url":"https:\/\/s3.amazonaws.com\/wordpress.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Elizabeth Whitworth","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Elizabeth Whitworth","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/"},"author":{"name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13"},"headline":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More","datePublished":"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/"},"wordCount":646,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","keywords":["Why We&#039;re Polarized"],"articleSection":["Politics","Society"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/","name":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More - Shortform Books","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","datePublished":"2023-06-25T20:50:00+00:00","dateModified":"2023-06-28T13:52:04+00:00","description":"The polarization of political parties has affected both Republicans and Democrats. But, its effects have not been equal. Here's why.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","width":1200,"height":630},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/polarization-of-political-parties\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Polarization of Political Parties: Why the GOP Is Impacted More"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","name":"Shortform Books","description":"The World&#039;s Best Book Summaries","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#organization","name":"Shortform Books","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/logo-equilateral-with-text-no-bg.png","width":500,"height":74,"caption":"Shortform Books"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/d2928cf6c11a69ced1491d6a5b74fb13","name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1fff9d65a52ac4340660218e7b63ee5e365cf08e7aa7adff79a0142cd4b96f84?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Elizabeth Whitworth"},"description":"Elizabeth has a lifelong love of books. She devours nonfiction, especially in the areas of history, theology, and philosophy. A switch to audiobooks has kindled her enjoyment of well-narrated fiction, particularly Victorian and early 20th-century works. She appreciates idea-driven books\u2014and a classic murder mystery now and then. Elizabeth has a Substack and is writing a book about what the Bible says about death and hell.","sameAs":["rina@shortform.com"],"award":["Contributions to joint task force efforts (FBI)","Contributions to Special Operations Division (DOJ & DEA)","Efforts to fight the war on drugs (NSA)","Contributions to Operation Storm Front (US Customs Service)"],"knowsAbout":["History","Theology","Government"],"jobTitle":"Senior SEO Writer","worksFor":"Shortform","url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/author\/elizabeth\/"}]}},"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/republican-democrat-donkey-elephant.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106495","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=106495"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106495\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":106539,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/106495\/revisions\/106539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/106502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=106495"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=106495"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=106495"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}