{"id":106243,"date":"2023-06-29T10:11:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-29T14:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/?p=106243"},"modified":"2023-06-30T13:39:44","modified_gmt":"2023-06-30T17:39:44","slug":"how-to-improve-cognitive-skills","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-improve-cognitive-skills\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Improve Cognitive Skills: The 4 Best Activities"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Why are you so susceptible to interference and distractions? What are activities that help improve cognitive skills?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Technology and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/how-to-deal-with-information-overload\/\">information overload<\/a> cause interference in the brain because of cognitive control limitations. <em>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/easily-distracted\/\">Distracted Mind<\/a><\/em> by Adam Gazzaley and Larry D. Rosen claims that this interference can be improved with certain activities that help brain function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Keep reading to learn how to improve cognitive skills.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-improve-the-brain-s-cognitive-control\"><strong>Improve the Brain\u2019s Cognitive Control<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Gazzaley and Rosen reason that one way to improve resistance to interference is to learn how to improve cognitive skills. Although they consider various activities to strengthen our cognitive control, we\u2019ll focus on the four that they contend have the strongest empirical support: <strong>physical exercise, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/eckhart-tolle-meditation-mindfulness\/\">meditation<\/a>, cognitive exercise, and certain video games. <\/strong>Of these four, they note that only physical exercise rises to the level of a prescriptive recommendation, while the other three have comparatively less empirical support.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-activity-1-physical-exercise\">Activity #1: Physical Exercise<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To begin, Gazzaley and Rosen argue that <strong>a wide body of research clearly supports the beneficial impact of physical exercise on cognitive control. <\/strong>For instance, one study found that, after consistently undergoing aerobic exercise, children experienced significant boosts in cognitive control. But these results aren\u2019t just limited to children; Gazzaley and Rosen observe that, according to multiple meta-analyses of published studies, physical exercise is predictive of increased cognitive control in adult populations as well.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Some experts point out that beyond increasing cognitive control, exercise can improve your mental health in other key areas. For example, regular physical exercise has been <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/depression\/in-depth\/depression-and-exercise\/art-20046495\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">causally linked to decreased anxiety and depression<\/a>; although the details are unclear, experts hypothesize that the endorphins released by physical activity play a key role in combating both <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/low-mood-and-anxiety\/\">depression and anxiety<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-activity-2-meditation\">Activity #2: Meditation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Although exercise has the best-established benefits for cognitive control, Gazzaley and Rosen contend that <strong>consistent meditation might also be beneficial, especially for our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/what-is-selective-attention\/\">selective attention<\/a>. <\/strong>In support of their claim, Gazzaley and Rosen cite a seminal study that examined young adults with no previous experience meditating as they went through a five-week long meditation course. This study found that, compared to a control group, participants in the meditation course performed significantly better at tests measuring their selective attention.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: One particularly common form of meditation is <em>mindfulness<\/em>, which specifically targets attention skills by asking practitioners to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.takingcharge.csh.umn.edu\/what-mindfulness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">shift their attention exclusively to the present moment<\/a>. Though research into the efficacy of mindfulness is ongoing, one review of mindfulness studies noted a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3679190\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">link between mindfulness and increased self-reported well-being<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-activity-3-cognitive-exercise\">Activity #3: Cognitive Exercise<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to meditation, Gazzaley and Rosen suggest that <strong>cognitive exercise can improve our cognitive control. <\/strong>Cognitive exercise refers to adaptive \u201cbrain games\u201d that become more difficult over time to match players\u2019 skill levels. For example, in Gazzaley\u2019s laboratory, participants took part in a game called <em>Beepseeker<\/em>\u2014they heard three tones and had to determine whether a target tone was present among the tones, thus testing their ability to filter out extraneous information. Gazzaley and Rosen observed that, over time, older adults who participated in <em>Beepseeker<\/em> became less vulnerable to distractions in the game, demonstrating improved cognitive control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: Adaptive brain games like <em>Beepseeker<\/em> work because they use a practice similar to <em>progressive overload<\/em>\u2014a physical exercise technique that involves <a href=\"https:\/\/www.medicalnewstoday.com\/articles\/progressive-overload\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">steadily ramping up the difficulty of workouts over time<\/a>. Just as progressive overload ensures that you\u2019re consistently challenged to yield results, so too do adaptive brain games ensure that your brain is consistently at its threshold to maximize results.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-activity-4-video-games\">Activity #4: Video Games<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In a similar vein, Gazzaley and Rosen argue that <strong>playing certain video games can also lead to improved cognitive control. <\/strong>Specifically, they cite a study showing that video game players showed superior capacity for attention, both in terms of how fast they processed information and how much information they could attend to simultaneously. This finding was strongest among those who play action games because those games require juggling more tasks simultaneously than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/non-action\/\">non-action<\/a> games. Moreover, the authors point out that after this initial study, other studies have shown a link between playing video games and increased aspects of cognitive control, such as better <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shortform.com\/blog\/improve-working-memory-moonwalking-with-einstein\/\">working memory<\/a> and goal management.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(Shortform note: In addition to improved attention, working memory, and goal management, another influential review of studies concludes that video games also noticeably improve our <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1037\/a0019491?journalCode=rgpa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>visuospatial cognition<\/em><\/a>\u2014that is, our ability to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.01226\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">perceive and imagine objects\u2019 spatial relations<\/a> with one another. Moreover, because <a href=\"https:\/\/groups.psych.northwestern.edu\/uttal\/vittae\/documents\/Spatial%20Abilities%20and%20STEM%20education%20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">spatial cognition skills strongly predict which students will enter STEM fields<\/a>, it stands to reason that improving these skills could tangibly impact students\u2019 later career paths.)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why are you so susceptible to interference and distractions? What are activities that help improve cognitive skills? Technology and information overload cause interference in the brain because of cognitive control limitations. The Distracted Mind by Adam Gazzaley and Larry D. Rosen claims that this interference can be improved with certain activities that help brain function. Keep reading to learn how to improve cognitive skills.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"featured_media":2724,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16,9,43],"tags":[1072],"class_list":["post-106243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","category-psychology","category-self-improvement","tag-the-distracted-mind","","tg-column-two"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.3 (Yoast SEO v24.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to Improve Cognitive Skills: The 4 Best Activities - Shortform Books<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Distractions are easy to fall for. Luckily, there are activities to help you improve cognitive skills so you can stay focused. 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